Analysis of New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1

This article will firstly discuss the context overview of English teaching and learning in China. Under thiscircumstance, a problematic element will be examined of the New Senior English for China Student’s Book 1 and critical appraisal ofhow this element relates to other elements of curriculum development will be analyzed. The recommended changes and demonstrationmechanisms for evaluating the changes are put forward in the last two parts.

口蹄疫病毒Asia1/JS/China/2005株基因组全长感染性克隆的构建

利用长距离RT-PCR技术扩增病毒基因组3′端覆盖口蹄疫病毒Asia1/JS/China/2005株近全长的3个片段(共约7.5 kb),并利用单一酶切位点将其分别克隆到pBluescriptSK+载体上。利用融合PCR扩增到基因组5′端含有15个C碱基的基因片段(约700 bp),并将其连接至pGEM-T载体。最后将这4个片段的阳性克隆装配至剔除T7启动子的低拷贝载体pcDNA3.1/Zeo(+)中构建该病毒株的全长cDNA克隆。以构建的FMDV Asia1/JS/China/2005株全长cDNA为模板,使用T7RNA聚合酶在体外转录得到病毒RNA,通过脂质体将其导入BHK细胞获得拯救病毒。对收获的病毒分别用RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光、电子显微镜观察和乳鼠致病性分析结果证实,通过体外转录获得了具有感染性的口蹄疫病毒。该株感染性克隆的构建为深入研究口蹄疫病毒的致病机制及研制新型疫苗等奠定了基础。

The HY-1 satellite and ground system in China

INTRODUCTIONWith the coming of the 21st century, we are faced the problems of the environment, re-sources and population. The ocean is regarded as supplier of resources such as food, minerals,energy and space, and plays an important role in sustainable economic development. At thesame time the ocean has a very important effect on the worldwide environmental changes.

Occurrence of Aflatoxin B_(1),deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in feeds in China during 2018-2020

Background:The current study was conducted to investigate the individual and combined occurrence of aflatoxin B_(1)(AFB_(1)),deoxynivalenol(DON)and zearalenone(ZEN)in feeds from various Provinces of China during 2018 to 2020.A total of 3,507 feed samples,including 2,090 feed ingredients and 1,417 complete feed samples,were collected from different areas of China for mycotoxins analysis.Results:The individual contamination of AFB_(1),DON and ZEN were present in more than 81.9%,96.4% and 96.9% of feed samples,respectively,with average concentration ranges of AFB_(1) between 1.2-27.4μg/kg,DON between 458.0-1,925.4μg/kg and ZEN between 48.1-326.8μg/kg.Notably,0.9%,0.5% and 0.1% of feed ingredients,and 1.2-12.8%,0.9-2.9% and 0-8.9% of complete feeds for pigs,poultry and ruminants with AFB_(1),ZEN and DON that exceeded China’s safety standards,respectively.Moreover,more than 81.5%of feed ingredients and 95.7% of complete feeds were co-contaminated with various combinations of these mycotoxins.Conclusion:This study indicates that the feeds in China were universally contaminated with AFB_(1),DON and ZEN during the past 3 years.These findings highlight the significance of monitoring mycotoxin contaminant levels in the domestic animal feed,and the importance of carrying out feed administration and remediation strategies for mycotoxin control.

Preliminary observation results of the Coherent Beacon Systemonboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite-1

This paper reports, for the first time, observation results of the Coherent Beacon System(CBS) onboard the China SeismoElectromagnetic Satellite-1(CSES-1). We describe the CBS, and the Computerized Ionospheric Tomography(CIT) algorithm program is validated by numerical experiment. Two examples are shown, for daytime and nighttime respectively. The Equatorial Ionization Anomaly(EIA) can be seen, and the northern crest core is located at ～20°N in the reconstruction image at 07:28 UTC on 20 July 2018(daytime).Disturbances are shown in the reconstruction image at 18:40 UTC on 13 July 2018(nighttime). We find that beacon measurements are more consistent with ionosonde measurements than model results, by comparing Nm F2 at three sites at Lanzhou, Chongqing, and Kunming; consistency with ionosonde measurements validates beacon measurements. Finally, we have studied Vertical Total Electron Content(VTEC) variations from ground to ～500 km(the height of CSES-1 orbit) and ratios of VTEC between beacon measurements and CODE(Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) data. VTEC variation from ground to ～500 km has a range of 7.2–16.5 TECU for the daytime case and a range of 1.1–1.7 TECU for the nighttime case. The Beacon/CODE ratio of VTEC varies with latitude and time. The mean Beacon/CODE ratio is 0.69 for the daytime case and 0.26 for the nighttime case. The fact that the nighttime case yields lower ratios indicates the higher altitude of the ionosphere during nighttime when the ionosphere is assumed to be a thin layer.

The Influence of Climate Change on Winter Wheat during 2012-2100 under A2 and A1B Scenarios in China

By assuming constant winter wheat varieties and agricultural practices in China, the influence of climate change on winter wheat is simulated using the corrected future climate projections under SRES A2 and A1B scenarios from 2012 to 2100, respectively. The results indicate that the growth of winter wheat would be strongly influenced by climate change in future. The average flowering and maturity dates of winter wheat would advance by 26 and 27 days under scenario A2, and by 23 and 24 days respectively under scenario A1B from 2012 to 2100. The simulated potential productivity of winter wheat shows a decrease of 14.3% and 12.5% for scenarios A2 and A1B respectively without the fertilization effect of CO2, while an increase of 1.3% and 0.6% with the fertilization effect of CO2. Additionally, for northern China, the simulated potential productivity would markedly decrease under both scenarios, independent with the fertilization effect of CO2, which indicates that the current planted winter wheat would be more vulnerable than that in southern China. The most likely reason is the current winter wheat varieties in northern China are winter varieties or strong winter varieties, which need some days of low temperature for dormancy. While in southern China, the winter wheat is spring or half winter varieties and can grow slowly during winter, thus, they would be affected slightly when winter temperature increases. The results of this study may have important implications for adaptation measures.

A Newly Discovered Oil-bearing Mesoproterozoic Erathem within the Niu D1 Well, Liaoxi Depression, Yanliao Faulted Depression Zone, NE China

Objective The Yanshan Fold Belt is located within the northern margin of the North China platform and contains welldeveloped and widespread Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units with a total thickness of up to 9000 m.Previous studies identified many oil seedlings as well as asphalt and ancient hydrocarbon reservoirs in Northern Hebei depression and western Liaoning depression.This research indicates that the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic sedimentary units are ideally suited for the formation of significant oil and gas resources.The Niu D1 well was drilled by the China Geological Survey(CGS)in the Niuyingzi area and intercepted oil immersions and oil-and gas-bearing units within a limestone reservoir in the middle Proterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation(Fig.1).This study presents new biomarker compound and carbon isotope data that indicate that the oil within this formation was derived from hydrocarbon source rocks of the Hongshuizhuang Formation,part of the Mesoproterozoic Jixian Series,and the reservoir type is overthrust fault fractured anticline hydrocarbon reservoir.The oil reservoir within the Gaoyuzhuang Formation limestone might represent the oldest oil reservoir discovered to date within the Yanliao faulted depression zone.

Prevalence and patterns of drug-resistance mutations among HIV-1 patients infected with CRF07_BC strains in Sichuan province,China

Little information is available on the prevalence of drug-resistance mutations in patients harboring the human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) circulating recombinant form(CRF)07_BC variant in Sichuan, China. This study examined 375 plasma samples from patients with HIV-1 who were infected with the CRF07_BC strain, including 104 drug-naive participants and 271 in whom antiretroviral therapy(ART) had failed. Only one participant in the drug-naive group had a drug-resistance mutation(M46L), compared with 31.73% of those in whom ART had failed. Further analysis showed that 19.56% of strains contained mutations conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs) alone, 0.74% were resistant to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs) alone, and 11.44% were dual-resistant to both NRTIs and NNRTIs. The most common mutation in the ART-failure group was M184V(35.88%), K103N(45.01%), Y181C(17.33%), and G190S/A(15.88%). The percentages of HIV-1 strains resistant to lamivudine, emtricitabine, efavirenz, etravirine, and nevirapine were 10.70%, 10.70%, 28.04%, 7.75%, and 26.20%, respectively. To explore site variants possibly related to drug resistance, variations in the ancestor/consensus CRF07_BC sequences from the therapy-naive and ART-failure groups were compared, and seven mutations at six positions were identified as being significantly differently distributed between the two groups(p<0.05). Detailed sequence data will provide information on CRF07_BC genetic characterizations, and improve our understanding of antiretroviral susceptibility and the evolution of drug-resistance mutations. This will be valuable in developing and implementing local public-health approaches for HIV drug-resistance prevention and treatment.

OFD1 mutation induced renal failure and polycystic kidney disease in a pair of childhood male twins in China

BACKGROUND Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1(OFD1) is a rare ciliopathy mainly with an Xlinked dominant pattern of inheritance, which is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. The OFD1 protein is located within the centrosomes and basal bodies of the primary cilia. It is reported that approximately 15%–50% cases of OFD1 progress to end-stage renal disease(ESRD) following development of polycystic kidney diseases(PKD). Here we report a pair of childhood male twins who presented only renal failure and PKD caused by an OFD1 mutation in China.CASE SUMMARY A pair of 14-year male twins were hospitalized with a complaint of abnormal renal function for nine days. They both complained of ankle pain for 3 mo vs 2 wk, respectively. They denied fever, abdominal pain, daytime or nighttime enuresis, urgency, dysuria, or gross hematuria. Laboratory tests at a local hospital showed renal failure(serum creatinine 485 μmol/L vs 442 μmol/L, blood urea nitrogen 14.7 mol/L vs 14.5 mol/L) and anemia(hemoglobin 88 g/L vs 98 g/L).The twins are monozygotic. There was no abnormal birth, past medical, or family history. Clinical data were analyzed and genetic analysis on PKD was carried out in the twins by next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the twins presented low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hyposthenuria, anemia, renal failure, and renal polycystic changes. Genetic tests showed that the twins both carried a hemizygous mutation in exon 19 c.2524 G>A(p. G842 R) of the OFD1 gene. Their mother heterozygously carried the same mutation as the twins but was without any phenotypes while their father was normal.CONCLUSION We have reported a pair of childhood male twins with an OFD1 mutation who presented ESRD and PKD but without any other phenotypes of OFD1 in China.

Characterization of Class 1 Integron Gene Cassettes among Clinical Bacteria Isolated from One Large Hospital in Northern China

The class 1 integron and complex gene cassettes among different species of clinical isolates in northern China were characterized in this study. 383 clinical isolates were obtained from northern China, and class 1 integrons containing gene cassettes widely distributed among gram negative clinical isolates was observed. We find that the class 1 integron showed positive correlation with multidrug resistance phenotype of gram negative bacteria. In addition, we find that isolates belonged to one species harbored different types of gene cassette arrays, while same types of gene cassette arrays were observed in different species of isolates. The diversity of gene cassette arrays among the isolates indicated the complexity of multidrug resistance in clinical isolates in northern China.

The 1st International Conference on Datadriven Knowledge Discovery:When Data Science Meets Information Science.June 19–22,2016,Beijing·China

The 1st International Conference on Data-driven Knowledge Discovery： When Data Science Meets Information Science took place at the National Science Library （NSL）, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） in Beijing from June 19 till June 22, 2016. The Conference was opened by NSL Director Xiangyang Huang, who placed the event within the goals of the Library, and lauded the spirit of intemational collaboration in the area of data science and knowledge discovery. The whole event was an encouraging success with over 370 registered participants and highly enlightening presentations. The Conference was organized by the Journal of Data andlnformation Science （JDIS） to bring the Joumal to the attention of an international and local audience.

Microscopic characteristics and geological significance of tight dolomite in well Xike-1,Xisha Islands,China

A recent study suggests that the deep dolomites in well Xike-1 located more than 1000 m deep have a very low porosity,and no permeability for most of the samples.Given that the largest oil and gas fields in the South China Sea are all composed of biohermal dolomites while the deep dolomites of Xike-1 serve as the caprock formations rather than the reservoirs,this represents the first discovery and is of great theoretical importance.In this paper,core photos of the tight dolomites are presented.Hand specimens description and systematic porosity-permeability reveal a very low porosity,and no permeability for most of the samples.PLM,SEM and XRPD analysis discovered that the dolostones in the deep tight dolomites are quite large in size and euhedral or subhedral in shape.Alizarin red-stained sections are mostly pink in color and have a full coverage,which are considered as evidence for multiple calcite intrusions after the formation of ankerite dolomites.Biological relict textures are developed.The order degree is medium to low.The dolomites could be the product of penecontemporaneous dolomitization.

Escherichia coli Producing CTX-M and DHA-1 Beta-lactamases in Farm Animals in Chongqing City of China

Aim of this study was to investigate the genotypic distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC enzymes among Escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in Chongqing City. 326 E.coli isolates were obtained from piglets,cattle and chickens.In these isolates,19 ESBLs and 6 AmpC-producing E.coli isolates were detected by preliminary screening and phenotypic identification, and polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis methods were used to detect ESBLs and AmpCβ-lactamases genes.The results showed that the frequencies of TEM,CTX-M,DHA-1 and CMY-2 genes were 2.15%,5.21%,0.61%and 0.61%,respectively,in E.coli of animal origin in the Chongqing area,and 5 E.coli isolates were found to carry two kinds of genotype.The DHA-1 gene was detected for the first time in a veterinary clinic in China;its GenBank accession number is FJ386455.This study indicated that TEM and CTX-M genes were the predominant genotypes in Chongqing,and the majority of ESBLs and AmpC-producing E.coli isolates were multi-resistant to antibiotics,so they deserve particular attention in veterinary clinics.

Differential interformational velocity analysis as an effective direct hydrocarbon indicator under velocity reversal conditions,an example from the anomalously high temperature and over-pressured DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.

华南型黄瓜新品种中农脆绿1号的选育

中农脆绿1号是以雌性系171054为母本,以自交系17905为父本配制而成的华南型黄瓜一代杂种。该品种为雌性系,植株生长势强,分枝性较强,耐低温弱光性好。商品瓜圆筒形,瓜把短,刺瘤中等大小,无棱,白刺稀疏,瓜色花绿,平均瓜长17.0 cm,横径3.7 cm,心腔小,果肉淡绿色。高抗CMV,抗WMV、褐斑病,中抗白粉病、枯萎病,早熟,每667 m^(2)产量7 000~10 000 kg,适宜日光温室和春、秋大棚栽培。

China Receives Images From SuperView-1

Launched on December 28,2016,the Super View-1 satellite has operated for over 70 days at an altitude of 530km.The initial results of in-orbit commissioning show that the images from the Super View-1 satellite are clear with radiation resolution reaching 11 bits pixel.The geospatial positioning accuracy without ground control pointing is5-8 m,the elevation relative accuracy is1 m.The maximum single scene can be60 km×70 km,enabling some 900。

Lack of association between cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes(GREG)polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in the Han population of North China

Objectives Phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells(SMCs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions such as coronary artery disease (CAD).Accumulating evidence demonstrates(hat a cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes(CREG) plays a role in the maintenance of the mature phenotype of vascular SMCs. The purpose of the present study was to assess the possible association between CREG and CAD in the Han population of North China.Methods The promoter region of CREG by direct sequencing was conducted in 48 subjects.Then SNP rs2995073 and another 4 tagSNPs(rs4657669,rs3767443, rsl6859185,rs3753921) were selected for the association study.All five selected SNPs were determined in 1161 patients with angiographically proven CAD and 960 controls with normal coronary angiograms to investigate the possible involvement of CREG in CAD.Results Genotype frequencies of the five examined polymorphisms were similarly distributed between CAD group and controls(P】0.05).Further haplotype analysis also found no significant differences in the distributions between CAD group and controls(P】0.05). Conclusions This study did not show an association between common variants of CREG and CAD in the northern Chinese Han population.

Identification and virulence test of a new pathogen that causes verticillium striping on rapeseed in northwestern China

Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of Qinghai Province,China,and fungal isolates were obtained from the stems.They were identified based on morphology,molecular features and specific PCR detection.The results showed that the 10 fungal isolates belonged to Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/D3.One of the 10 isolates(HW7-1)was tested for virulence on three species of rapeseed,including B.napus Zhongshuang 9,B.rapa Qingyou 9 and B.juncea Tayou 2 by conidia inoculation of HW7-1 on roots of young seedlings.Control seedlings were inoculated with V.dahliae conidia or water alone.The seedlings of these treatments were transplanted in culture mix and incubated in a growth chamber(20℃).Results suggested that the control seedlings of three cultivars appeared quite healthy,while the seedlings inoculated with HW7-1 turned yellowing leaves,seedling stunting or even death after 22 days post-inoculation.V.longisporum was re-isolated from he yellow leaves,thus fulfilling Koch's postulates.Moreover,compared to the control treatments,inoculation with HW7-1 caused flowering delay and seed yield reduction on Tayou 2 with production of microsclerotia on the stems.To our knowledge,this is the first report of V.longisporum lineage A1/D3 on rapeseed in northwestern China.