Meta-analysis of the efficacy of volar plate internal fixation versus closed reduction and external fixation in the treatment of adult distal radius fractures

Objective:To compare the efficacy of open reduction and volar locking plate internal fixation with closed reduction and external fixation in the treatment of distal radius fractures by using meta analysis.Methods:The databases of CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,Chinese biomedical literature,Pubmed,Embase,and Cochrane Library were retrieved,and the randomized controlled studies that directly compared the efficacy of plate internal fixation and closed reduction external fixation in the treatment of distal radius fractures published publicly from the establishment of the database to April 2023 were collected.The two researchers independently screened the retrieved literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data,used Cochrane risk bias assessment tool for quality assessment,and used RevMan 5.4 software for meta analysis.Results:A total of 10 randomized controlled trials were included,all of which were in English.There were 1042 patients in total,and 9 of them were rated as low risk.Meta analysis results showed that one year after the treatment of distal radius fracture with volar locking plate internal fixation,DASH score[MD=-5.64,95%CI(-7.21,-4.06),P<0.00001];One year later,PRWE score[MD=-5.90,95%CI(-8.88,-2.92),P=0.001];Palm flexion[MD=5.92,95%CI(1.29,10.55),P=0.01];Pronation[MD=2.48,95%CI(0.59,4.36),P=0.01];Postrotation[MD=4.73,95%CI(2.15,7.31),P=0.0003];Grip strength[MD=0.61,95%CI(0.12,1.10),P=0.02];palmar tilt angle[MD=9.84,95%CI(5.66,14.02),P<0.00001];Radial inclination[MD=4.33,95%CI(2.97,5.69),P<0.00001]was superior to closed reduction plaster or splint external fixation.One year later,the European Five dimensional Health Scale(EQ-5D-5L)score[MD=0.02,95%CI(-0.01,0.05),P=0.27];Back extension[MD=2.22,95%CI(-4.15,8.59),P=0.49];Ulnar deviation[MD=3.49,95%CI(-0.80,7.78),P=0.11];Radial deviation[MD=2.05,95%CI(-2.39,6.50),P=0.37];Ulnar variance[MD=-1.14,95%CI(-3.16,0.88),P=0.27];There was no significant difference in complications[MD=0.77,95%CI(0.54,1.10),P=0.16](P>0.05).Conclusion:Based on the current clinical data,internal fixation with volar locking plate is more conducive to mid-term DASH score and grip strength recovery than closed reduction plaster or splint external fixation,but there is no significant difference in the quality of life and complications of patients.For adult distal radius fractures,surgical indications should be carefully grasped,and non operative treatment should be given priority.

Four Pins Assisted Reduction of Complex Segmental Femoral Fractures: a Technique for Closed Reduction

Complex segmental femoral fractures are usually not amenable to closed reduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a series of patients who had undergone four pins assisted reduc- tion and intramedullary nail fixation to determine the therapeutic effect of this closed reduction tech- nique. Between December 2010 and January 2013, 15 consecutive patients with segmental femoral fractures were treated with four pins assisted reduction at our hospital. The patient was placed in a supine position on a radiolucent fracture table and a. gentle traction was attempted on the limb. Usu- ally, the proximal fracture segment exhibited the typical deformity of flexion, external rotation, and abduction, the middle segment exhibited adduction and distal fracture segment exhibited flexion. Four Schanz pins were placed percutaneously to fix one cortex and did not penetrate into the me- dullary cavity, and the ＂T＂ sharp handles were fixed on the Schanz pins. The fragments were then re- duced by reversing the deforming forces for segmental fractures by two assistants~ And then, the re- duction could be easily achieved and intramedullary nail fixation was performed. Radiographs were evaluated for the quality of the reduction and fracture union. Closed reduction was achieved in all pa- tients using the four pins technology. All 15 fractures united uneventfully. No patient had a rotational malunion or limb length discrepancy at the time of the last follow-up. Thirteen of the fifteen （86.7%） patients had anatomic reduction and two of them （13.3%） had minor varus alignment of 3° and 5°. Knee stiffness was Observed in 2 patients and no implant failure was observed. Surgical treatment of complex segmental femoral fractures With four pins assisted reduction and intramedullary nail fixation techniques can result in excellent reductions and a high union rate.

Modified Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Kirschner Wires Internal Fixation for Treatment of Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children

Objective Supracondylar humerus fractures are the most frequent fractures of the paediatric elbow.The present study introduced a modified surgical procedure for treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in children.Methods From February 2015 to August 2019,73 patients with Gartland’s type II and III supracondylar fractures were treated with this modified method.Totally,68 of all patients were followed up for 3–12 months(mean 8.25 months).The evaluation results included fracture nonunion,ulnar nerve injury,pin track infection,carrying angle and elbow joint Flynn score.Results The results showed that bone union was observed in all children,one case had an iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury,and the symptoms were completely relieved in 4 months after removing of the medial-side pin.All children had no cubitus varus deformity and no pin track infection,and the rate of satisfactory results according to Flynn’s criteria score was 100%.Conclusion The modified closed reduction and Kirschner wires internal fixation could effectively reduce the rate of open reduction,the risk of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury,and the incidence of cubitus varus deformity in treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in children.

Closed reduction of hip dislocation associated with ipsilateral lower extremity fractures:A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Traumatic hip dislocation usually occurs following high-velocity trauma.It is imperative that the dislocation be reduced in a timely manner,especially in a closed manner,as an orthopedic emergency.However,closed reduction can hardly be achieved in patients who also have ipsilateral lower extremity fractures.Herein,we focus on hip dislocation associated with ipsilateral lower extremity fractures,excluding intracapsular fractures(femoral head and neck fractures),present an early closed hip joint reduction method for this injury pattern,and review the literature to discuss the appropriate closed reduction technique for this rare injury pattern.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 37-year-old male who sustained a left acetabular posterior wall fracture,an ipsilateral comminuted subtrochanteric fracture and dislocation of the hip.The hip dislocation was reduced urgently in a closed manner using the joy-stick technique with a T-shaped Schanz screw.The fractures were reduced and fixed as a 2nd-stage surgery procedure.At the 17-month postoperative follow-up,the patient had full range of motion of the affected hip.CONCLUSION Closed reduction of a hip dislocation associated with ipsilateral lower extremity fractures is rarely achieved by regular maneuvers.Attempts at closed reduction,by means of indirectly controlling the proximal fracture fragment or reconstructing the femoral leverage rapidly with the aid of various external reduction apparatuses,were shown to be effective in some scenarios.Mandatory open reduction is indicated in cases of failed closed reduction,particularly in irreducible dislocations.

Closed reduction external fixator fixation versus open reduction internal fixation in the patients with Bennett fracture dislocation

Background The Bennett fracture is either a common or a challenging problem to hand surgeons.It is still debated whether closed or open reduction gives optimal results.This study aimed to describe and assess a closed reduction and mini-external fixator fixation technique for the treatment of Bennett＇s fracture dislocation and to compare this technique versus open reduction and internal fixation.Methods From October 2002 to December 2012,56 patients with Bennett＇s fracture dislocation were treated by closed reduction and mini-external fixator fixation and 32 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation in Jishuitan Hospital.Patients with an articular step-off of more than 1 mm were excluded.All patients were assessed at a mean followup of 7 years （range 2-10 years） and the two groups were compared with pain levels,active range of trapeziometacarpal motion,grip strength and pinch strength,arthritic changes,and adduction deformity.Results Based on primary closed reduction maintained,the rate of anatomic reduction is 63.6％.Radiographic fracture union was achieved in all patients at a mean time of 5 weeks.At the final follow-up,there was no difference between the two groups in mean union time and pain levels （P=-0.2）.There was also no difference between the two groups regarding the active range of trapeziometacarpal motion （P=0.3）,grip stength （P=0.6）,pinch strength （P=0.2）,arthritic change and loss of reduction （P=0.2）.There was a significant correlation between adduction deformity and the development of arthritis （P=0.02）.Conclusion Closed reduction mini-external fixator fixation should be first tried to apply in the treatment of Bennett＇s fracture dislocation,and open reduction internal fixation should only be performed for irreducible fractures.

CLOSED REDUCTION AND PERCUTANEOUS K-WIRES FIXATION OF DISPLACED SUPRACONDYLAR HUMERUS FRACTURES IN CHILDREN

To observe the effects of closed reduction and percutaneous K wires fixation of displacd supracondylar humerus fracture in children MethodsRetrospective review of fourteen patients who sustained displaced supracondylar fracture of distal humerus treated by closed reduction and percutaneous K wires fixation Results. All patients’ K wires were removed at 4 weeks post operation Their elbow function regained at 8 weeks The average period of followed up was 10 month (varies from 6 to 18 month), all fractures healed very well without any permanent complications Two transient nerves palsy,ulnar and radial nerve each, recovered completely at 12 weeks and 16 weeks post operation respectively Conclusion. Closed reduction and percutaneous K wires fixation is a safe and efficient treatment for displaced humerus surpracondylar fracture in children

Simple lateral elbow dislocation:A case report

BACKGROUND Simple lateral elbow dislocation(SLED)is a rare type of elbow dislocation;however,its treatment may be complicated by accompanying soft tissue or neurovascular damage.Herein,we report a rare case of SLED managed secondarily with open reduction and soft tissue repair following failure of closed reduction.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old woman suffered SLED after falling on her outstretched left hand with her elbow extended.She developed pain,swelling,and movement restriction in the elbow;there were no neurovascular symptoms,except for numbness in the 4th and 5th digits.Radiologic investigation confirmed the SLED,and a closed reduction under anesthesia was performed.The follow-up radiographs at 1-wk revealed failure of reduction;accordingly,open reduction with lateral collateral ligament and common extensor origin repair were carried out.The patient regained full elbow range of motion by six weeks.CONCLUSION Adequate concentric reduction for SLED,conservatively or surgically,reduces complications and provides a more functional joint.

Lunate dislocation with avulsed triquetral fracture: A case report

BACKGROUND Lunate dislocation is an uncommon traumatic wrist injury that require prompt surgical management.Misdiagnosis or delayed treatment often leads to a poor outcome.Open reduction and surgical repair of disrupted ligaments are done in most cases to prevent long-term joint dysfunction.However,this method has certain limitations that include partial functional improvement,which poses a high risk for degenerative arthritis and wrist instability.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department of our hospital following a motorcycle accident.Physical examination revealed swelling and tenderness of the right hand and wrist.The patient was initially misdiagnosed with a wrist contusion by an emergency physician,but was eventually diagnosed with lunate dislocation associated with a triquetral avulsed fracture,indicated for open reduction and ligament repair.We performed closed reduction and two Kirschner wire fixations following Tavernier’s method.The injured hand was protected with a standard short-arm orthosis for one month.The patient returned to normal daily work without discomfort at five months postoperatively.Encouragingly,there was no lunate necrosis or arthritis in the latest radiologic examinations.CONCLUSION This case provides evidence that the closed reduction technique for addressing such cases can reduce soft tissue destruction.

Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Trauma in Pediatric and Adolescent Population: An Institutional Experience of 6 Years

Introduction: Facial fractures are uncommon injuries in children. Pediatric maxillofacial fractures constitute 1% to 15% of all facial fractures, but show different clinical features when compared with adult patients. Worldwide, the major causes of fractures in children are accidents, falls, violence, and sports- related accidents. Facial trauma in children may result in injury to the facial growth centers, leading to subsequent developmental abnormalities in the injured area. Patients & Methods: Data of pediatric and adolescent patients (0 - 17 years), with a history of trauma, has been compiled over a period of 6 years. History, clinical and radiographic data records were analyzed. Compilation was done in the following categories;age and sex distribution, etiology, site of trauma and associated soft tissue injuries were recorded. The treatment rendered has also been mentioned. Results: A total of 340 patient records were assessed. Demographic data, etiology, type of fracture, associated injury and treatment rendered were recorded. It was found that males (54.7%) were more frequently affected than females (45.3%). Incidence of trauma was more in children belonging to the pre-school age group (38.5%) and the most common etiology was sports-related injuries (43.8%). Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common type (58.5%) of fractures seen in the patients. Most of the patients were managed by conservative treatment (35%) or closed reduction (48%), while a few required open reduction (7.9%). Conclusion: It is felt that this data will be useful in determining the pattern and etiology of maxillofacial trauma in pediatric patients in an Indian setting. Additionally, an outline of the treatment plan in different types of fractures is also summarized.

Diagnosis,treatment and complications of radial head and neck fractures in the pediatric patient

Radial head and neck fractures represent up to 14%of all pediatric elbow fractures and can be a difficult challenge in the pediatric patient.In up to 39%of proximal radius fractures,there is a concomitant fracture,which can easily be overlooked on the initial standard radiographs.The treatment options for proximal radius fractures in children range from non-surgical treatment,such as immobilization alone and closed reduction followed by immobilization,to more invasive options,including closed reduction with percutaneous pinning and open reduction with internal fixation.The choice of treatment depends on the degree of angulation and displacement of the fracture and the age of the patient;an angulation of less than 30 degrees and translation of less than 50%is generally accepted,whereas a higher degree of displacement is considered an indication for surgical intervention.Fractures with limited displacement and non-surgical treatment generally result in superior outcomes in terms of patient-reported outcome measures,range of motion and complications compared to severely displaced fractures requiring surgical intervention.With proper management,good to excellent results are achieved in most cases,and long-term sequelae are rare.However,severe complications do occur,including radio-ulnar synostosis,osteonecrosis,rotational impairment,and premature physeal closure with a malformation of the radial head as a result,especially after more invasive procedures.Adequate follow-up is therefore warranted.

ALGORITHM OF PRETREATMENT ON AUTOMOBILE BODY POINT CLOUD

As point cloud of one whole vehicle body has the traits of large geometric dimension, huge data and rigorous reverse precision, one pretreatment algorithm on automobile body point cloud is put forward. The basic idea of the registration algorithm based on the skeleton points is to construct the skeleton points of the whole vehicle model and the mark points of the separate point cloud, to search the mapped relationship between skeleton points and mark points using congruence triangle method and to match the whole vehicle point cloud using the improved iterative closed point （ICP） algorithm. The data reduction algorithm, based on average square root of distance, condenses data by three steps, computing datasets＇ average square root of distance in sampling cube grid, sorting order according to the value computed from the first step, choosing sampling percentage. The accuracy of the two algorithms above is proved by a registration and reduction example of whole vehicle point cloud of a certain light truck.

Treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with L trapezoid compression plate and its mechanical principles

Objective: To improve the results of the treatment of unstable types of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur (ITFF) by internal fixation. Methods: A L trapezoid compression plate system (L TCP) was designed and compared to the AO/ASIF angle plates of 95° and 130° (L AP) with mechanical tests. An Evans Type Ⅲ model was made, the simulation electrical test with loading on single and both legs were done. The results demonstrated that the stability of the L TCP fixation was significantly greater, and the stress concentration at the upper screw hole was relevantly smaller than that of L AP. From June 1986 to June 1998, 82 patients of ITFF were treated with L TCP fixation. The average age was 67.4 years old (26 91). Seventy four of those fractures were unstable. Fifty eight patients were treated with open reduction, and 24 cases were treated by closed reduction and limited open (only lateral aspect of upper femur was exposed) fixation with L TCP under X ray monitoring. Results: Sixty six patients were followed up for 6 69 months. Complications, including 3 wound infection, 1 non union, 3 coxa varus and 2 implant breakage (9 complications of 7 cases), all occurred in the open reduction group. No complication was found in the closed reduction group. Conclusions: In the treatment of ITFF, the results of closed reduction and limited open fixation with L TCP is significantly better than that of open reduction and fully exposed fixation.