●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in spe...●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in specific pathogen free environment as the control group(n=10),and the rats fed in dry environment as the dryness group(n=10).After 24d,lacrimal glands were collected from the rats.The tissues morphology was observed by hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Tandem mass tags(TMT)quantitative proteomics analysis technology was used to screen the differential expressed proteins of lacrimal glands between the two groups,then bioinformatics analysis was performed.Further,the immunohistochemical(IHC)method was used to verify the target proteins.●RESULTS:In dryness group,the lacrimal glands lobule atrophied,the glandular cavities enlarged,the sparse nuclear distribution and scattered inflammatory infiltration between the acinus were observed.The proteomics exhibited that a total of 195 up-regulated and 236 downregulated differential expressed proteins screened from the lacrimal glands of rats.It was indicated that the biological processes(BP)of differential expressed proteins mainly included cell processes and single BP.The cellular compositions of differential expressed proteins mainly located in cells,organelles.The molecular functions of differential expressed proteins mainly included binding,catalytic activity.Moreover,the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that the differential expressed proteins mainly involved lysosome,complement and coagulation cascade,and ribosome pathway.The IHC result verified that the up-regulated expression proteins of Protein S100A9(S100A9),Annexin A1(Anxa1),and Clusterin(Clu)in lacrimal glands of rats in dryness group were higher than control group.●CONCLUSION:The up-regulated expression proteins of S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu may be the potential mechanisms of dry eye symptoms caused by dry environment.This study provides clues of dry environments causing eye-related diseases for further studies.展开更多
By analyzing Chandra X-ray data of a sample of 21 galaxy groups and 19 galaxy clusters, we find that in 31 sample systems there exists a significant central （R ≤ 10 h^-171 kpc） gas entropy excess （AK0）, which cor...By analyzing Chandra X-ray data of a sample of 21 galaxy groups and 19 galaxy clusters, we find that in 31 sample systems there exists a significant central （R ≤ 10 h^-171 kpc） gas entropy excess （AK0）, which corresponds to = 0.1 - 0.5 keV per gas particle, beyond the power-law model that best fits the radial entropy profile of the outer regions. We also find a distinct correlation between the central entropy excess △K0 and K-band luminosity LK of the central dominating galaxies （CDGs）, which is scaled as △K0 ∝ L K 1.6±04, where LK is tightly associated with the mass of the supermassive black hole hosted in the CDG. In fact, if an effective mass-to-energy conversionefficiency of 0.02 is assumed for the accretion process, the cumulative AGN feedback E AGN feedack=ηMBHc2 yields an extra heating of = 0.5 - 17.0keV per particle, which feedback is sufficient to explain the central entropy excess. In most cases, the AGN contribution can compensate the radiative loss of the X-ray gas within the cooling radius （= 0.002 - 2.2 keV per particle）, and apparently exceeds the energy required to cause the scaling relations to deviate from the self-similar predictions （=0.2 - 1.0 keV per particle）. In contrast to the AGN feedback, the extra heating provided by supernova explosions accounts for = 0.01 - 0.08 keV per particle in groups and is almost negligible in clusters. Therefore, the observed correlation between △K0 and Lx can be considered as direct evidence for AGN feedback in galaxy groups and clusters.展开更多
In this paper we study some van den Bergh open clusters combining photometry and astrometry. A model which analyses the proper motion distribution and the stellar density is applied to find the kinematic parameters an...In this paper we study some van den Bergh open clusters combining photometry and astrometry. A model which analyses the proper motion distribution and the stellar density is applied to find the kinematic parameters and stellar membership in the region of the open clusters vdB92, vdB146 (NGC 7129) and vdB150. The astrometric data are obtained from UCAC4 catalogue. The centre coordinates, the components of mean proper motion, the angular diameter and the astrometric members are reported, taking the following values: for vdB92: α=105.97281°±0.13113°, δ=−11.57814°±0.10575°,?μαcosδ=−3.46±0.19mas/yr,μδ=1.27±0.19mas/yr, 34', 60 members;for vdB146: α=325.78423°±0.15297°, δ=66.13575°±0.02907°, μαcosδ=−2.71±0.25mas/yr, μδ=−3.32±0.25mas/yr, 9', 5 members;and for vdB150: α=332.22519°±0.06074°, δ=73.40232°±0.0.07789°, μαcosδ=3.07±0.90mas/yr, μδ=4.65±0.90mas/yr, 15', 7 members. The incidence of the proper motion errors in the determination of the cluster parameters and of the stellar membership is analysed and it is found that they do not significantly change. We finally compare the astrometric members with the photometric ones given in the literature.展开更多
17 indices are selected,such as the growth rate of total regional output value,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,per capita financial expenditure,and soil erosion rate of Guizhou Province in 2009.According to...17 indices are selected,such as the growth rate of total regional output value,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,per capita financial expenditure,and soil erosion rate of Guizhou Province in 2009.According to the relevant indices data of statistical yearbook and governmental website,by using the method of factor analysis and the method of cluster analysis,we assess the competitiveness of county economy in 88 counties of Guizhou Province.The results show that the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province is impacted by factors of location and economic foundation.In addition,the resources environment,economic structure,economic developmental speed and other factors also impact the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province.Based on these,in the light of the developmental characteristics of different counties in conjunction with different developmental advantages in different regions,we should adopt different developmental strategies according to local conditions,which is significant to rapid,healthy and sustainable development of county economy in Guizhou Province.展开更多
By using climate data in national stations in Xiji County,Ningxia during 1981 and 2020,a regression analysis was carried out on weather data in crop growth season in three automatic weather stations in Hulu River Vall...By using climate data in national stations in Xiji County,Ningxia during 1981 and 2020,a regression analysis was carried out on weather data in crop growth season in three automatic weather stations in Hulu River Valley. The results showed that celery belts of Hulu River Valley was divided into two groups: early-maturing region of south Xinglong-Xiaohe where is warm and rainy,serotinous region of north Jiqiang-Xinying where is warm and cold and rainless. Four subregions: Xinlong,Xiaohe,Jiqiang,Xinying. Each sub-region was divided into five regions according to climate layer and observation in growth season: temperature accumulating planting period,low temperature seedling period,suitable temperature for external leaf growth stage,high-temperature for celery mulching-sanded plantation in different sowing periods, water and fertilizer,insect prevention,time to market sales.展开更多
Based on 10 years of statistics concerning economic development in Xi'an as the main part of Guanzhong- Tianshui Economic Zone, this article builds the main indicator system to reflect economic development. Using ...Based on 10 years of statistics concerning economic development in Xi'an as the main part of Guanzhong- Tianshui Economic Zone, this article builds the main indicator system to reflect economic development. Using two mathematical methods( principal component analysis and cluster analysis),we carry out comprehensive evaluation analysis of the main economic indicators,point out the distribution differences in the economic development level in this region,and make classification,in order to provide a scientific basis for the decision- making body to lay down the relevant economic development strategies in accordance with the economic development level and geographical location.展开更多
We propose a consistency test for some recent X-ray gas mass fraction （fgas） measurements in galaxy clusters, using the cosmic distance-duality relation, Ttneory = DL（1 ＋ Z）-2/DA, with luminosity distance （DL） ...We propose a consistency test for some recent X-ray gas mass fraction （fgas） measurements in galaxy clusters, using the cosmic distance-duality relation, Ttneory = DL（1 ＋ Z）-2/DA, with luminosity distance （DL） data from the Union2 compilation of type Ia supernovae. We set Z/theory = 1, instead of assigning any red- shift parameterizations to it, and constrain the cosmological information preferred by fga8 data along with supernova observations. We adopt a new binning method in the reduction of the Union2 data, in order to minimize the statistical errors. Four data sets of X-ray gas mass fraction, which are reported by Allen et al. （two samples）, LaRoque et al. and Ettori et al., are analyzed in detail in the context of two theoretical models of fgas. The results from the analysis of Alien et al.＇s samples demonstrate the feasibility of our method. It is found that the preferred cosmology by LaRoque et al.＇s sample is consistent with its reference cosmology within the 1σ confidence level. However, for Ettori et al.＇s fgas sample, the inconsistency can reach more than a 3σ confidence level and this dataset shows special preference to an ΩA = 0 cosmology.展开更多
Two types of potentials are given in the present paper. The two potentials have Gaussian radial dependences. Such shapes of radial functions are suitable for using in the unitary scheme model. The first potential is g...Two types of potentials are given in the present paper. The two potentials have Gaussian radial dependences. Such shapes of radial functions are suitable for using in the unitary scheme model. The first potential is given in the form of an attractive force and the second is given in the form of a superposition of repulsive and attractive forces. The two potentials are used to calculate the binding energy of the carbon nucleus <sup>12</sup>C. For this purpose, we expand the ground-state wave function of carbon in a series of the bases of the unitary scheme model and apply the variational method. To calculate the necessary matrix elements required to obtain the binding energy of carbon, we factorized the unitary scheme model bases in the form of products of two wave functions: the first function represents the set of the A-4 nucleons and the second function represents the set of the last four nucleons by using the well-known four-body fractional parentage coefficients. Good results are obtained for the binding energy of <sup>12</sup>C by using the two potentials.展开更多
基金Supported by Regional Science Foundation Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82060827,No.82260891)The Key Discipline of Universities in the“14th Five-Year Plan”Autonomous Region-Traditional Chinese Medicine at Xinjiang Medical University.
文摘●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in specific pathogen free environment as the control group(n=10),and the rats fed in dry environment as the dryness group(n=10).After 24d,lacrimal glands were collected from the rats.The tissues morphology was observed by hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Tandem mass tags(TMT)quantitative proteomics analysis technology was used to screen the differential expressed proteins of lacrimal glands between the two groups,then bioinformatics analysis was performed.Further,the immunohistochemical(IHC)method was used to verify the target proteins.●RESULTS:In dryness group,the lacrimal glands lobule atrophied,the glandular cavities enlarged,the sparse nuclear distribution and scattered inflammatory infiltration between the acinus were observed.The proteomics exhibited that a total of 195 up-regulated and 236 downregulated differential expressed proteins screened from the lacrimal glands of rats.It was indicated that the biological processes(BP)of differential expressed proteins mainly included cell processes and single BP.The cellular compositions of differential expressed proteins mainly located in cells,organelles.The molecular functions of differential expressed proteins mainly included binding,catalytic activity.Moreover,the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that the differential expressed proteins mainly involved lysosome,complement and coagulation cascade,and ribosome pathway.The IHC result verified that the up-regulated expression proteins of Protein S100A9(S100A9),Annexin A1(Anxa1),and Clusterin(Clu)in lacrimal glands of rats in dryness group were higher than control group.●CONCLUSION:The up-regulated expression proteins of S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu may be the potential mechanisms of dry eye symptoms caused by dry environment.This study provides clues of dry environments causing eye-related diseases for further studies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10673008,10878001 and 10973010)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2009CB824900/2009CB24904)the Ministry of Education of China(the NCET Program)
文摘By analyzing Chandra X-ray data of a sample of 21 galaxy groups and 19 galaxy clusters, we find that in 31 sample systems there exists a significant central （R ≤ 10 h^-171 kpc） gas entropy excess （AK0）, which corresponds to = 0.1 - 0.5 keV per gas particle, beyond the power-law model that best fits the radial entropy profile of the outer regions. We also find a distinct correlation between the central entropy excess △K0 and K-band luminosity LK of the central dominating galaxies （CDGs）, which is scaled as △K0 ∝ L K 1.6±04, where LK is tightly associated with the mass of the supermassive black hole hosted in the CDG. In fact, if an effective mass-to-energy conversionefficiency of 0.02 is assumed for the accretion process, the cumulative AGN feedback E AGN feedack=ηMBHc2 yields an extra heating of = 0.5 - 17.0keV per particle, which feedback is sufficient to explain the central entropy excess. In most cases, the AGN contribution can compensate the radiative loss of the X-ray gas within the cooling radius （= 0.002 - 2.2 keV per particle）, and apparently exceeds the energy required to cause the scaling relations to deviate from the self-similar predictions （=0.2 - 1.0 keV per particle）. In contrast to the AGN feedback, the extra heating provided by supernova explosions accounts for = 0.01 - 0.08 keV per particle in groups and is almost negligible in clusters. Therefore, the observed correlation between △K0 and Lx can be considered as direct evidence for AGN feedback in galaxy groups and clusters.
文摘In this paper we study some van den Bergh open clusters combining photometry and astrometry. A model which analyses the proper motion distribution and the stellar density is applied to find the kinematic parameters and stellar membership in the region of the open clusters vdB92, vdB146 (NGC 7129) and vdB150. The astrometric data are obtained from UCAC4 catalogue. The centre coordinates, the components of mean proper motion, the angular diameter and the astrometric members are reported, taking the following values: for vdB92: α=105.97281°±0.13113°, δ=−11.57814°±0.10575°,?μαcosδ=−3.46±0.19mas/yr,μδ=1.27±0.19mas/yr, 34', 60 members;for vdB146: α=325.78423°±0.15297°, δ=66.13575°±0.02907°, μαcosδ=−2.71±0.25mas/yr, μδ=−3.32±0.25mas/yr, 9', 5 members;and for vdB150: α=332.22519°±0.06074°, δ=73.40232°±0.0.07789°, μαcosδ=3.07±0.90mas/yr, μδ=4.65±0.90mas/yr, 15', 7 members. The incidence of the proper motion errors in the determination of the cluster parameters and of the stellar membership is analysed and it is found that they do not significantly change. We finally compare the astrometric members with the photometric ones given in the literature.
基金Supported by Soft Science United Fund of Technology Department of Guizhou Province([2010]2LKC2015)Special Program of Humanities and Social Sciences of Technology Department of Guizhou Province(09ZX119)
文摘17 indices are selected,such as the growth rate of total regional output value,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,per capita financial expenditure,and soil erosion rate of Guizhou Province in 2009.According to the relevant indices data of statistical yearbook and governmental website,by using the method of factor analysis and the method of cluster analysis,we assess the competitiveness of county economy in 88 counties of Guizhou Province.The results show that the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province is impacted by factors of location and economic foundation.In addition,the resources environment,economic structure,economic developmental speed and other factors also impact the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province.Based on these,in the light of the developmental characteristics of different counties in conjunction with different developmental advantages in different regions,we should adopt different developmental strategies according to local conditions,which is significant to rapid,healthy and sustainable development of county economy in Guizhou Province.
基金Supported by"Celery Plantation Experiment"of Meteorological Science and Technology in 2011 in Ningxia Meteorological Bureau
文摘By using climate data in national stations in Xiji County,Ningxia during 1981 and 2020,a regression analysis was carried out on weather data in crop growth season in three automatic weather stations in Hulu River Valley. The results showed that celery belts of Hulu River Valley was divided into two groups: early-maturing region of south Xinglong-Xiaohe where is warm and rainy,serotinous region of north Jiqiang-Xinying where is warm and cold and rainless. Four subregions: Xinlong,Xiaohe,Jiqiang,Xinying. Each sub-region was divided into five regions according to climate layer and observation in growth season: temperature accumulating planting period,low temperature seedling period,suitable temperature for external leaf growth stage,high-temperature for celery mulching-sanded plantation in different sowing periods, water and fertilizer,insect prevention,time to market sales.
基金Shaanxi Natural Science Fundamental Research Foundation(2011JM1019)
文摘Based on 10 years of statistics concerning economic development in Xi'an as the main part of Guanzhong- Tianshui Economic Zone, this article builds the main indicator system to reflect economic development. Using two mathematical methods( principal component analysis and cluster analysis),we carry out comprehensive evaluation analysis of the main economic indicators,point out the distribution differences in the economic development level in this region,and make classification,in order to provide a scientific basis for the decision- making body to lay down the relevant economic development strategies in accordance with the economic development level and geographical location.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program Grant Nos. 2009CB824800 and 2012CB821804)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11033002 and 11173006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘We propose a consistency test for some recent X-ray gas mass fraction （fgas） measurements in galaxy clusters, using the cosmic distance-duality relation, Ttneory = DL（1 ＋ Z）-2/DA, with luminosity distance （DL） data from the Union2 compilation of type Ia supernovae. We set Z/theory = 1, instead of assigning any red- shift parameterizations to it, and constrain the cosmological information preferred by fga8 data along with supernova observations. We adopt a new binning method in the reduction of the Union2 data, in order to minimize the statistical errors. Four data sets of X-ray gas mass fraction, which are reported by Allen et al. （two samples）, LaRoque et al. and Ettori et al., are analyzed in detail in the context of two theoretical models of fgas. The results from the analysis of Alien et al.＇s samples demonstrate the feasibility of our method. It is found that the preferred cosmology by LaRoque et al.＇s sample is consistent with its reference cosmology within the 1σ confidence level. However, for Ettori et al.＇s fgas sample, the inconsistency can reach more than a 3σ confidence level and this dataset shows special preference to an ΩA = 0 cosmology.
文摘Two types of potentials are given in the present paper. The two potentials have Gaussian radial dependences. Such shapes of radial functions are suitable for using in the unitary scheme model. The first potential is given in the form of an attractive force and the second is given in the form of a superposition of repulsive and attractive forces. The two potentials are used to calculate the binding energy of the carbon nucleus <sup>12</sup>C. For this purpose, we expand the ground-state wave function of carbon in a series of the bases of the unitary scheme model and apply the variational method. To calculate the necessary matrix elements required to obtain the binding energy of carbon, we factorized the unitary scheme model bases in the form of products of two wave functions: the first function represents the set of the A-4 nucleons and the second function represents the set of the last four nucleons by using the well-known four-body fractional parentage coefficients. Good results are obtained for the binding energy of <sup>12</sup>C by using the two potentials.
