Analysis of Culture and Drug Sensitivity Tests of Mycoplasmas for 387 Patients with Nongonococcal Urethritis (Cervicitis) in Chongqing

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of myco-plasma infections and the sensitivity to antibiotics among patients with nongonococcal urethritis or cer-vicitis (NGU) in Chongqing. Methods: 387 NGU cases with mycoplasma-positive results upon culture were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: The majority of patients with mycoplasma infections were in the 20-40 year old age group. No significant difference was found between males and females. Ureaplasma urealyticum is the main pathogen of these NGU cases and no clear relationship between its concentration and pathogenic ability was noted. Drug sensitivity was tested against nine antibiotics; the sensitivity rates to josamycim, minocycline and doxycycline were 94.06%, 88.89% and 86.82% respectively, while the resistance rates to lincomycin, ofloxacin, azithromycin and roxthromycin were 74.94%, 42.12%, 41.60% and 40.31% in turn. Conclusions: Josamycin, minocycline and doxycycline could be used as the first choice to treat NGU with mycoplasma infections in Chongqing. It is important to select antibiotics for NGU treatment with mycoplasma infections based on the results of drug sensitivity tests.

Down-regulation of Hsp90 could change cell cycle distribution and increase drug sensitivity of tumor cells

AIM:To construct Hsp90 antisense RNA eukaryotic expression vector, transfect it into SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR of MDR-type human gastric cancer cell lines, HCC7402 of human hepatic cancer and Ec109 of human esophageal cancer cell lines, and to study the cell cycle distribution of the gene transected cells and their response to chemotherapeutic drugs.METHODS:A 1.03kb cDNA sequence of Hsp90beta was obtained from the primary plasmid phHSP90 by EcoR I and BamH I nuclease digestion and was cloned to the EcoR I and BamH I site of the pcDNA by T4DNA ligase and an antisense orientation of Hsp90beta expression vector was constructed. The constructs were transfected with lipofectamine and positive clones were selected with G418. The expression of RNA was determined with dot blotting and RNase protection assay, and the expression of Hsp90 protein determined with western blot. Cell cycle distribution of the transfectants was analyzed with flow cytometry, and the drug sensitivity of the transfectants to Adriamycin (ADR), vincrinstine (VCR), mitomycin (MMC) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) with MTT and intracellular drug concentration of the transfectants was determined with flow cytometry.RESULTS:In EcoR I and BamH I restriction analysis, the size and the direction of the cloned sequence of Hsp90beta remained what had been designed and the gene constructs were named pcDNA-Hsp90.AH-SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 cell clones all expressed Hsp90 anti-sense RNA. The expression of Hsp90 was down-regulated in AH-SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 cell clones. Cell cycle distribution was changed differently. In AH-SGC7901/VCR and AH-Ec109 cells, G(1) phase cells were increased; S phase and G(2) phase cells were decreased as compared with their parental cell lines. In AH-SGC7901 cell, G(1)phase cells were decreased, G(2) phase cells increased and S phase cells were not changed, and in AH-HCC7402 cells G(1), S and G(2) phase cells remained unchanged as compared with their parental cell lines. The sensitivity of AH-SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 to chemotherapeutic drugs, the sensitivity of AH-SGC7901/VCR to ADR, VCR, MMC and CTX the sensitivity of AH-HCC7402 to ADR and VCR, and the sensitivity of Ec109 to ADR, VCR and CTX all increased as compared with their parental cell lines. The mean fluorescence intensity of ADR in AH-SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 was also significantly elevated (P 【 0.05).CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of Hsp90 could change cell cycle distribution and increase the drug sensitivity of tumor cells.

Drug sensitivity and drug resistance profiles of human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell lines

AIM: To study the effect of a number of chemotherapeutic drugs on five human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines. The expressions of genes that have been proposed to influence the resistance of chemotherapeutic drugs including thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), glutathione-S-transferase PI (GSTP1), multidrug resistance protein (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) were also determined. METHODS: Five human CCA cell lines (KKU-100, KKU-M055, KKU-M156, KKU-M214 and KKU-OCA17) were treated with various chemotherapeutic drugs and growth inhibition was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Semi-quantitative levels of gene expression were determined by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results of IC_(50) values and the ratios of gene expression were analyzed by linear regression to predict their relationship. RESULTS: Among five CCA cell lines, KKU-M055 was the most sensitive cell line towards all chemotherapeutic drugs investigated, particularly taxane derivatives with IC_(50) values of 0.02-3 nmol/L, whereas KKU-100 was apparently the least sensitive cell line. When compared to other chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin and pirarubicin showed the lowest IC_(50) values (＜5 μmol/L) in all five CCA cell lines. Results from RT-PCR showed that TS, MRP1, MRP3 and GSTP1 were highly expressed in these five CCA cell lines while DPD and MRP2 were only moderately expressed. It should be noted that MDR1 expression was detected only in KKU-OCA17 cell lines. A strong correlation was only found between the level of MRP3 expression and the IC_(50) values of etoposide, doxorubicin and pirarubicin (r=0.86-0.98, P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: Sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents is not associated with the histological type of CCA. Choosing of the appropriate chemotherapeutic regimen for the treatment of CCA requires knowledge of drug sensitivity. MRP3 was correlated with resistance of CCA cell lines to etoposide, doxorubicin and pirarubicin, whereas other chemotherapeutic drugs showed no association. The role of this multidrug resistance-associated protein, MRP3, in chemotherapeutic resistance in CCA patients needs to be further investigated.

Effect of Survivin-siRNA on Drug Sensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cell Line MG-63

Objective： Survivin is one of the apoptosis inhibitor genes and is rarely expressed in adult tissues. However, survivin expression has been detected in various human cancers and correlations have been recognized between the level of expression of this gene in tumors and prognosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of Survivin-siRNA on the drug sensitivity of osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. Methods： Two siRNAs （Survivin-siRNA1, Survivin-siRNA2） specifically targeting Survivin gene were chemically synthesized and transfected into MG-63 ceils. The Survivin mRNA level was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The survivin protein expression and cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry （FCM）. The 50% inhibition concentration （IC50） of cisplatin （DDP） and adriamycin （ADM） on MG-63 cells was determined by MTT method. Results： Two short siRNA targeting survivin down-regulated the transcription of survivin gene dramatically and elevated apoptosis rate. They increased the drug sensitivity of MG-63 cells to ADM by five-fold and to DDP by nine-fold. Conclusion： Validated Survivin specific siRNA can effectively inhibit Survivin expression in survivin-overexpressing osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line and enhance the drug sensitivity of MG-63 cell line to ADM and DDP. Short survivin-siRNA mediated gene silencing may be a useful therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma. These results suggest that survivin might be helpful for diagnosis of osteosarcoma and survivin siRNA combined with adriamycin or cisplatin may be a feasible strategy to enhance the effects of chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma.

Isolation and Identification of Pseudomonas solanacearum and Its Drug Sensitivity Test

Ten pathogenic strains were isolated fi-om gingers infected by blast, and were identified by substrate utilization test and biochemical test. The identifica- tion results showed that these ten strains accorded with the basic characteristics of Pseudomonas solanacearum. Drug sensitivity test of ten strains was carried out, and prevention agents were screened to provide an experimental basis for the control of ginger blast.

Drug Sensitivity Test and Regression Verification of Escherichia coli from Rex Rabbit

[ Objectives] The paper aimed to select drugs reasonably for treatment of rex rabbit colibacillosis, and to isolate the pathogenicity of Escherichia coll. [ Methods ] Pathogen isolation, drug sensitivity test and pathogen regression test were performed with rex rabbits killed by E. coli in clinic. [ Results] The isolate was E. coli 0-23, susceptible to amikacin and cefotaxime sodium; when the challenge dose was 1.0 mL/rabbit （about one billion E. coli）, the test animal would discharge mucous feces. [ Conclusions] The results provided model support for clinical medicine selection against rex rabbit colibacillosis.

Isolation, Identification and Drug Sensitivity Test of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain from Minks with Diarrhea

[Objectives] The study aimed to identify the pathogen that causes diarrhea in minks. [Methods] Liver tissues were aseptically collected from dead minks with diarrhea. By bacterial isolation and culture,morphological observation,biochemical test and pathogenicity test,the isolated strain was identified as pathogenic E. coli. [Results]The pathogen causing diarrhea in minks was confirmed as a pathogenic E. coli strain. Drug sensitivity test indicated that the isolated pathogenic E. coli strain was highly sensitive to ceftazidime,cefotaxime,enrofloxacin,florfenicol and cephradine,moderately sensitive to ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,amikacin,doxycycline,lincomycin and gentamycin,and resistant to amoxycillin,neomycin,spectinomycin,polymyxin and penicillin. [Conclusions] This study provided reference for the prevention and control of abortion in female minks in Qinhuangdao region.

Investigation and analysis of the characteristics and drug sensitivity of bacteria in skin ulcer infections

Purpose： Skin ulcer is a common type of disease affecting patients＇ health and quality of life, and bacterial infection increases the difficulty of its management. Methods： The present study collected the results of bacterial culture sampled from the surface of 110 cases of skin ulcers at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012. We analyzed the constituent ratios of ulcer surface bacteria, the change in the main infectious bacteria and the results of drugsensitivity testing for common bacteria. In addition, the characteristics of bacterial infection of skin ulcers were summarized. Result： Of the 110 samples, 90 isolated bacteria were cultured. Sixty-one were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly comprising Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli. In addition, 23 isolates were Gram-positive bacteria, mainly comprising Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The probability of a negative bacterial culture in 2012 was significantly lower than that in 2011 （16.7% vs. 40.0%, p 〈 0.01）. Moreover, the probability of P. aeruginosa infection in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2011 （31.7% vs. 14.0%, p 〈 0.01）. P. aeruginosa was resistant to seven commonly used antibiotics. Both K. pneumoniae and E. coli had higher resistance to ampicillin. E. cloacae were not sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam. Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to all the tested drugs. S. aureus, E. faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis had high resistance to clindamycin. There was other drug resistance to reflect the higher rate of skin bacterial resistance. Conclusion： Skin bacterial resistance rate is high. Gram-negative bacteria gradually account for the majority, and P. aeruginosa becomes the most important skin infection pathogen. These characteristics of bacterial infections of skin ulcers provide a significant reference for guiding the selection of antibiotics, better controlling infections of skin ulcers and accelerating the healing of skin ulcers.

Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on drug sensitivity and expression of survivin in LoVo cells

Background All-trans retinoic acid （ATRA） can influence the tumor cell proliferation cycle, and some chemotherapeutic drugs are cycle specific. In this study, we hypothesize that ATRA can enhance chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity by affecting the cell cycle of tumor cells.Methods The cell cycle of LoVo cells was evaluated using flow cytometry （FCM）. Cell viability was analyzed using the MTT assay. The morphologic changes in the treated LoVo cells were measured with acridine orange （AO）/ethidium bromide （EB） staining. Expression of survivin in LoVo cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence assay.Results After LoVo cells were treated with ATRA, the G0/G1 ratio of the tumor cells increased and the cell ratio of S-and G2/M-phase decreased. Viability of the cells decreased significantly after combined treatment with ATRA and 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） or mitomycin c （MMC） and was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Expression level of survivin in the tumor cells decreased after ATRA combination treatment.Conclusions ATRA enhances drug sensitivity of the LoVo cell line to cell cycle-specific agents and inhibits the expression of survivin in LoVo cells. The combination of ATRA and 5-FU or MMC promoted cell apoptosis, and the mechanism involved in apoptosis may be related to inhibition of survivin gene expression.

Establishment and drug sensitivity evaluation of murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential (Hca-P/L_(6))

In order to provide a sensitive cell line model for investigating the mechanisms underlying the lymphatic metastasis of tumors and the effect of medicine against cells,a new murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P/L_(6))was established and the effect of curcumin on biological behavior of Hca-P/L_(6) was observed.Murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell strain with low lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P)was subcutaneously inoculated into the medioventral line of a mouse 615 and thefirst generation of metastatic tumor cells of inguinal lymph node(Hca-P/L_(1))was obtained.Then,Hca-P/L_(1) was screened by the route of mouse foot pad subcutaneously!lymph node!scale-up culture in vitro!mouse foot pad subcuta-neously forfive times consecutively.The sensitivity of two murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell lines(Hca-P and Hca-P/L_(6))and two anchorage-dependent human hepato-carcinoma cell lines(SMC7721 and HepG_(2))to curcumin were studied by use of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay after these cells had been pretreated by curcumin at the concentration of 15–240μmol/L for 48 h.After pretreatment by curcumin at the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of 15μmol/L in vitro,the effect of curcumin against cell proliferation of Hca-P and Hca-P/L6 was observed by inverted micro-scope,cell growth curve and cell population doubling time;the effects of curcumin on cell cycles of Hca-P/L6 and Hca-P were studied byflow cytometry(FCM).The results showed Hca-P/L_(6) spreading to the lymph nodes at multiple sites in mice was screened from Hca-P.The lymph node metastatic rate was 100%.Curcumin had significant growth inhibiting effect on both murine ascites and human hepatocarcinoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).At concentrations of 30–120μmol/L,curcu-min had more inhibition on murine ascites hepatocarci-noma cell lines than on human anchorage-dependent hepatocarcinoma cell lines.At concentrations of 60–240μmol/L,curcumin had more inhibition on Hca-P/L_(6) with the 50%inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 51.48μmol/L than on Hca-P with IC50 of 90.87μmol/L.After pretreatment by curcumin at the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of 15 mol/L for 7 days,the proliferations of Hca-P/L_(6) and Hca-P were inhibited(P<0.05)in a time-dependent manner(P<0.01)and the population doubling time of Hca-P/L6 and Hca-P was prolonged(P<0.01),and curcumin had more inhibition on Hca-P/L6 than on Hca-P(P<0.05).After pretreatment by 15μmol/L curcumin for 48 h,the morphous of Hca-P/L_(6) was influenced more seriously than that of Hca-P and the cell cycle was redistributed with Hca-P/L6 being blocked in the S phase and Hca-P in the S and G_(2)/M phases.Hca-P/L_(6) was validated to be more sensitive to curcumin than Hca-P.Hca-P/L_(6) is a novel sensitive cell line model for investigating the mechanisms underlying tumor lymphatic metastasis and the effect of the medicine against cells.

In vitro cultures of circulating tumor cells:a potential tool to unravel drug sensitivity

Since taking part as leading actors in driving the metastatic process,circulating tumor cells(CTCs)have displayed a wide range of potential applications in the cancer-related research field.Besides their well-proved prognostic value,the role of CTCs in both predictive and diagnostics terms might be extremely informative about cancer properties and therefore highly helpful in the clinical decision-making process.Unfortunately,CTCs are scarcely released in the blood circulation and their counts vary a lot among different types of cancer,therefore CTC detection and consequent characterization are still highly challenging.In this context,in vitro CTC cultures could potentially offer a great opportunity to expand the number of tumor cells isolated at different stages of the disease and thus simplify the analysis of their biological and molecular features,allowing a deeper comprehension of the nature of neoplastic diseases.The aim of this review is to highlight the main attempts to establish in vitro CTC cultures from patients harboring different tumor types in order to highlight how powerful this practice could be,especially in optimizing the therapeutic strategies available in clinical practice and potentially preventing or contrasting the development of treatment resistance.

Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in a Hospital from 2019 to 2021

Objective:To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)and provide reference for the treatment of AB infection.Methods:AB isolated from clinical specimens of Huaihua First People’s Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were collected and identified by VITEK 2 Compact,an automated microbial identification and susceptibility testing system,in which drug sensitivity test was also performed.Excel was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among the 1,311 AB strains,81.16%(1,064 strains)were from sputum samples,and the departments with the highest detections rates of AB were neurosurgery(24.33%),intensive care(15.48%)and infectious disease(11.44%).The drug sensitivity test showed that the resistance rate of 1,311 AB strains to compound sulfamethoxazole and amikacin was 28.38%and 20.54%,respectively,and the resistance rate to 10 other kinds of common antibiotics was more than 40%.Conclusion:The 1,311 AB strains isolated were widely distributed in clinical settings and had strong resistance to commonly used antibiotics.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of pathogens and drug resistance,formulate reasonable and effective infection control measures,and ensure that antibiotics are used in a reasonable manner.

Identification of cell surface markers for acute myeloid leukemia prognosis based on multi-model analysis

Given the extremely high inter-patient heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia(AML),the identification of biomarkers for prognostic assessment and therapeutic guidance is critical.Cell surface markers(CSMs)have been shown to play an important role in AML leukemogenesis and progression.In the current study,we evaluated the prognostic potential of all human CSMs in 130 AML patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)based on differential gene expression analysis and univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.By using multi-model analysis,including Adaptive LASSO regression,LASSO regression,and Elastic Net,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model for risk stratification of the AML patients.The predictive value of the 9-CSMs risk score was further validated at the transcriptome and proteome levels.Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for the AML patients.The AML patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores had a shorter overall and event-free survival time than those with low scores.Notably,single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores exhibited chemotherapy resistance.Furthermore,PI3K inhibitors were identified as potential treatments for these high-risk patients.In conclusion,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model that served as an independent prognostic factor for the survival of AML patients and held the potential for guiding drug therapy.

Predicting colorectal cancer prognosis based on long noncoding RNAs of disulfidptosis genes

BACKGROUND A recently hypothesized cause of cell death called disulfidptosis has been linked to the expansion,emigration,and vascular rebuilding of cancer cells.Cancer can be treated by targeting the pathways that trigger cell death.AIM To discover the long non-coding RNA of the disulfidaptosis-related lncRNAs(DRLs),prognosis clinical survival,and treat patients with colorectal cancer with medications.METHODS Initially,we queried the Cancer Genome Atlas database to collect transcriptome,clinical,and genetic mutation data for colorectal cancer(CRC).Training and testing sets for CRC patient transcriptome data were generated randomly.Key long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)related to DRLs were then identified and evaluated using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator procedure,as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.A prognostic model was then created after risk scoring.Also,Immune infiltration analysis,immune checkpoint analysis,and medication susceptibility analysis were used to investigate the causes of the different prognoses between high and low risk groups.Finally,we validated the differential expression and biomarker potential of riskpredictive lncRNAs through induction using both NCM460 and HT-29 cell lines,as well as a disulfidptosis model.RESULTS In this work,eight significant lncRNAs linked to disulfidptosis were found.Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes between high-and low-risk groups from the prognostic model showed a close relationship with the immune response as well as significant enrichment in neutrophil extracellular trap formation and the IL-17 signaling pathway.Furthermore,significant immune cell variations between the high-risk and low-risk groups were seen,as well as a higher incidence of immunological escape risk in the high-risk group.Finally,Epirubicin,bortezomib,teniposide,and BMS-754807 were shown to have the lowest sensitivity among the four immunotherapy drugs.CONCLUSION Our findings emphasizes the role of disulfidptosis in regulating tumor development,therapeutic response,and patient survival in CRC patients.For the clinical treatment of CRC,these important LncRNAs could serve as viable therapeutic targets.

A Prognostic Model Based on Colony Stimulating Factors-related Genes in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis,and lacks effective therapeutic targets.Colony stimulating factors(CSFs)are cytokines that can regulate the production of blood cells and stimulate the growth and development of immune cells,playing an important role in the malignant progression of TNBC.This article aims to construct a novel prognostic model based on the expression of colony stimulating factors-related genes(CRGs),and analyze the sensitivity of TNBC patients to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Methods We downloaded CRGs from public databases and screened for differentially expressed CRGs between normal and TNBC tissues in the TCGA-BRCA database.Through LASSO Cox regression analysis,we constructed a prognostic model and stratified TNBC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the colony stimulating factors-related genes risk score(CRRS).We further analyzed the correlation between CRRS and patient prognosis,clinical features,tumor microenvironment(TME)in both high-risk and low-risk groups,and evaluated the relationship between CRRS and sensitivity to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Results We identified 842 differentially expressed CRGs in breast cancer tissues of TNBC patients and selected 13 CRGs for constructing the prognostic model.Kaplan-Meier survival curves,time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves,and other analyses confirmed that TNBC patients with high CRRS had shorter overall survival,and the predictive ability of CRRS prognostic model was further validated using the GEO dataset.Nomogram combining clinical features confirmed that CRRS was an independent factor for the prognosis of TNBC patients.Moreover,patients in the high-risk group had lower levels of immune infiltration in the TME and were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil,ipatasertib,and paclitaxel.Conclusion We have developed a CRRS-based prognostic model composed of 13 differentially expressed CRGs,which may serve as a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of TNBC patients and guiding clinical treatment.Moreover,the key genes within this model may represent potential molecular targets for future therapies of TNBC.

Leveraging diverse cell-death patterns to predict the clinical outcome of immune checkpoint therapy in lung adenocarcinoma:Based on muti-omics analysis and vitro assay

Advanced LUAD shows limited response to treatment including immune therapy.With the development of sequencing omics,it is urgent to combine high-throughput multi-omics data to identify new immune checkpoint therapeutic response markers.Using GSE72094(n=386)and GSE31210(n=226)gene expression profile data in the GEO database,we identified genes associated with lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)death using tools such as“edgeR”and“maftools”and visualized the characteristics of these genes using the“circlize”R package.We constructed a prognostic model based on death-related genes and optimized the model using LASSO-Cox regression methods.By calculating the cell death index(CDI)of each individual,we divided LUAD patients into high and low CDI groups and examined the relationship between CDI and overall survival time by principal component analysis(PCA)and Kaplan-Meier analysis.We also used the“ConsensusClusterPlus”tool for unsupervised clustering of LUAD subtypes based on model genes.In addition,we collected data on the expression of immunomodulatory genes and model genes for each cohort and performed tumor microenvironment analyses.We also used the TIDE algorithm to predict immunotherapy responses in the CDI cohort.Finally,we studied the effect of PRKCD on the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells through cell culture experiments.The study utilized the TCGA-LUAD cohort(n=493)and identified 2,901 genes that are differentially expressed in patients with LUAD.Through KEGG and GO enrichment analysis,these genes were found to be involved in a wide range of biological pathways.The study also used univariate Cox regression models and LASSO regression analyses to identify 17 candidate genes that were best associated with mortality prognostic risk scores.By comparing the overall survival(OS)outcomes of patients with different CDI values,it was found that increased CDI levels were significantly associated with lower OS rates.In addition,the study used unsupervised cluster analysis to divide 115 LUAD patients into two distinct clusters with significant differences in OS timing.Finally,a prognostic indicator called CDI was established and its feasibility as an independent prognostic indicator was evaluated by Cox proportional risk regression analysis.The immunotherapy efficacy was more sensitive in the group with high expression of programmed cell death models.Relationship between programmed cell death(PCD)signature models and drug reactivity.After evaluating the median inhibitory concentration(IC50)of various drugs in LUAD samples,statistically significant differences in IC50 values were found in cohorts with high and low CDI status.Specifically,Gefitinib and Lapatinib had higher IC50 values in the high-CDI cohort,while Olaparib,Oxaliplatin,SB216763,and Axitinib had lower values.These results suggest that individuals with high CDI levels are sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and may be resistant to conventional chemotherapy.Therefore,this study constructed a gene model that can evaluate patient immunotherapy by using programmed cell death-related genes based on muti-omics.The CDI index composed of these programmed cell death-related genes reveals the heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma tumors and serves as a prognostic indicator for patients.

Pathologic complete response to conversion therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma using patient-derived organoids:A case report

BACKGROUND For primary liver cancer,the key to conversion therapy depends on the effectiveness of drug treatment.Patient-derived tumor organoids have been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of conversion therapy by identifying individualtargeted effective drugs,but their clinical effects in liver cancer remain unknown.CASE SUMMARY We described a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)who achieved pathologic complete response(pCR)to conversion therapy guided by the patientderived organoid(PDO)drug sensitivity testing.Despite insufficiency of the remaining liver volume after hepatectomy,the patient obtained tumor reduction after treatment with the PDO-sensitive drugs and successfully underwent radical surgical resection.Postoperatively,pCR was observed.CONCLUSION PDOs contributes to screening sensitive drugs for HCC patients to realize the personalized treatment and improve the conversion therapy efficacy.

Improving treatment plan and mental health in children with abdominal infection for broad-spectrum bacterial infections

BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective treatment.In surgical treatment,accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to improving treatment effects.AIM To investigate the effect of broad-spectrum bacterial detection on postoperative antibiotic therapy.METHODS A total of 100 children with abdominal infection who received surgical treatment in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2021 were grouped.The observation group collected blood samples upon admission and sent them for broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acid testing,and collected pus or exudate during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing;the control group only sent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing during the operation.RESULTS White blood cell count,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,3 days after surgery,showed better postoperative index than the control group(P<0.05).The hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group.The hospitalization cost in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Early detection of broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acids in pediatric abdominal infections can help identify pathogens sooner and guide the appropriate use of antibiotics,improving treatment outcomes and reducing medical costs to some extent.

Comparison of Antibacterial Activities of Six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strains

In this study, six bacterial strains were isolated from the sediment, probiotic fermentation products, and lake sediments, they were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using genetic evolution analysis, which were named B3, B4, B5, XD3, YF6, and YF8. The comparison of the antibacterial activity, hemolytic activity, and antibiotic sensitivity of six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains laid a foundation for the development and application of antimicrobial peptide products. A surface activity assay was used to determine the production of biosurfactants in six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains. With Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as indicator bacteria, their antibacterial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method;the same diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The results showed that the six Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains had obvious biosurface activity, and the bacteria inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, from strong to weak: YF8, XD3, B3, B4, YF6, and B5. Strain YF8 had the best broad-spectrum bacteriostatic effect, followed by strain XD3. All Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains were susceptible to 16 common drugs, except for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain YF8, which was intermediate to neomycin. The study shows that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and secondary metabolites have the ability to produce a variety of active peptides, exert a certain inhibitory effect on common pathogens, and have the potential to develop as animal probiotics.

The Effect of the MDM2-p53 Loop on the Sensitivity of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cisplatin

OBJECTIVE To explore whether MDM2 transfection can alter the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop so as to change the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin. METHODS The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 expressing wild-type P53 and the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 with the p53 null type were stably transfected with pCMV-MDM2 or pCMV as a control. The blocked expression of P53 was determined by Western blots. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay and the trypan blue exclusion assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the cell cycle and removal of platinum -DNA adducts was measured by atomic absorption spec-troscopy. RESULTS (1) Parental A2780 and A2780-V cells (IC50= 15.14±1.39 μmol) have similar cisplatin sensitivities, whereas sensitivity to cisplatin in A2780-M cells (IC50=7.98±1.32 μmol) was 2 to 3 fold greater (P=0.001). The trypan blue exclusion assay demonstrated that cisplatin killed a higher percentage of A2780-M cells compared to A2780-V cells. There was no significant change following MDM2 transfection in SKOV-3 cells. (2) After cisplatin treatment, A2780-M cells showed a pronounced S-phase arrest, however, A2780 cells with the intact wild-type P53, arrested primarily at the G2/M transition. (3) Platinum uptake was similar for all of the A2780 cell lines after ciaplatin treatment, but the removal of plat-inum-DNA adducts was reduced in the A2780-M cells compared with A2780-V cells. CONCLUSION MDM2 increases cisplatin cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells by blocking the expression of p53 through the MDM2-p53 autoregulatory feedback loop.