Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern ...Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels, however, is not well-defined. In this study, the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures. The results showed that accessions of E. intermedia and E. repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids. For E. elongata, E. pontica, and E. caespitosa, it was found that two ploidy levels presented, and only one ploidy level was in those of E. hybrid, E. pycnantha, E. pungens, E. juncea, and E. alatavica. Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 2x = 14 = 6m ＋ 6sm ＋ 2st, 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M ＋ 10m ＋ 16sm and 2n = 6x = 42 = 4M ＋ 18m ＋ 20sin, respectively. Furthermore, the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E. intermedia was 2n=4x=28 =2M＋ 10m＋ 16sm, 2n=4x=28=4M＋22m （sat）＋2sm and 2n=4x=28 =4M＋ 12m＋ 12sm （sat）, which were not completely uniform. Therefore, it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding.展开更多
The article is devoted to the study of the biomorphological features of Elytrigia trichophora under conditions of introduction in the mountain semi-desert zone and the determination of their economic prospects for int...The article is devoted to the study of the biomorphological features of Elytrigia trichophora under conditions of introduction in the mountain semi-desert zone and the determination of their economic prospects for introduction into rainfed crops. The research results showed that, in the Tashkent area, the number of generative shoots is almost the same, but they are 30 - 31 cm long and the number of partial bushes is 4 - 5 more than in Chartak. The root system lengthens by 18 - 25 cm per year, and the number of roots of the first order in the third year of vegetation increases to 93.6 ± 2.31 pieces, they branch up to the III-IV order. The duration of medium-aged generative plants in the Chartak area is 5 - 6 years, and in the Tashkent area, it is 1 - 2 years longer.展开更多
Shannong 551, a T. aestivum-E. elongatum alien substitution line with resistance to powdery mildew, was in- oculated with pathogenic spores of powdery mildew. The leaf samples were prepared 48 h after inoculation for ...Shannong 551, a T. aestivum-E. elongatum alien substitution line with resistance to powdery mildew, was in- oculated with pathogenic spores of powdery mildew. The leaf samples were prepared 48 h after inoculation for scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that germination of spores and growth of young mycelia on leaves of Shannong 551 were suppressed at the early stage of infection. At the same time, RNAs were prepared from the leaves for the cloning of WRP1 and RPW2 by cDNA RDA and RACE tech- nology. BLAST analysis of the sequences indicated that both WRP1 and RPW2 were novel genes. WRP1 contains no com- plete ORF. RPW2 contains the conserved structure domain of aminotransferase, and its DNA sequence shares high homol- ogy with genes of phosphateserine aminotransferase in many organisms. Therefore, it is speculated as a novel phosphate- serine aminotransferase gene. The results of Northern blot suggested that expression of RPW2 occurred at the early stage of infection by powdery mildew. Southern blot using the probe of RPW2, in which there was strong hybridizing sig- nals in both genome of Shannong 551 and E. elongatum, but not in those of Jinan 13 and Lumai No.5, indicated that RPW2 derived from the genome of E. elongatum.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30571321)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China(6082009)
文摘Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels, however, is not well-defined. In this study, the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures. The results showed that accessions of E. intermedia and E. repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids. For E. elongata, E. pontica, and E. caespitosa, it was found that two ploidy levels presented, and only one ploidy level was in those of E. hybrid, E. pycnantha, E. pungens, E. juncea, and E. alatavica. Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 2x = 14 = 6m ＋ 6sm ＋ 2st, 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M ＋ 10m ＋ 16sm and 2n = 6x = 42 = 4M ＋ 18m ＋ 20sin, respectively. Furthermore, the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E. intermedia was 2n=4x=28 =2M＋ 10m＋ 16sm, 2n=4x=28=4M＋22m （sat）＋2sm and 2n=4x=28 =4M＋ 12m＋ 12sm （sat）, which were not completely uniform. Therefore, it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding.
文摘The article is devoted to the study of the biomorphological features of Elytrigia trichophora under conditions of introduction in the mountain semi-desert zone and the determination of their economic prospects for introduction into rainfed crops. The research results showed that, in the Tashkent area, the number of generative shoots is almost the same, but they are 30 - 31 cm long and the number of partial bushes is 4 - 5 more than in Chartak. The root system lengthens by 18 - 25 cm per year, and the number of roots of the first order in the third year of vegetation increases to 93.6 ± 2.31 pieces, they branch up to the III-IV order. The duration of medium-aged generative plants in the Chartak area is 5 - 6 years, and in the Tashkent area, it is 1 - 2 years longer.
文摘Shannong 551, a T. aestivum-E. elongatum alien substitution line with resistance to powdery mildew, was in- oculated with pathogenic spores of powdery mildew. The leaf samples were prepared 48 h after inoculation for scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that germination of spores and growth of young mycelia on leaves of Shannong 551 were suppressed at the early stage of infection. At the same time, RNAs were prepared from the leaves for the cloning of WRP1 and RPW2 by cDNA RDA and RACE tech- nology. BLAST analysis of the sequences indicated that both WRP1 and RPW2 were novel genes. WRP1 contains no com- plete ORF. RPW2 contains the conserved structure domain of aminotransferase, and its DNA sequence shares high homol- ogy with genes of phosphateserine aminotransferase in many organisms. Therefore, it is speculated as a novel phosphate- serine aminotransferase gene. The results of Northern blot suggested that expression of RPW2 occurred at the early stage of infection by powdery mildew. Southern blot using the probe of RPW2, in which there was strong hybridizing sig- nals in both genome of Shannong 551 and E. elongatum, but not in those of Jinan 13 and Lumai No.5, indicated that RPW2 derived from the genome of E. elongatum.
