An Ecological Assessment of the Pollution Status of the Danube River Basin in the Galati Region—Romania

Physico-chemical parameters and bio-contamination assessment through protozoan cysts and helminths eggs were carried out from the period of June to September 2010 in order to appreciate the pollution of the Danube River Basin in Romania. It recorded a higher tenor in Magnesium ion (60 mg/L) with respect to the calcium ion (20 mg/L). Other ions identified at substantial proportions were iron (1.459 mg/L), manganese (6.583 mg/L), phenol (12.780 mg/L) and Aluminium (0.0441 mg/L). Twenty one ciliated protozoa were identified in our analysis of water in the Danube River. Prominent was the presence of Caenomorpha medusula and Metopus ovatus which are indicators of polysaprobity. Resistant forms of enteropathogenic protozoa were present in our samples. These are Cryptosporidium sp (65 oocysts/l in August), Entamoeba histolytica (22 cysts/L in September), Giardia sp with 30 cysts/L in August. The helminths identified were Ascaris lumbricoides, Clornochis sinensis, Diphyllobothium latum, Enterobius vermicularis, Heterophrys heterophrys, larva of strongiloides stercoralis and Taenia sp. There is a low impact of natural depollution mechanisms which can functionally reduce the impending effect of the communicable diseases that are being transmitted by humans who constantly explore this aquatic medium during their leisure or economic activities.

Lower Danube 4D ReconnectionmStrategic Framework for LU/Climate Change Adaptation

Nowadays, about 80% of the Danube floodplain--Romanian sector are embanked and arranged with desiccation works and locally with drainage. Once with increasing pressures on the system and the complexity of the issues, there has been developed a number of mechanisms by which human activity （LU change） influence the stability and services of ecosystems and the need for planning tools are changing rapidly. Motivated by dramatic climatic change in recent decades and especially increased frequency of extreme events--2006 and 2010, the study focused on developing models and scenarios of climatic change, especially those related to land use change and flooding affecting local communities/regions. Thus, in the given circumstances, the best option is to foreseen a policy on the Lower Danube riverbed, followed by a series of advanced tools for exploring the 4D reconnection （longitudinal, lateral, vertical and temporal） and a well prepared monitoring system which alert address to detected threats. 4D reconnection of the lower Danube floodplain will provide a spatial planning tool, developed in accordance with this three features, and built to design, analyse and evaluate long-term policies in an ecological, social, economic and cultural context.

Data Regarding Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Benthic Populations from Musura Bay-Danube Delta, Romania

The present paper refers to some data regarding zoobenthic communities from one of northern lagoon of the Danube delta, known as Musura bay （ROSCI0065, coded as coastal lagoon ＊ 1150）. Faunal composition is influenced by the mixture of waters from the Danube and the marine coastal zone. According to monitored areas, there are dominant freshwater or marine invertebrates forming populations that live in the sediments. The aim of this paper is to offer a view of the endopsammic and endopelitic benthic communities from Musura bay, during two years of observations （2013 and 2014） and analyze the seasonal dynamics of invertebrates＇ populations. Based on quantitative samples collected from infralittoral zone, the paper presents the qualitative structure and a quantitative analyze （abundance, constancy--F%, dominance--D% and Wo%） of invertebrate populations from all taxa （belonging to Foraminifera, Nematoda, Gasteropoda, Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Ostracoda, Copepoda, Cumacea, Amphipoda and Chironomidae etc.） found in the researched zones, in connection with variation of local ecological conditions. Some considerations regarding the role of invertebrates＇ populations as food resources for lagoon fishes are done,

Extension of Giurgiu Port on Lower Danube

The paper deals with the construction works devoted to extending and upgrading the port functions to the highest European Standards. The Port of Giurgiu is located on the left bank of the Danube River, at the 493 km, and also at 65 km south of Bucharest, the Capital of Romania. Giurgiu is one of the Romanian largest Danubian Ports. Advanced computer programs were used in design. An active monitoring system, regarding the pre-existing constructions on the site, directly influenced by the excavations was also used. The adopted solutions for infrastructure were dependent by the monitoring results of construction site. The weak foundation conditions as well as the proximity of some existing buildings arouse unexpected obstacles difficult to overpass. However, by a perfect human cooperation all targets were finally reached.

Contribution to the Study of Aquatic Macrophytes from Musura Bay （Danube Delta, Romania）

Danube Delta--a unique, young and continuing growing region, is a favorable place for developing a unique flora and fauna with many rare and protected species in Europe. Even though the terrestrial environment is present in the area, the predominance of the aquatic environment led to the existence of a particular macrophytic flora. At the contact point of the sea-water and freshwater, physical, chemical and biological processes occur. As a consequence, researchers consider these coastal waters special ecosystem, in which Musura bay is the most representative one. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the study of aquatic submerged and floating macrophytes. The present study took place over two years （2013-2014）. In each year, a number of expeditions were made in different seasons in order to observe the diverse flora and flora associations. This due to seasonal variation in water quality, and might be a significantly seasonality of the vegetation also. The importance of the studies regarding flora of the Danube Delta, consist in the fact that the plants in this area are of social and economical importance, but also very important for environmental conservation.

Tourism in the Valleys of European Rivers, Comparing the Loire Valley and the Danube Valley in Serbia

The analysis of forms of tourism trends in the Loire Valley aims to initiate similar ideas in the Danube Valley in Serbia. The field research identified similar relief qualities, fertile alluvial soil, and similar economic activities, such as farming, animal husbandry, horticulture and viticulture, which are reminiscent of the Danube valley. In addition to these similarities, similarities were observed in the sphere of social life. in terms of methodology, results are obtained from： field observation, using literature sources and maps, interviewing local people in both valleys, and the application of analytical methods and comparisons. The importance of this work is the enrichment of the knowledge of two important European valleys. Research results can be included in the regional geography courses at all educational levels, and can be used at the local level. Communities in the valley of the Danube can be modeled on the experience from the Loire Valley, organize their activities, and thus improve the quality of life.

Change of Species and Habitat Diversity in the Pannonian Region of Eastern Lower Austria over 170 Years:Using Herbarium Records as a Witness

By dint of historical herbarium specimens, we show how changes in species and habitat diversity can be reviewed and correlated with historical events. Our work is based on a digital database of specimens of the BOKU herbarium (WHB), which can be assigned to the Pannonian region of eastern Lower Austria. The complete dataset (n = 6655 specimens) was analyzed with the aid of statistical methods allowing computational elimination of collectors' effects (i.e. unbalanced collecting interests of collectors over time;multiple regression analysis, general linear model), from the first herbarium specimens (dating back to 1830) to the present. As a result, a significant decrease in the proportion of species of some habitats (above all water bodies and closely associated habitats, humid and wet meadows, fens and fen meadows, and nutrient poor grassland) was detected. For water-influenced habitats, this decrease correlates with the time of Danube regulation. Moreover, an increase in the proportion of species of ruderal sites was asserted during the observation period. The analysis procedure developed can be used for evaluation of major digitized herbaria in order to trace historical changes in species and habitat diversity.

Stari Slankamen--Potential Destination of Nautical Tourism in Serbia

Nautical tourism has a high trend of growth,and the highest growth trend is expected in eastern and south-eastern Europe.It is type of tourism that takes place on water or on the coastline.Nautical tourism in Serbia could include 3,500 km of waterways and 50 km of water surface on various types of lakes,using at least 6,000 km of coastline.Nautical tourism represents a great potential for AP Vojvodina and Serbia,and it is necessary that local governments,private sector,and the state government work together on further development.Two international rivers,the Tisa and the Danube,flow through several European countries and merge at place where Stari Slankamen is located.Stari Slankamen,as a settlement created at the mouth of two rivers,has great potential for the development of nautical tourism,both on the water and on the coastline.In this work,it will be presented all potentials factors for the development of Stari Slankamen as a future destination of nautical tourism in Serbia,as well as all kind of events and hospitality facilities.Furthermore,the attitudes of local residents towards tourism development were examined due to the great importance of support of local population for tourism development at the destination.Strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats(SWOT)analysis presented all strengths and opportunities for developing nautical tourism and weakness and threats as well.Finally,based on examination of observed potentials and residents’attitudes,it will be proposed guidelines and conclusions for the further development of nautical tourism in this part of Serbia.

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