To determine the occurrence of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enerobateriaceae in commercial powdered infant formula (PIF), 185 packages of PIF from different manufacturers, supermarkets and drug-stores in Abidjan w...To determine the occurrence of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enerobateriaceae in commercial powdered infant formula (PIF), 185 packages of PIF from different manufacturers, supermarkets and drug-stores in Abidjan were analyzed. Ten g of sample was homogenized in 90 ml of buffered peptone water (PBW, Biorad, Paris) for further studies. Enterobacteriaceae (coliforms) were enumerated according to French Association of Standardization methods. E. sakazakii was detected according to Kandhai’s method. Bacteria were identified using API20 system. Thirty-eight samples (20.5%) were positive for Enterobacteriaceae. Twenty-four samples (13%) yielded Enterobacter sakazakii. Other Enterobacteriaceae isolated included Pantoea spp. 21 (11.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. Pneumonia 8 (4.3%), Citrobacter diversus 1 (0.5%), Citrobacter freundii 1 (0.5%), Enterobacter cloacae 1 (0.5%), Salmonella reading 1 (0.5%), Serratia ficara 1 (0.5%) Serratia odorifera 1 (0.5%). This study is the first report to describe the contamination of PIF from Abidjan with E. sakazakii and several other Enterobacteriaceae that could be opportunistic pathogens. Therefore, well-controlled studies need to be conducted to assess the extent of risk associated with contaminated PIF for infants in Abidjan.展开更多
Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP cou...Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP could distinctly increase the activities of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase), uridine phosphorylase (UPase) and thymidine phosphorylase (TPase) when they were added into medium from 0 to 8 h. In the process of enzymatic synthesis of adenine arabinoside from adenine and uracil arabinoside with wet cells of Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04 induced by cytidine or CMP, the reaction time could be shortened from 36 to 6 h. After enzymatic reaction the activity of NPase in the cells induced remained higher than that in the cells uninduced.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Sepsis due to Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) is rare after liver transplantation but is also a serious infection that may cause liver abscess. The purpose of this case report is to relate an unusual...BACKGROUND: Sepsis due to Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) is rare after liver transplantation but is also a serious infection that may cause liver abscess. The purpose of this case report is to relate an unusual presentation of liver transplantation to show how successive treatment can be an appropriate option in septic patients after liver transplantation. METHOD: We report on a patient with liver transplantation who developed sepsis due to extended spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC-producing E. aerogenes. RESULTS: A 39-year-old man had a biliary fistula and then was found to have multiple liver abscesses through abdominal ultrasound and an abdominal computed tomography scan, and carbapenem-sensitive E. aerogenes infection was confirmed. The patient was not successfully treated with conservative treatment consisting of intravenous carbapenems, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage, and biliary stent placement by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, so a second liver transplantation followed. Carbapenem-resistant E. aerogenes was detected in bile and blood after a five-week course of carbapenem therapy. The patient developed septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: We first report an unusual case of sepsis caused by E. aerogenes after liver transplantation in China. Carbapenem-resistant E. aerogenes finally leads to uncontrolled sepsis with current antibiotics. We hypothesize that the infection developed as a result of biliary fistula and predisposing immunosuppressive agent therapy. Further research is progressing on the aspect of immunomodulation therapy. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8: 320-322)展开更多
文摘To determine the occurrence of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enerobateriaceae in commercial powdered infant formula (PIF), 185 packages of PIF from different manufacturers, supermarkets and drug-stores in Abidjan were analyzed. Ten g of sample was homogenized in 90 ml of buffered peptone water (PBW, Biorad, Paris) for further studies. Enterobacteriaceae (coliforms) were enumerated according to French Association of Standardization methods. E. sakazakii was detected according to Kandhai’s method. Bacteria were identified using API20 system. Thirty-eight samples (20.5%) were positive for Enterobacteriaceae. Twenty-four samples (13%) yielded Enterobacter sakazakii. Other Enterobacteriaceae isolated included Pantoea spp. 21 (11.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. Pneumonia 8 (4.3%), Citrobacter diversus 1 (0.5%), Citrobacter freundii 1 (0.5%), Enterobacter cloacae 1 (0.5%), Salmonella reading 1 (0.5%), Serratia ficara 1 (0.5%) Serratia odorifera 1 (0.5%). This study is the first report to describe the contamination of PIF from Abidjan with E. sakazakii and several other Enterobacteriaceae that could be opportunistic pathogens. Therefore, well-controlled studies need to be conducted to assess the extent of risk associated with contaminated PIF for infants in Abidjan.
基金Project (No. 07C26213101283) supported by the Innovation Fundfor Technology Based Firms from the Ministry of Science andTechnology of China
文摘Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP could distinctly increase the activities of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase), uridine phosphorylase (UPase) and thymidine phosphorylase (TPase) when they were added into medium from 0 to 8 h. In the process of enzymatic synthesis of adenine arabinoside from adenine and uracil arabinoside with wet cells of Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04 induced by cytidine or CMP, the reaction time could be shortened from 36 to 6 h. After enzymatic reaction the activity of NPase in the cells induced remained higher than that in the cells uninduced.
文摘BACKGROUND: Sepsis due to Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) is rare after liver transplantation but is also a serious infection that may cause liver abscess. The purpose of this case report is to relate an unusual presentation of liver transplantation to show how successive treatment can be an appropriate option in septic patients after liver transplantation. METHOD: We report on a patient with liver transplantation who developed sepsis due to extended spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC-producing E. aerogenes. RESULTS: A 39-year-old man had a biliary fistula and then was found to have multiple liver abscesses through abdominal ultrasound and an abdominal computed tomography scan, and carbapenem-sensitive E. aerogenes infection was confirmed. The patient was not successfully treated with conservative treatment consisting of intravenous carbapenems, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage, and biliary stent placement by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, so a second liver transplantation followed. Carbapenem-resistant E. aerogenes was detected in bile and blood after a five-week course of carbapenem therapy. The patient developed septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: We first report an unusual case of sepsis caused by E. aerogenes after liver transplantation in China. Carbapenem-resistant E. aerogenes finally leads to uncontrolled sepsis with current antibiotics. We hypothesize that the infection developed as a result of biliary fistula and predisposing immunosuppressive agent therapy. Further research is progressing on the aspect of immunomodulation therapy. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8: 320-322)
