Assessing the Spatial Equality of COVID Testing Sites Maintaining Zero COVID Policy

Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the spatial equality of COVID-19 testing sites that maintain a zero COVID policy in Guangzhou City. The study has identified the spatial disparities of COVID testing sites, characteristics of testing locations, and accessibility. The study has obtained information on COVID testing sites in Guangzhou City and population data. Point pattern analyses, Euclidian distance and allocation, and network analyses are the main methods used to achieve the research objectives, and 1183 total COVID testing sites can be recognized in Guangzhou City. Results revealed that spatial disparities could be noticed over the study area. Testing locations of Guangzhou City are highly clustered. The most significant testing sites are located in Haizhu District, which has the third largest population. The highest population density can be identified in Yuexiu District. However, only 94 testing sites are located there. According to all the results, higher disparities can be identified, and a lack of testing sites is located in the north part of the study area. Some people in the northern part have to travel more than 10 km to reach a testing site. Finally, this paper suggests increasing the number of testing sites in the north and south parts of the study area and keeping the same distribution, considering the area, total population, and population density. This kind of research will be helpful to decision-makers in making proper decisions to maintain a zero COVID policy.

GENDER EQUALITY IN THE CHINESE WORKPLACE

Gender equality is a significant issue in the economic and social sectors.A McKinsey study found that promoting gender equality in the workplace could contribute US$13 trillion to global GDP growth.And if China reaches the forefront of gender equality in the workplace in the Asia-Pacific region,it would generate about US$3 trillion in GDP.

Gender equality policy of the Olympic Movement in Chinese sport governing bodies:the case of elite volleyball

Objectives:This research based on the theoretical framework of globalisation focuses on the development of gender equality policy in the Olympic Movement and the implementation of IOC’s gender equality policy in the context of Chinese elite volleyball.Methods:In addition to documentary analysis,17 semistructured interviews were conducted with key insiders within Chinese elite volleyball system to provide a comprehensive understanding of the IOC’s gender equality policy implementation.The analysisinvolved perspectives of athletes’participation,coaching positions,and leadership roles according to three main elements of the IOC’s gender equality policy.Results:Thefindings demonstrated that the responses of Chinese elite volleyball to IOC’s gender equality policy are participative,conflictual,and passive in terms of the gender balance of athletes’participation,coaches’positions,and the representation of leadership roles respectively.Conclusions:IOC recommended subordinated stakeholders including NOCs to implement gender equality policy.The attitude of Chinese elite volleyball governing body towards gender equality is generally positive.However,IOC’s gender equality policy is not consistently transferred at national level.Policy might be implemented with symbolic measure in China without monitoring system.Referees should be included in policy contents in addition to athletes,coaches and leaders.In addition,since IOC’s gender equality policy and statistics have been keeping updated,further results with respect to the case of volleyballshould be demonstrated in future research.

On the Equality of Weighted BajratarevićMeans to Quasi-Arithmetic Means

In this paper, we considered the equality problem of weighted Bajraktarević means with weighted quasi-arithmetic means. Using the method of substituting for functions, we first transform the equality problem into solving an equivalent functional equation. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality equation.

The Equality–Inequality Dialectics

The assay argues that the Equality-Inequality dialectics is a very complex issue,which reflects many social dilemmas.On one side are the state official commitments to secure,maintain and protect all kinds of formal equalities.On the other side are the natural and genetic distinctions that differ between human-beings while creating and maintaining inequality.In fact,this is kind of a contradiction exists in many fields of social sciences.The essay’s author reviews some of the relevant historical events,such as social mobility,individualism and education and points out on future solutions.Among the proposed suggestions are:1)Embracing Frankl’s giving“Meaning to Life”as a leverage for increasing pleasure of life;2)Recognizing and promoting Creative Individualism as the legitimized ground for inequality;3)Increasing Social Cohesion,required for social empowerment and attaining security and happiness.

Love,Marriage and the Equality of Human Dignity

This essay aims to discuss and analyse Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester's attitude towards love and marriage. Struggling for theequality of human dignity crosses through their love from beginning to end. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion--True love and happymarriage are based upon the equality of human dignity between a couple.

Nondifferentiable Multiobjective Programming with Equality and Inequality Constraints

In this paper, we derive optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective programming problem containing a certain square root of a quadratic form in each component of the objective function in the presence of equality and inequality constraints. As an application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, a Mond-Weir type dual to this problem is formulated and various duality results are established under generalized invexity assumptions. Finally, a special case is deduced from our result.

Spatial Differentiation and Influencing Mechanism of Medical Care Accessibility in Beijing:A Migrant Equality Perspective

Spatial equality of access to basic public services, especially medical care services which are directly related to life safety, is the first step to achieve the goal of equalization of basic public services for all the people proposed by central government of China. Using the spatial analysis and the statistical analysis, this study evaluates the spatial differentiation of medical care facilities accessibility by constructing STT(Shortest Travel-Time) and SAI(Spatial Accessibility Index). And then this study explores the neighborhood effects on the medical care facilities accessibility in Beijing, with a particular focus on the effect of neighborhood migrant proportion by constructing spatial dependent regression model. The spatial accessibility analysis of medical care facilities show that the spatial distribution of medical care facilities was basically consistent with administrative regions but not with population demands. Bivariate LISA cluster maps identify that suburban areas are the overlapped clusters of high percent of migrants and limited medical care services. This is associated with the public service allocation rule in China, which stresses equality within urban areas and within rural areas but overlooks equality between urban areas and rural areas; and stresses local resident demands but overlooks migrant demands. To estimate the effects on medical care accessibility of neighborhood migrant proportion, spatial dependence models are applied due to spatial dependence of accessibility of medical care facilities. The regression results show that neighborhoods with high percent of migrants, even conditioning on neighborhood SES, are related to limited spatial accessibility of medical care services. Besides neighborhood characteristics, another important factor influencing spatial accessibility of medical care services is the process of spatial spillover effects. This indicates that the attenuate accessibility of medical care services for migrants is not only because of their own constraints but also because of their proximity to other disadvantaged neighborhoods. Therefore, it is urgently needed to increase the medical facilities in the suburban areas, to take into account migrants' demands and to reduce residential segregation between local residents and migrants for local governments to achieve the goal of equalization of medical care service.

NONNULL DISTRIBUTION OF THE LIKELIHOOD RATIO CRITERION FOR TESTING THE EQUALITY OF DIAGONAL BLOCKS WITH BLOCKWISE INDEPENDENCE

In this paper, the nonnull moments and the distributions of the likelihood ratio criterion for testing the equality of diagonal blocks with blockwise independence under certain alternatives have derived.

Ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints

The reasonable prior information between the parameters in the adjustment processing can significantly improve the precision of the parameter solution. Based on the principle of equality constraints, we establish the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints and derive the weighted least squares iterative solution of the model. In addition, aiming at the ill-posed problem of the coefficient matrix, we also propose the ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints based on the principle of ridge estimation method and derive the U-curve method to determine the ridge parameter. The experimental results show that the weighted least squares iterative solution can obtain more reasonable parameter estimation and precision information than existing solutions, verifying the feasibility of applying the equality constraints to the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model. Furthermore, the ridge estimation iterative solution can obtain more accurate parameter estimation and precision information than the weighted least squares iterative solution.

GLOBAL CONVERGENCE OF A TRUST REGION ALGORITHM USING INEXACT GRADIENT FOR EQUALITY-CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION

A trust-region algorithm is presented for a nonlinear optimization problem of equality-constraints. The characterization of the algorithm is using inexact gradient information. Global convergence results are demonstrated where the gradient values are obeyed a simple relative error condition.

VISCOSITY APPROXIMATION METHODS FOR THE SPLIT EQUALITY COMMON FIXED POINT PROBLEM OF QUASI-NONEXPANSIVE OPERATORS

Let H;, H;, H;be real Hilbert spaces, let A : H;→ H;, B : H;→ H;be two bounded linear operators. The split equality common fixed point problem（SECFP） in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces introduced by Moudafi（Alternating CQ-algorithm for convex feasibility and split fixed-point problems. Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis）is to find x ∈ F（U）, y ∈ F（T） such that Ax = By,（1）where U : H;→ H;and T : H;→ H;are two nonlinear operators with nonempty fixed point sets F（U） = {x ∈ H;: Ux = x} and F（T） = {x ∈ H;: Tx = x}. Note that,by taking B = I and H;= H;in（1）, we recover the split fixed point problem originally introduced in Censor and Segal. Recently, Moudafi introduced alternating CQ-algorithms and simultaneous iterative algorithms with weak convergence for the SECFP（1） of firmly quasi-nonexpansive operators. In this paper, we introduce two viscosity iterative algorithms for the SECFP（1） governed by the general class of quasi-nonexpansive operators. We prove the strong convergence of algorithms. Our results improve and extend previously discussed related problems and algorithms.

Stability of the MGS-like elimination method for equality constrained least squares problems

This paper proves that the weighting method via modified Gram-Schmidt（MGS） for solving the equality constrained least squares problem in the limit is equivalent to the direct elimination method via MGS（MGS-elimination method）. By virtue of this equivalence, the backward and forward roundoff error analysis of the MGS-elimination method is proved. Numerical experiments are provided to verify the results.

STRONGLY CONVERGENT ITERATIVE METHODS FOR SPLIT EQUALITY VARIATIONAL INCLUSION PROBLEMS IN BANACH SPACES

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm are proved. As applications, we shall utilize the results presented in the paper to study the split equality feasibility prob- lems in Banach spaces and the split equality equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper are new.

HIV/AIDS, Gender Equality and Reproductive Health

At the beginning of my speech, I would like to thank the Partners in Population and Development for offering us an ideal forum to share experience and discuss ways to move forward concepts prompted by ICPD Cairo conference.

ON TESTING THE EQUALITY OF K MULTIPLE AND PARTIAL CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS

Coutsourides (1980) derives an ad hoc nuisance parameter removal test for testing the equality of two multiple correlation coefficients of two independent p variate normal populations, under the assumption that a sample of size n is available from each population. He also extends his ad hoc nuisance parameter removal test to the testing of the equality of two multiple correlation matrices. This paper presents likelihood ratio tests for testing the equality of k multiple correlation coefficients, and also k partial correlation coefficients.

Heterogeneous Fault-Tolerant Aggregate Signcryption with Equality Test for Vehicular Sensor Networks

The vehicular sensor network (VSN) is an important part of intelligent transportation, which is used for real-timedetection and operation control of vehicles and real-time transmission of data and information. In the environmentofVSN, massive private data generated by vehicles are transmitted in open channels and used by other vehicle users,so it is crucial to maintain high transmission efficiency and high confidentiality of data. To deal with this problem, inthis paper, we propose a heterogeneous fault-tolerant aggregate signcryption scheme with an equality test (HFTASET).The scheme combines fault-tolerant and aggregate signcryption,whichnot onlymakes up for the deficiency oflow security of aggregate signature, but alsomakes up for the deficiency that aggregate signcryption cannot tolerateinvalid signature. The scheme supports one verification pass when all signcryptions are valid, and it supportsunbounded aggregation when the total number of signcryptions grows dynamically. In addition, this schemesupports heterogeneous equality test, and realizes the access control of private data in different cryptographicenvironments, so as to achieve flexibility in the application of our scheme and realize the function of quick searchof plaintext or ciphertext. Then, the security of HFTAS-ET is demonstrated by strict theoretical analysis. Finally, weconduct strict and standardized experimental operation and performance evaluation, which shows that the schemehas better performance.

A Possible Generalized Form of Jarzynski Equality

The crucial condition in the derivation of the Jarzynski equality （JE） from the fluctuation theorem is that the time integral of the phase space contraction factor can be exactly expressed as the entropy production resulting from the heat absorbed by the system from the thermal bath. For the system violating this condition, a more general form of JE may exist. This existence is verified by three Gedanken experiments and numerical simulations, and may be confirmed by the real experiment in the nanoscale.

GLOBAL CONVERGENCE OF TRUST REGION ALGORITHM FOR EQUALITY AND BOUND CONSTRAINED NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION

This paper presents a trust region two phase model algorithm for solving the equality and bound constrained nonlinear optimization problem. A concept of substationary point is given. Under suitable assumptions,the global convergence of this algorithm is proved without assuming the linear independence of the gradient of active constraints. A numerical example is also presented.

Analysis of gender equality in climate governance

Gender equality is a yardstick for measuring the progress of social civilization and an important goal for mankind to achieve sustainable development.The importance of women in the global governance of climate change is self-evident.During the global climate change governance,it is very crucial to focus on achieving gender equality.Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,which is the main channel of global climate change governance,the gender-specific climate change agenda started later than other topics and the progress is limited.This article summarized the progress,deficiencies and future directions of gender issues under the main channels of global climate governance,analyzed the current status of gender equality in Chinese climate response actions,and pointed out the progress and deficiencies of women in the fundamental scientific research and the participation in global governance and decision-making.Our research finds that in the current process of international climate change governance,gender issues have received adequate attention.While in China,despite the attention paid to gender issues,the practical action on gender equality is still out of the mainstream agenda.In the past few decades,Chinese women have made gratifying progress in basic scientific research on climate change and global climate governance,but there are still great insufficiencies in the field of decision-making.In the future,China needs to pay more attention to emphasize gender equality at the strategic level,and promote the formulation of policies and regulations in the field of gender and climate change.Increasing the proportion of women participating in decision-making and management in the field of climate change and disaster prevention and mitigation is also important.China also needs to focus on enabling a gender friendly environment and strengthening research on gender and climate change,support women's participation in relevant work,strengthen capacity-building,and enhance women's access to resources,funds,knowledge and information related to climate adaptation or mitigation.