ZAG2 has been identified as a maternally expressed imprinted gene in maize endosperm.Our study revealed that paternally inherited ZAG2 alleles were imprinted in maize endosperm and embryo at 14 days after pollination(...ZAG2 has been identified as a maternally expressed imprinted gene in maize endosperm.Our study revealed that paternally inherited ZAG2 alleles were imprinted in maize endosperm and embryo at 14 days after pollination(DAP), and consistently imprinted in endosperm at 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 DAP in reciprocal crosses between B73 and Mo17. ZAG2 alleles were also imprinted in reciprocal crosses between Zheng 58 and Chang7-2 and between Huang C and 178. ZAG2 alleles exhibited differential imprinting in hybrids of 178 × Huang C and B73 × Mo17, while in other hybrids ZAG2 alleles exhibited binary imprinting. The tissue-specific expression pattern of ZAG2 showed that ZAG2 was expressed at a high level in immature ears, suggesting that ZAG2 plays important roles in not only kernel but ear development.展开更多
To explore whether the imprinting status of IGF 2 in the malignant epithelial ovarian tumors is different from that in benign tumors, the target sequences (DNA and RNA) which contain a polymorphism site for ApaI res...To explore whether the imprinting status of IGF 2 in the malignant epithelial ovarian tumors is different from that in benign tumors, the target sequences (DNA and RNA) which contain a polymorphism site for ApaI restriction endonuclease digestion were amplified with PCR and RT PCR methods. Then the PCR/RT PCR products were digested by ApaI. The IGF 2 transcriptional pattern came out from the results of endonucleases digestion. Among the 36 cases of benign epithelial ovarian tumors, 20 were heterozygous for ApaI locus and all showed genomic imprinting. While in the malignant group, 22 were heterozygous for ApaI locus but six were found to lose imprinting. Significant differences existed between the two groups ( P <0.05). Loss of imprinting of IGF 2 may serve as a marker for differentiating the malignant ovarian cancers from the benign ones. In a new field of molecular genetics, our research provides an experimental basis for genetic diagnosis and treatment of the ovarian cancers.展开更多
The callipyge (CLPG) phenotype, exhibiting polar overdominance (POD), is an inherited skeletal muscle hypertrophy described in sheep. The callipyge locus maps to the distal portion of ovine chromosome 18 within th...The callipyge (CLPG) phenotype, exhibiting polar overdominance (POD), is an inherited skeletal muscle hypertrophy described in sheep. The callipyge locus maps to the distal portion of ovine chromosome 18 within the DLKI-GTL2 region and corresponds to human chromosome 14 and mouse chromosome 12. The POD phenomenon is confirmed to the homologous region of swine chromosome 7. In order to clone and investigate the expression of porcine GTL2 gene, DNA and RNA samples from 60-day-old F1 animals, generated with reciprocal crosses between Large White and Meishan breeds and their parents, were used. The authors showed that porcine GTL2 acted as a uoncoding RNA. cDNA samples exhibited maternal expression of the gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, and fat in pigs, and a unique tissue-specific expression different from that of humans and mice. These results indicated that the gene was conserved in the pig, human, mouse, and bovine. It will be of interest to further study the gene functions in muscle growth and fat deposition.展开更多
The endosperm plays essential roles in embryogenesis and seed germination and provides abundant resources for human food and industrial products. Identification of genes regulating the development of the endosperm and...The endosperm plays essential roles in embryogenesis and seed germination and provides abundant resources for human food and industrial products. Identification of genes regulating the development of the endosperm and elucidation of their functions is of great importance for maize genetics and breeding. This study showed that the genespecific imprinted gene, ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 2-like(EIN2-like), is maternally expressed in both endosperm and embryo. The maternally expressed pattern was maintained throughout later seed developmental stages. Bisulfite sequencing using DNA obtained from hybrid endosperm tissues showed that the upstream regions of the alleles of EIN2-like were highly methylated at symmetrical sites(CG and CHG). A differentially methylated region in the upstream part of the maternal allele of EIN2-like was identified and found to be hypomethylated. Expression analysis showed that EIN2-like was highly expressed in the maize endosperm as well as at different stages of cell differentiation(8–12 days after pollination) in the hybrid endosperm. These results suggest that the maternally expressed gene EIN2-like may play crucial roles in the regulation of seed development.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XDJK2013C023)the Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Xm201344)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M552303)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Southwest University (SWU112037)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (2011182120011)
文摘ZAG2 has been identified as a maternally expressed imprinted gene in maize endosperm.Our study revealed that paternally inherited ZAG2 alleles were imprinted in maize endosperm and embryo at 14 days after pollination(DAP), and consistently imprinted in endosperm at 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 DAP in reciprocal crosses between B73 and Mo17. ZAG2 alleles were also imprinted in reciprocal crosses between Zheng 58 and Chang7-2 and between Huang C and 178. ZAG2 alleles exhibited differential imprinting in hybrids of 178 × Huang C and B73 × Mo17, while in other hybrids ZAG2 alleles exhibited binary imprinting. The tissue-specific expression pattern of ZAG2 showed that ZAG2 was expressed at a high level in immature ears, suggesting that ZAG2 plays important roles in not only kernel but ear development.
文摘To explore whether the imprinting status of IGF 2 in the malignant epithelial ovarian tumors is different from that in benign tumors, the target sequences (DNA and RNA) which contain a polymorphism site for ApaI restriction endonuclease digestion were amplified with PCR and RT PCR methods. Then the PCR/RT PCR products were digested by ApaI. The IGF 2 transcriptional pattern came out from the results of endonucleases digestion. Among the 36 cases of benign epithelial ovarian tumors, 20 were heterozygous for ApaI locus and all showed genomic imprinting. While in the malignant group, 22 were heterozygous for ApaI locus but six were found to lose imprinting. Significant differences existed between the two groups ( P <0.05). Loss of imprinting of IGF 2 may serve as a marker for differentiating the malignant ovarian cancers from the benign ones. In a new field of molecular genetics, our research provides an experimental basis for genetic diagnosis and treatment of the ovarian cancers.
基金supported by theNational Natural Science Foundation of China(30571331).
文摘The callipyge (CLPG) phenotype, exhibiting polar overdominance (POD), is an inherited skeletal muscle hypertrophy described in sheep. The callipyge locus maps to the distal portion of ovine chromosome 18 within the DLKI-GTL2 region and corresponds to human chromosome 14 and mouse chromosome 12. The POD phenomenon is confirmed to the homologous region of swine chromosome 7. In order to clone and investigate the expression of porcine GTL2 gene, DNA and RNA samples from 60-day-old F1 animals, generated with reciprocal crosses between Large White and Meishan breeds and their parents, were used. The authors showed that porcine GTL2 acted as a uoncoding RNA. cDNA samples exhibited maternal expression of the gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, and fat in pigs, and a unique tissue-specific expression different from that of humans and mice. These results indicated that the gene was conserved in the pig, human, mouse, and bovine. It will be of interest to further study the gene functions in muscle growth and fat deposition.
基金the Major Research Projects of Chongqing (CSTC2016shms-ztzx80013, CSTC2016shms-ztzx80016) for financial support
文摘The endosperm plays essential roles in embryogenesis and seed germination and provides abundant resources for human food and industrial products. Identification of genes regulating the development of the endosperm and elucidation of their functions is of great importance for maize genetics and breeding. This study showed that the genespecific imprinted gene, ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 2-like(EIN2-like), is maternally expressed in both endosperm and embryo. The maternally expressed pattern was maintained throughout later seed developmental stages. Bisulfite sequencing using DNA obtained from hybrid endosperm tissues showed that the upstream regions of the alleles of EIN2-like were highly methylated at symmetrical sites(CG and CHG). A differentially methylated region in the upstream part of the maternal allele of EIN2-like was identified and found to be hypomethylated. Expression analysis showed that EIN2-like was highly expressed in the maize endosperm as well as at different stages of cell differentiation(8–12 days after pollination) in the hybrid endosperm. These results suggest that the maternally expressed gene EIN2-like may play crucial roles in the regulation of seed development.