Compared with non-degradable materials,biodegradable biomaterials play an increasingly important role in the repairing of severe bone defects,and have attracted extensive attention from researchers.In the treatment of...Compared with non-degradable materials,biodegradable biomaterials play an increasingly important role in the repairing of severe bone defects,and have attracted extensive attention from researchers.In the treatment of bone defects,scaffolds made of biodegradable materials can provide a crawling bridge for new bone tissue in the gap and a platform for cells and growth factors to play a physiological role,which will eventually be degraded and absorbed in the body and be replaced by the new bone tissue.Traditional biodegradable materials include polymers,ceramics and metals,which have been used in bone defect repairing for many years.Although these materials have more or fewer shortcomings,they are still the cornerstone of our development of a new generation of degradable materials.With the rapid development of modern science and technology,in the 21 st century,more and more kinds of new biodegradable materials emerge in endlessly,such as new intelligent micro-nano materials and cell-based products.At the same time,there are many new fabrication technologies of improving biodegradable materials,such as modular fabrication,3 D and 4 D printing,interface reinforcement and nanotechnology.This review will introduce various kinds of biodegradable materials commonly used in bone defect repairing,especially the newly emerging materials and their fabrication technology in recent years,and look forward to the future research direction,hoping to provide researchers in the field with some inspiration and reference.展开更多
Objective:To prepare a bone repair material with certain mechanical strength and biological activity,this paper used calcium sulfate hemihydrate(CSH)powder compounded with calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2)powder to prepare a...Objective:To prepare a bone repair material with certain mechanical strength and biological activity,this paper used calcium sulfate hemihydrate(CSH)powder compounded with calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2)powder to prepare a bone repair scaffold material for physicochemical property characterization and testing.Methods:The physical and chemical properties and characterization of the dried and cured bone repair materials were determined by Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy;Universal material testing machine to determine the mechanical and mechanical strength of composite materials.Results:XRD showed that the structure of the composite material phase at 5%concentration was calcium sulfate hemihydrate and calcium hydroxide after hydration.The FT-IR and XRD analyses were consistent.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)results showed that calcium hydroxide was uniformly dispersed in the hemihydrate calcium sulfate material.0%,1%,5%,and 10%specimen groups had compressive strengths of 3.86±3.1,5.27±1.28,8.22±0.96,and 14.4±3.28 MPa.10%addition of calcium hydroxide significantly improved the mechanical strength of the composites,but also reduced the the porosity of the material.Conclusion:With the addition of calcium hydroxide,the CSH-Ca(OH)2 composite was improved in terms of mechanical material and is expected to be a new type of bone repair material.展开更多
背景:如何修复骨缺损一直以来是临床难题,中药有效成分在骨修复方面具有良好的生物活性与治疗效果,将中药有效成分与组织工程材料相结合在骨修复领域具有广阔的前景。不同中药有效成分与支架的组合在作用关系方面具有相似之处。目的:搜...背景:如何修复骨缺损一直以来是临床难题,中药有效成分在骨修复方面具有良好的生物活性与治疗效果,将中药有效成分与组织工程材料相结合在骨修复领域具有广阔的前景。不同中药有效成分与支架的组合在作用关系方面具有相似之处。目的:搜集常见的中药有效成分与支架材料组合的案例,基于七情配伍的启发将组织工程支架与中药有效成分类比为产生配伍关系的两类中药,以二者的作用关系为纲进行归纳总结。方法:检索1998年1月至2024年1月Pub Med和中国知网数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone defect,bone repair,bone tissue engineering,tissue engineering,scaffold”,中文检索词:“中药,中药有效成分,中药单体,骨组织工程,骨组织工程支架,支架,组织工程,骨缺损,骨修复”,最终纳入88篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:(1)组织工程支架材料与中药有效成分各自均在骨修复领域有广泛的运用,二者在成骨方面优势明显但仍有许多缺陷,许多研究致力于将二者制备成复合材料,希望通过二者间的相互作用发挥减毒增效作用。(2)一些药物与材料在成骨、抗菌、促血管生成方面能互相促进,增强原有的效果,受到传统方剂配伍观念的启发,文章将其归纳为“相须”关系,并举实例佐证。(3)一些药物能提高材料的强度,而某些材料能对负载于其上的药物实现缓释控释效果、增加载药量与稳定性,或是进行靶向递送,文章将这种单方面的提升效果归纳为“相使”关系。(4)一些中药与材料搭配使用能减少对方的毒副反应,文章将这种减毒关系归纳为“相畏相杀”。(5)文章得出了一个由七情配伍关系启发、基于作用关系分类的关于中药复合支架的全新视角,将中药传统观念引入组织工程领域,为后续复合支架的研究者提供新的研究思路,并在选材搭配方面提供一定的便利。展开更多
Minimally invasive injectable self-setting materials are useful for bone repairs and for bone tissue regeneration in situ. Due to the potential advantages of these materials, such as causing minimal tissue injury, nea...Minimally invasive injectable self-setting materials are useful for bone repairs and for bone tissue regeneration in situ. Due to the potential advantages of these materials, such as causing minimal tissue injury, nearly no influence on blood supply, easy operation and negligible postoperative pain, they have shown great promises and successes in clinical applications. It has been proposed that an ideal injectable bone repair material should have features similar to that of natural bones, in terms of both the microstructure and the composition, so that it not only provides adequate stimulus to facilitate cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation but also offers a satisfactory biological environment for new bone to grow at the implantation site. This article reviews the properties and applications of injectable bone repair materials, including those that are based on natural and synthetic polymers, calcium phosphate, calcium phosphate/ polymer composites and calcium sulfate, to orthopedics and bone tissue repairs, as well as the progress made in biomimetic fabrication of injectable bone repair materials.展开更多
Although calcium sulfate bone cements possess favorable characteristics of excellent clinical handling and osteoconductivity,the rapid degradation and poor bioactivity limit their wide applications.This study reports ...Although calcium sulfate bone cements possess favorable characteristics of excellent clinical handling and osteoconductivity,the rapid degradation and poor bioactivity limit their wide applications.This study reports a type of novel injectable and self-setting composite materials for bone defect repair.Magnesium substituted tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles(43.8±9.0 nm)and calcium sulfate hemihydrate micro-size particles(5–21μm)were mixed with a polyvinyl alcohol solution with optimal compositions to obtain the composite materials,which showed reasonable initial setting time(11.7–19.2 min)and suitable compressed strength(2.28–6.33 MPa).By utilizing magnesium powder as a porogen,macro-pores(>100μm)together with micro-pores were created in the final product after setting.In addition,MC3T3-E1 cells extended well and exhibited numerous lamellipodia and long filopodia when cultured with the composite materials,indicating that they had no cytotoxicity.The in vivo results indicated that the injectable composite materials could achieve bone defect repair,when implanted in beagle femoral condyle defects for 10 months.Our results show that the new injectable composite materials are biocompatible and biodegradable,which possess great potential for bone defect repair.展开更多
We prepared a cholesterol-conjugated chitosan(CHCS) material and evaluated its potential application as a bone tissue repair material by in vitro cell experiments. Cell proliferation, differentiation and morphology ...We prepared a cholesterol-conjugated chitosan(CHCS) material and evaluated its potential application as a bone tissue repair material by in vitro cell experiments. Cell proliferation, differentiation and morphology on CHCS membrane surfaces with different graft degrees were assessed in mouse pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 cells. The results indicate that CHCS materials could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells at low graft degrees, but the CHCS material with high graft degree inhibits the proliferation of cells in contrast to the pure chitosan membrane. However, the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 ceils on different CHCS membrane surface increased with in- creasing graft degrees of cholesterol. The area of cells stretched onto the surface of CHCS materials was larger than on the surface of CS materials, and more microfilaments and stress fibers in cells were observed on CHCS materials than on the pure chitosan material surface. After 7 d, the expression of related osteogenic marker genes, such as rum-related transcription factor 2(Runx2), osterix(OSX), osteocalcin(OCN), osteopontin(OPN), ALP and collagen I(COL-I) were all up-regulated in CHCS materials to different degrees compared to pure chitosan material, which in- dicated that the CHCS materials facilitated MC3T3-EI cell differentiation and maturation, Characterizing CHCS materials is useful in designing and developing strategies for bone tissue engineering.展开更多
It has been well recognized that the modification of biomaterials with appropriate bioactive peptides could further enhance their functions.Especially,it has been shown that peptide-modified bone repair materials coul...It has been well recognized that the modification of biomaterials with appropriate bioactive peptides could further enhance their functions.Especially,it has been shown that peptide-modified bone repair materials could promote new bone formation more efficiently compared with conventional ones.The purpose of this article is to give a general review of recent studies on bioactive peptide-modified materials for bone tissue repair.Firstly,the main peptides for inducing bone regeneration and commonly used methods to prepare peptide-modified bone repair materials are introduced.Then,current in vitro and in vivo research progress of peptide-modified composites used as potential bone repair materials are reviewed and discussed.Generally speaking,the recent related studies have fully suggested that the modification of bone repair materials with osteogenicrelated peptides provide promising strategies for the development of bioactive materials and substrates for enhanced bone regeneration and the therapy of bone tissue diseases.Furthermore,we have proposed some research trends in the conclusion and perspectives part.展开更多
背景:体外淋巴细胞增殖实验常用于检测医疗器械潜在的免疫原性,但在相关标准中均未给出详尽的浸提条件及作用剂量。目的:考察供试品不同浸提条件及作用剂量对体外人淋巴细胞增殖的影响,思考在选择体外淋巴细胞增殖实验条件时需考虑的因...背景:体外淋巴细胞增殖实验常用于检测医疗器械潜在的免疫原性,但在相关标准中均未给出详尽的浸提条件及作用剂量。目的:考察供试品不同浸提条件及作用剂量对体外人淋巴细胞增殖的影响,思考在选择体外淋巴细胞增殖实验条件时需考虑的因素。方法:实验检测同种骨修复材料与肝素修饰人工晶状体两种供试品,均分为以下12组:①实验组1:供试品24 h完全培养基(含体积分数10%胎牛血清的RPMI改良培养基)浸提液200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;②阴性对照组1:24 h完全培养基200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;③实验组2:供试品24 h完全培养基浸提液100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;④阴性对照组2:24 h完全培养基100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑤实验组3:供试品72 h RPMI改良培养基浸提液(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑥阴性对照组3:72 h RPMI改良培养基(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑦实验组4:供试品72 h RPMI改良培养基浸提液(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑧阴性对照组4:72 h RPMI改良培养基(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑨阳性对照组1:含10μg/mL植物血凝素M的完全培养基200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑩阳性对照组2:含10μg/mL植物血凝素M的完全培养基100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑪空白对照组1:250μL完全培养基;⑫空白对照组2:200μL完全培养基。培养3 d后,采用CCK-8法检测淋巴细胞增殖。结果与结论:①不同实验条件下,同种骨修复材料浸提液均可增强人淋巴细胞的活性,以RPMI改良培养基浸提72 h、浸提液与淋巴细胞悬液的体积比为4∶1的实验条件最为显著;肝素修饰人工晶状体在该条件下对淋巴细胞活性有明显的抑制作用,可能与浸提液中的肝素有关,但在完全培养基浸提24 h、浸提液与淋巴细胞悬液的体积比为4∶1的实验条件下对淋巴细胞活性有轻微的增强作用;②供试品不同浸提条件及作用剂量下,人体外淋巴细胞增殖实验结果可能会有较大差异,实验条件的选择需结合产品临床应用情况,也需考虑产品的固有特性。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11772226,81871777 and 81572154)the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(18PTLCSY00070,16ZXZNGX00130)grants awarded to Xiao-Song Gu by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730031 and L1924064)。
文摘Compared with non-degradable materials,biodegradable biomaterials play an increasingly important role in the repairing of severe bone defects,and have attracted extensive attention from researchers.In the treatment of bone defects,scaffolds made of biodegradable materials can provide a crawling bridge for new bone tissue in the gap and a platform for cells and growth factors to play a physiological role,which will eventually be degraded and absorbed in the body and be replaced by the new bone tissue.Traditional biodegradable materials include polymers,ceramics and metals,which have been used in bone defect repairing for many years.Although these materials have more or fewer shortcomings,they are still the cornerstone of our development of a new generation of degradable materials.With the rapid development of modern science and technology,in the 21 st century,more and more kinds of new biodegradable materials emerge in endlessly,such as new intelligent micro-nano materials and cell-based products.At the same time,there are many new fabrication technologies of improving biodegradable materials,such as modular fabrication,3 D and 4 D printing,interface reinforcement and nanotechnology.This review will introduce various kinds of biodegradable materials commonly used in bone defect repairing,especially the newly emerging materials and their fabrication technology in recent years,and look forward to the future research direction,hoping to provide researchers in the field with some inspiration and reference.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82060347)Postgraduate innovation research project of Hainan Medical College(No.HYYS2020-38)。
文摘Objective:To prepare a bone repair material with certain mechanical strength and biological activity,this paper used calcium sulfate hemihydrate(CSH)powder compounded with calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2)powder to prepare a bone repair scaffold material for physicochemical property characterization and testing.Methods:The physical and chemical properties and characterization of the dried and cured bone repair materials were determined by Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy;Universal material testing machine to determine the mechanical and mechanical strength of composite materials.Results:XRD showed that the structure of the composite material phase at 5%concentration was calcium sulfate hemihydrate and calcium hydroxide after hydration.The FT-IR and XRD analyses were consistent.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)results showed that calcium hydroxide was uniformly dispersed in the hemihydrate calcium sulfate material.0%,1%,5%,and 10%specimen groups had compressive strengths of 3.86±3.1,5.27±1.28,8.22±0.96,and 14.4±3.28 MPa.10%addition of calcium hydroxide significantly improved the mechanical strength of the composites,but also reduced the the porosity of the material.Conclusion:With the addition of calcium hydroxide,the CSH-Ca(OH)2 composite was improved in terms of mechanical material and is expected to be a new type of bone repair material.
文摘背景:如何修复骨缺损一直以来是临床难题,中药有效成分在骨修复方面具有良好的生物活性与治疗效果,将中药有效成分与组织工程材料相结合在骨修复领域具有广阔的前景。不同中药有效成分与支架的组合在作用关系方面具有相似之处。目的:搜集常见的中药有效成分与支架材料组合的案例,基于七情配伍的启发将组织工程支架与中药有效成分类比为产生配伍关系的两类中药,以二者的作用关系为纲进行归纳总结。方法:检索1998年1月至2024年1月Pub Med和中国知网数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone defect,bone repair,bone tissue engineering,tissue engineering,scaffold”,中文检索词:“中药,中药有效成分,中药单体,骨组织工程,骨组织工程支架,支架,组织工程,骨缺损,骨修复”,最终纳入88篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:(1)组织工程支架材料与中药有效成分各自均在骨修复领域有广泛的运用,二者在成骨方面优势明显但仍有许多缺陷,许多研究致力于将二者制备成复合材料,希望通过二者间的相互作用发挥减毒增效作用。(2)一些药物与材料在成骨、抗菌、促血管生成方面能互相促进,增强原有的效果,受到传统方剂配伍观念的启发,文章将其归纳为“相须”关系,并举实例佐证。(3)一些药物能提高材料的强度,而某些材料能对负载于其上的药物实现缓释控释效果、增加载药量与稳定性,或是进行靶向递送,文章将这种单方面的提升效果归纳为“相使”关系。(4)一些中药与材料搭配使用能减少对方的毒副反应,文章将这种减毒关系归纳为“相畏相杀”。(5)文章得出了一个由七情配伍关系启发、基于作用关系分类的关于中药复合支架的全新视角,将中药传统观念引入组织工程领域,为后续复合支架的研究者提供新的研究思路,并在选材搭配方面提供一定的便利。
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB822102), the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project forSignificant New Drags Development" (Grant No. 2012ZX09502001-005), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2012AA021500), Shandong Province Science and Technology Development Project (Grant No. 2014GSFI 18113), Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. ZR2012EMM008), and the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University (Grant No. 2015JC004).
文摘Minimally invasive injectable self-setting materials are useful for bone repairs and for bone tissue regeneration in situ. Due to the potential advantages of these materials, such as causing minimal tissue injury, nearly no influence on blood supply, easy operation and negligible postoperative pain, they have shown great promises and successes in clinical applications. It has been proposed that an ideal injectable bone repair material should have features similar to that of natural bones, in terms of both the microstructure and the composition, so that it not only provides adequate stimulus to facilitate cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation but also offers a satisfactory biological environment for new bone to grow at the implantation site. This article reviews the properties and applications of injectable bone repair materials, including those that are based on natural and synthetic polymers, calcium phosphate, calcium phosphate/ polymer composites and calcium sulfate, to orthopedics and bone tissue repairs, as well as the progress made in biomimetic fabrication of injectable bone repair materials.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(QYZDY-SSW-JSC031)from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)the Key Research and Development Program of Liaoning Province(201703031)+1 种基金Liaoning Science and Technology Project(20170540972)Shenyang Key R&D and Technology Transfer Program(Z17-7-023).
文摘Although calcium sulfate bone cements possess favorable characteristics of excellent clinical handling and osteoconductivity,the rapid degradation and poor bioactivity limit their wide applications.This study reports a type of novel injectable and self-setting composite materials for bone defect repair.Magnesium substituted tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles(43.8±9.0 nm)and calcium sulfate hemihydrate micro-size particles(5–21μm)were mixed with a polyvinyl alcohol solution with optimal compositions to obtain the composite materials,which showed reasonable initial setting time(11.7–19.2 min)and suitable compressed strength(2.28–6.33 MPa).By utilizing magnesium powder as a porogen,macro-pores(>100μm)together with micro-pores were created in the final product after setting.In addition,MC3T3-E1 cells extended well and exhibited numerous lamellipodia and long filopodia when cultured with the composite materials,indicating that they had no cytotoxicity.The in vivo results indicated that the injectable composite materials could achieve bone defect repair,when implanted in beagle femoral condyle defects for 10 months.Our results show that the new injectable composite materials are biocompatible and biodegradable,which possess great potential for bone defect repair.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31400824, 81171459) and the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China(No.2014A010105030).
文摘We prepared a cholesterol-conjugated chitosan(CHCS) material and evaluated its potential application as a bone tissue repair material by in vitro cell experiments. Cell proliferation, differentiation and morphology on CHCS membrane surfaces with different graft degrees were assessed in mouse pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 cells. The results indicate that CHCS materials could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells at low graft degrees, but the CHCS material with high graft degree inhibits the proliferation of cells in contrast to the pure chitosan membrane. However, the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 ceils on different CHCS membrane surface increased with in- creasing graft degrees of cholesterol. The area of cells stretched onto the surface of CHCS materials was larger than on the surface of CS materials, and more microfilaments and stress fibers in cells were observed on CHCS materials than on the pure chitosan material surface. After 7 d, the expression of related osteogenic marker genes, such as rum-related transcription factor 2(Runx2), osterix(OSX), osteocalcin(OCN), osteopontin(OPN), ALP and collagen I(COL-I) were all up-regulated in CHCS materials to different degrees compared to pure chitosan material, which in- dicated that the CHCS materials facilitated MC3T3-EI cell differentiation and maturation, Characterizing CHCS materials is useful in designing and developing strategies for bone tissue engineering.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31370959,11421202 and 61227902)Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation(No.141039)+1 种基金Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project(No.xxjc201616)Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China(Tsinghua University),International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,and the 111 Project(No.B13003).
文摘It has been well recognized that the modification of biomaterials with appropriate bioactive peptides could further enhance their functions.Especially,it has been shown that peptide-modified bone repair materials could promote new bone formation more efficiently compared with conventional ones.The purpose of this article is to give a general review of recent studies on bioactive peptide-modified materials for bone tissue repair.Firstly,the main peptides for inducing bone regeneration and commonly used methods to prepare peptide-modified bone repair materials are introduced.Then,current in vitro and in vivo research progress of peptide-modified composites used as potential bone repair materials are reviewed and discussed.Generally speaking,the recent related studies have fully suggested that the modification of bone repair materials with osteogenicrelated peptides provide promising strategies for the development of bioactive materials and substrates for enhanced bone regeneration and the therapy of bone tissue diseases.Furthermore,we have proposed some research trends in the conclusion and perspectives part.
文摘背景:体外淋巴细胞增殖实验常用于检测医疗器械潜在的免疫原性,但在相关标准中均未给出详尽的浸提条件及作用剂量。目的:考察供试品不同浸提条件及作用剂量对体外人淋巴细胞增殖的影响,思考在选择体外淋巴细胞增殖实验条件时需考虑的因素。方法:实验检测同种骨修复材料与肝素修饰人工晶状体两种供试品,均分为以下12组:①实验组1:供试品24 h完全培养基(含体积分数10%胎牛血清的RPMI改良培养基)浸提液200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;②阴性对照组1:24 h完全培养基200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;③实验组2:供试品24 h完全培养基浸提液100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;④阴性对照组2:24 h完全培养基100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑤实验组3:供试品72 h RPMI改良培养基浸提液(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑥阴性对照组3:72 h RPMI改良培养基(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑦实验组4:供试品72 h RPMI改良培养基浸提液(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑧阴性对照组4:72 h RPMI改良培养基(实验前加体积分数10%胎牛血清)100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑨阳性对照组1:含10μg/mL植物血凝素M的完全培养基200μL+淋巴细胞悬液50μL;⑩阳性对照组2:含10μg/mL植物血凝素M的完全培养基100μL+淋巴细胞悬液100μL;⑪空白对照组1:250μL完全培养基;⑫空白对照组2:200μL完全培养基。培养3 d后,采用CCK-8法检测淋巴细胞增殖。结果与结论:①不同实验条件下,同种骨修复材料浸提液均可增强人淋巴细胞的活性,以RPMI改良培养基浸提72 h、浸提液与淋巴细胞悬液的体积比为4∶1的实验条件最为显著;肝素修饰人工晶状体在该条件下对淋巴细胞活性有明显的抑制作用,可能与浸提液中的肝素有关,但在完全培养基浸提24 h、浸提液与淋巴细胞悬液的体积比为4∶1的实验条件下对淋巴细胞活性有轻微的增强作用;②供试品不同浸提条件及作用剂量下,人体外淋巴细胞增殖实验结果可能会有较大差异,实验条件的选择需结合产品临床应用情况,也需考虑产品的固有特性。