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Fatty Acid Composition of Euphausia superba,Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia crystallorophias Collected from Prydz Bay,Antarctica
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作者 YANG Guang LI Chaolun WANG Yanqing 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2016年第2期297-302,共6页
The information of trophic relationship is important for studying the Southern Ocean ecosystems. In this study, three dominant krill species, Euphausia superba, Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia crystallorophias, were... The information of trophic relationship is important for studying the Southern Ocean ecosystems. In this study, three dominant krill species, Euphausia superba, Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia crystallorophias, were collected from Prydz Bay, Antarctica, during austral summer of 2009/2010. The composition of fatty acids in these species was studied. E. superba and T. macrura showed a similar fatty acid composition which was dominated by C140, C16:0, EPA (eicosapentenoic acid) and DHA (decosahexenoic acid) while E. crystallorophias showed higher contents of C 18:1(n-9), C 18: 1 (n-7), DHA and EPA than the former two. Higher fatty acid ratios of C 18:1(n-9)/18:1(n-7), PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid)/SFA (saturated fatty acid), and 18PUFA/16PUFA indicated that E. crystallorophias should be classified as a typical onmivore with a higher trophic position compared with E. superba and T. rnacrura. 展开更多
关键词 fatty acid KRILL Prydz Bay euphausia superba euphausia crystallorophias Thysanoessa macrura
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南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)与脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)营养学特征分析及鲜味评价 被引量:18
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作者 曹荣 赵玲 +1 位作者 孙慧慧 刘淇 《食品科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第4期149-153,共5页
为科学评价南极磷虾这一新兴资源,同时为小型虾的高值化加工利用提供参考,选取体型上相近的南极磷虾与脊尾白虾作为研究对象,通过测定基本营养成分、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成分析2种虾的营养学特征,通过测定游离氨基酸与呈味核苷酸,进而... 为科学评价南极磷虾这一新兴资源,同时为小型虾的高值化加工利用提供参考,选取体型上相近的南极磷虾与脊尾白虾作为研究对象,通过测定基本营养成分、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成分析2种虾的营养学特征,通过测定游离氨基酸与呈味核苷酸,进而计算滋味活性值与味精当量(equivalent umami concentration,EUC)评价其鲜度。结果表明,南极磷虾和脊尾白虾的粗蛋白质量分数具有显著性差异(P<0.05),分别为13.25%和16.41%,粗脂肪质量分数同样差异显著(P<0.05),分别为3.12%和1.10%。2种虾的脂肪酸组成有明显不同,南极磷虾的不饱和脂肪酸含量相对更高。南极磷虾的水解氨基酸总量低于脊尾白虾(P<0.05),但必需氨基酸所占比例更高,更加符合FAO/WHO推荐的蛋白质营养的理想模式。南极磷虾和脊尾白虾均是次黄嘌呤核苷酸和游离谷氨酸对鲜味起主要贡献作用,其EUC分别为11.01 g MSG/100 g和12.98 g MSG/100 g。南极磷虾与脊尾白虾都具有较高的营养价值,且具备理想的鲜味特征,在普通食品、调味品开发方面具有广阔的市场前景。 展开更多
关键词 南极磷虾 脊尾白虾 营养 鲜味
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南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)线粒体基因组特征及其分子标记应用 被引量:5
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作者 申欣 孙松 +4 位作者 王海青 王敏晓 任建峰 张光涛 刘斌 《海洋与湖沼》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第5期446-454,共9页
为揭示南极磷虾(Eupahusia superba)(甲壳动物:软甲纲:磷虾目)线粒体基因组特征,及通过比较不同海域南极磷虾的线粒体基因组探讨潜在的分子标记,采用Long PCR扩增技术获得采自普里兹湾(Prydz Bay)南极磷虾线粒体基因组DNA,综合Primers-w... 为揭示南极磷虾(Eupahusia superba)(甲壳动物:软甲纲:磷虾目)线粒体基因组特征,及通过比较不同海域南极磷虾的线粒体基因组探讨潜在的分子标记,采用Long PCR扩增技术获得采自普里兹湾(Prydz Bay)南极磷虾线粒体基因组DNA,综合Primers-walking和Shotgun方法进行测序;通过生物信息学软件(DOGMA、tRNAscan-SE1.21和DnaSP4.10.7等)进行基因预测及序列分析。南极磷虾线粒体基因组全长15498 bp以上(部分非编码区未测定),包含13个蛋白编码基因、2个核糖体RNA基因和23个转运RNA基因。与后生动物线粒体基因组标准的基因组成相比,存在1个trnN基因的重复。南极磷虾线粒体基因组的基因排列与泛甲壳动物线粒体基因组的原始排列相比,出现4个转运RNA基因的易位:trnL1、trnL2、trnW和trnI以及1个trnN的重复。比较采自普里兹湾(Prydz Bay)和威德尔海(Weddell Sea)南极磷虾的线粒体基因组,作者发现在南极磷虾线粒体基因组的主编码基因中,变异最大的是nad2基因,差异位点高达61个,其次是nad5基因,差异位点有12个;而cox1基因的变异位点仅有3个。Nad2基因和nad5基因可作为cox1基因辅助的分子标记,用于分析南极磷虾不同地理种群之间的遗传多样性,为合理利用南极磷虾生物资源提供保障。 展开更多
关键词 南极磷虾 线粒体基因组 海洋生态 浮游动物 分子标记
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南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)起捕后蛋白自溶进程及其影响因素 被引量:6
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作者 曹荣 余弈珂 +2 位作者 赵玲 孙慧慧 刘淇 《渔业科学进展》 CSCD 北大核心 2018年第6期114-118,共5页
为了有效保持南极磷虾(Euphausiasuperba)原料品质,实现其高质化利用,本研究选取冷冻南极磷虾作为研究对象,在实验室条件下以非蛋白氮(NPN)含量、三氯乙酸(TCA)可溶性蛋白含量与氨基酸态氮含量为指标,证实了南极磷虾NPN含量的变化可以... 为了有效保持南极磷虾(Euphausiasuperba)原料品质,实现其高质化利用,本研究选取冷冻南极磷虾作为研究对象,在实验室条件下以非蛋白氮(NPN)含量、三氯乙酸(TCA)可溶性蛋白含量与氨基酸态氮含量为指标,证实了南极磷虾NPN含量的变化可以表征蛋白自溶进程,且可以实现海上处理样品、运至陆地实验室后进行分析的目的。在此基础上,选取完整的及挤压破损的新鲜南极磷虾作为研究对象,以0~8h南极磷虾样品的NPN为指标,研究了南极磷虾起捕后蛋白自溶进程以及挤压破损对该过程的影响。结果显示,南极磷虾起捕死亡后的1h内,NPN无显著变化(P>0.05),1 h后NPN迅速增加,挤压破损加速了南极磷虾的自溶进程,因此,目前的拖网作业方式有待改进。 展开更多
关键词 南极磷虾 蛋白质 自溶 非蛋白氮
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2002年1月份南极普里兹湾海域南极磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)的丰度和种群结构研究 被引量:5
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作者 刘永芹 孙松 +1 位作者 张永山 刘会莲 《极地研究》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第4期275-282,共8页
对2002年1月份在南极普里兹湾海域三条断面(68.5°E、70.5°E和73°E)用IKMT网采集的幼体后期南极磷虾(E.superba)的水平分布和种群结构进行了研究。南极磷虾主要位于64°S以南的海域,64°S以北磷虾数量很少。南极... 对2002年1月份在南极普里兹湾海域三条断面(68.5°E、70.5°E和73°E)用IKMT网采集的幼体后期南极磷虾(E.superba)的水平分布和种群结构进行了研究。南极磷虾主要位于64°S以南的海域,64°S以北磷虾数量很少。南极磷虾的平均丰度和生物量分别为68.85 ind.1 000 m-3和24.16 g.1 000 m-3,丰度和生物量最高的4个站位均位于深海区。调查海域内南极磷虾的体长范围在30—53 mm之间(N=1 758),平均体长为38.45±3.68 mm(SD)。南极磷虾的雌性比例接近1∶1,雌体占47.6%(次成体31.9%;成体5.7%),雄体占46.6%(次成体42.7%;成体3.9%),未成体占5.8%。南极磷虾种群结构存在地域差异,调查海域西部未成体比例较高、雄体发育状态较低,而东部情况相反;70.5°E和73°E的站位磷虾种群结构存在纬度差异,高纬度区域磷虾体长较短,雌雄比例较高;低纬度区域体长较长,雌雄比例较低。 展开更多
关键词 南极磷虾 分布 丰度 种群结构 普里兹湾
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南极半岛邻近海域南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)的数量组成和分布 被引量:2
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作者 左涛 陈丹 +2 位作者 赵宪勇 吴强 李显森 《渔业科学进展》 CSCD 北大核心 2015年第2期1-10,共10页
根据2010年1月23日-2月13日在南极南设得兰群岛和南奥克尼群岛邻近海域渔场采集的南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)样品,分析了南极大磷虾数量、个体体长分布和发育期组成等种群结构特点。样品由330μm和500μm浮游生物网垂直拖网和... 根据2010年1月23日-2月13日在南极南设得兰群岛和南奥克尼群岛邻近海域渔场采集的南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)样品,分析了南极大磷虾数量、个体体长分布和发育期组成等种群结构特点。样品由330μm和500μm浮游生物网垂直拖网和表层水平拖网两种采集方式所获。结果显示,采集样中,南奥克尼群岛水域的南极大磷虾平均密度为1.92 ind/m3,高于南设得兰群岛水域的相应值(0.35 ind/m3);出现的南极大磷虾个体发育期包括CI至CIII期原蚤状幼体、FI至FIV期和FVI期蚤状幼体、未成体、成体(包括雌体和雄体);各发育期个体中,原蚤状幼体数量较多;原蚤状幼体、蚤状幼体、未成体及成体的体长范围(平均体长)分别为1.76–4.96 mm(3.48 mm)、3.95–14.80 mm(5.96 mm)、16.87–39.85 mm(36.10 mm)、40.00–58.96 mm(43.94 mm)。CIII期原蚤状幼体和FI期蚤状幼体的生长率较高。推测,南奥克尼群岛水域南极大磷虾生殖季节始于9月末,集中出现在12月中上旬;而南设得兰群岛生殖季节应早于上述水域。比较两种采集方式,南极大磷虾在水平网中的出现频率和个体出现数量均高于垂直网采集样的相应值,建议传统垂直拖网与水平拖网两种采样方式有效结合,可促进更全面了解大磷虾水平分布和种群结构特点。 展开更多
关键词 南极大磷虾 数量分布 发育期 生长率 南极半岛
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Inferring trophic variation for Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) in the Antarctic Peninsula from the austral fall to early winter using stable isotope analysis 被引量:3
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作者 ZHU Guoping ZHANG Haiting +3 位作者 SONG Qi YANG Yang WANG Shaoqin YANG Qingyuan 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第6期90-95,共6页
The Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) is a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem and an important link in the food web of the Antarctic ecosystem. The trophic information for this species during the transitio... The Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) is a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem and an important link in the food web of the Antarctic ecosystem. The trophic information for this species during the transition from the austral fall to the winter is important to understand its poorly known overwintering mechanisms. However, the few studies on the topic differ in their results, in terms of both spatial and temporal variables. We investigated the size dependence and monthly and regional variation in δ^(13) C and δ^(15) N values of adult krill in the Antarctic Peninsula, in the austral fall(April to May) and the early winter(June). We aimed to examine the trophic variations of krill occurred during this period, and the relationship between krill and their feeding environment in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. The following results were obtained:(1) no significant relationship was observed between size and the δ13 C value of krill, but the δ15 N value of krill presented a remarkable association with size;(2)the δ13 C values of krill increased during the austral fall, but no remarkable variation existed at the onset of winter,and the δ15 N values were not significant different during this period;(3) mean δ15 N values of krill differed significantly between the Bransfield Strait and the South Shetland Islands. Our data imply that adult krill present size-, season-, and region-dependent trophic variation during the transition from austral fall to early winter in the Antarctic Peninsula. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba stable isotope trophic variation Antarctic Peninsula feeding habit
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Thermal and saline tolerance of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under controlled in-situ aquarium conditions 被引量:2
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作者 ZHU Guoping LIU Zijun +3 位作者 YANG Yang WANG Zhen YANG Wenjie XU Liuxiong 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第3期1080-1089,共10页
As a key species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem,the thermal and saline tolerances of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superb a Dana)are relatively unknown because of the challenging environment and complicated situations ne... As a key species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem,the thermal and saline tolerances of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superb a Dana)are relatively unknown because of the challenging environment and complicated situations needed for observation have inhibited in-situ experiments in the field.Hence,the thermal and saline tolerance of krill were examined under in-situ aquarium conditions with different controlled scenarios.According to the experiments,the critical lethal times of krill were 24h,2h and 0.5h under 9℃,12℃,and 15℃,respectively,and the estimated 50%lethal times were about 17.1 h and 1.7 h under 12℃and 15℃,respectively.Additionally,the critical lethal times(the estimated 50%lethal times)of krill were approximately 14h and 0.5h(about 22.9 h and 1.7 h)of salinity under 19.7 and 15.9,respectively.The observed critical and 50%lethal times of krill were 0.5 h and approximately 1.4 h,respectively,salinity under 55.2.The critical and 50%lethal temperatures of krill were 13℃and approximately 14.2℃,respectively.Additionally,the critical and 50%lethal salinity was 19.6 and approximately 17.5 for the lower saline(below normal oceanic salinity[34.4])environment and 50.3 and approximately 53.2 for the higher saline(above 34.4)environment,respectively.The upper thermal and saline preferences of krill can be considered 6℃and 26.8 to 41.2,respectively.These results can provide potential scenarios for predicting the possible fate of this key species in the Southern Ocean. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba THERMAL TOLERANCE SALINE TOLERANCE THERMAL PREFERENCE IN-SITU AQUARIUM experiment
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Extraction of Astaxanthin from Euphausia pacific Using Subcritical 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane 被引量:5
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作者 HAN Yuqian MA Qinchuan +1 位作者 WANG Lan XUE Changhu 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2012年第4期562-568,共7页
Euphausia pacific is an important source of natural astaxanthin. Studies were carried out to assess the extractability of astaxanthin from E. pacific using subcritical 1, 1, 1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a). To examine... Euphausia pacific is an important source of natural astaxanthin. Studies were carried out to assess the extractability of astaxanthin from E. pacific using subcritical 1, 1, 1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a). To examine the effects of multiple process variables on the extraction yield, astaxanthin was extracted under various conditions of pressure (30-150bar), temperature (303-343 K), time (10-50rain), flow rate (2-10gmin-1), moisture content (5.5%-63.61%), and particle size (0.25-0.109mm). The results showed that the extraction yield increased with temperature, pressure, time and flow rate, but decreased with moisture content and particle size. A maximum yield of 87.74% was obtained under conditions of 100bar, 333K, and 30min with a flow rate of 6gmin-1 and a moisture content of 5.5%. The substantial astaxanthin yield obtained under low-pressure conditions demonstrates that subcritical R134a is a good alternative to CO2 for extraction of astaxanthin from E. pacific. 展开更多
关键词 subcritical R134a astaxanthin extraction euphausia pacific
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Population distribution, structure and growth condition of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba Dana) during the austral summer in the Southern Ocean 被引量:2
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作者 SHI Yongqiang SUN Song +1 位作者 LI Chaolun TAO Zhencheng 《Advances in Polar Science》 2014年第3期183-191,共9页
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) was collected using a High Speed Collector and an Isaac-Kidd midwater trawl (IKMT) net during the austral summer of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 in the circumpolar and Prydz Bay... Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) was collected using a High Speed Collector and an Isaac-Kidd midwater trawl (IKMT) net during the austral summer of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 in the circumpolar and Prydz Bay regions of the Southern Ocean, respectively. Combined with the simultaneous recording of environmental factors, spatial distribution, population structure and growth condition of E. superba were studied. The abundance of E. superba in the Weddell Sea was higher than in Prydz Bay. However, the abundance of E. superba in both the Weddell Sea and Prydz Bay was lower than figures reported in previous krill surveys for the same time period. With respect to the total study area, E. superba displayed a normal growing state during the two expeditions. E. superba grew relatively poorly in some stations, which may be due to the late retreat of sea ice or lower chlorophyll a concentrations. The number of juvenile E. superba collected using the High Speed Collector was proportionally greater in stations located at the edge of the sea ice, while adults dominated in long-term non-ice regions. This phenomenon reflects the different distribution pattern between juvenile and adult krill. The population structure of E. superba differed between sea regions, which may affect recruitment. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba population distribution growing state sea ice WeddeH Sea Prydz Bay
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Ex situ echo sounder target strengths of ice krill Euphausia crystallorophias 被引量:2
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作者 Hyoung Sul LA Hyungbeen LEE +2 位作者 Donhyug KANG SangHoon LEE Hyoung Chul SHIN 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第3期802-808,共7页
Ice krill is the keystone species in the neritic ecosystem in the Southern Ocean, where it replaces the more oceanic Antarctic krill. It is essential to understand the variation of target strength (TS in dB re l m^2... Ice krill is the keystone species in the neritic ecosystem in the Southern Ocean, where it replaces the more oceanic Antarctic krill. It is essential to understand the variation of target strength (TS in dB re l m^2) with the different body size to accurately estimate ice krill stocks. However, there is comparatively little knowledge of the acoustic backscatter of ice krill. The TS of individual, formalin-preserved, tethered ice krill was measured in a freshwater test tank at 38, 120, and 200 kHz with a calibrated split-beam echo sounder system. Mean TS was obtained from 21 individual ice krill with a broad range of body lengths (L: 13-36 iron). The length (L, mm) to wet weight (W; mg) relationship for ice krill was 11/=0.001 21g^103~L35s (R2=0.96). The mean TS-to-length relationship were TS38kHz=-177.4+57log10(L), (R^2=0.86); TS120kHz= -129.9+31.561ogf0(L), (R2=0.87); and TS200kHz=-117.6+24.661ogre(L), (R2=0.84). Empirical estimates of the relationship between the TS and body length of ice krill were established at 38, 120, and 200 kHz and compared with predictions obtained from both the linear regression model of Greene et al. (1991) and the Stochastic Distorted Wave Born Approximation (SDWBA) model. This result might be applied to improve acoustic detection and density estimation of ice krill in the Southern Ocean. Further comparative studies are needed with in situ target strength including various body lengths of ice krill. 展开更多
关键词 ice krill euphausia crystallorophias ex situ target strength split-beam echo sounder
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Geographical distribution and age composition of Euphausia superba larvae (Crustacea: Euphausiacea) in the South Shetland Islands region and southern Scotia Sea in relation to environmental conditions 被引量:1
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作者 GAO Qian XU Zhaoli +3 位作者 HUANG Hongliang CHEN Xuezhong FENG Chunlei LI Lingzhi 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第11期59-67,共9页
Spatial distribution patterns of the different life stages of Euphausia superba in the region of the South Shet- land Islands and southern Scotia Sea (Antarctica) were assessed based on scientific survey data collec... Spatial distribution patterns of the different life stages of Euphausia superba in the region of the South Shet- land Islands and southern Scotia Sea (Antarctica) were assessed based on scientific survey data collected in lanuary and February of 2010. Adults, eggs, nauplii, metanauplii, calyptopis I-Ill, and furcilia I-II were found in the investigation. The abundance of larvae averaged 1 172.8 ind./mz, with calyptopis I and II as the dominant stages. Habitat occupancy patterns varied among Euphausia superba at different stages, and three sub-regions were identified by cluster analysis. The degree of larval development increased from west to east. Larvae were not observed north of the South Shetland Islands. Calyptopis I was predominant in the water between Elephant Island and the South Orkney Islands, which featured no thermocline. Older stages, including calyptopis II and III and furcilia I and II, were common in north and northeast of the South Orkney Islands, which were characterized by high temperature and high chlorophyll concentration. Distri- bution and abundance of the early life stages of E. superba were associated with specific environmental con- ditions. According to Biota-Environment matching (BIOENV), the distributions of E. superba larvae were correlated with a combination of temperature at the surface and 200 m, and 0-100 m integrated chlorophyll a concentration. 展开更多
关键词 Southern Ocean euphausia superba LARVAE distribution pattern
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ANALYSIS OF THE STOMACH CONTENTS OF ANTARCTIC KRILL, EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA DANA 被引量:2
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作者 朱根海 《Chinese Journal of Polar Science》 1993年第2期11-20,共10页
Diet components of Euphausia superba of 12 sexual maturity stages from the adjacent waters off the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica were analysed. The major points observed are summaried as follows: 135 taxa of nano... Diet components of Euphausia superba of 12 sexual maturity stages from the adjacent waters off the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica were analysed. The major points observed are summaried as follows: 135 taxa of nano- and microorganisms were found in stomach contents of Euphausia superba, of which, the diatoms make up 60% of the total species number. Planktonic nano- diatoms and nano- flagellates smaller than 20μm in diameter accounted for 85 % of diet total number. The dominant species in the stomach contents were Nitzschia angulata f. minima, N. curta f. minima, N. curta,Chrysostomum sp. , the mean cell number of these species was about 56. 99 cells/ind. , The stomach fullness increases gradually with the sexual mature of the krill. 展开更多
关键词 the South Shetland Islands euphausia superba stomach contents nano- and microalgae
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Study on the distribution,abundance and growth condition of Antarctic Krill(Euphausia superba)in the Prydz Bay region,Antarctica during the Austral summer of 1999/2000 被引量:2
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作者 刘会莲 孙松 吉鹏 《Chinese Journal of Polar Science》 2002年第2期117-128,共12页
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encoun... Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encountered at 14 sites, the abundance was comparatively low in general. The main component of the krill population was of post -larval stages. The mean numerical and weight density of krill integrated for all sampling stations in the survey area were 16. 17 ind. 1000 m -3and 12.02 g 1000 m -3 , respectively. In the survey area, stations with larger krill density are mainly located in the slope zone, except that the largest sample was collected in the open sea zone. No krill occurred in the only station of the shelf zone during our investigation. Krill collected from the slope zone were under better growth condition than those from the open sea zone, but when the survey area is considered as a whole, the growth condition is normal. The results of the comprehensive analysis of the environmental factors show that the three large sample stations seem to be related with the cold water mass at 75 m depth and the confluence area between the high and low Chla centers at the depth of 25 m. 展开更多
关键词 Antarctic krill (euphausia superba) Prydz Bay ANTARCTICA growth condi-tion.
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Biodiversity and phylogenetic analysis of the gut microbiome of Euphausia superba Dana from the Rose Sea of the Antarctic Ocean 被引量:1
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作者 YUAN Lidong LI Lingzhi +4 位作者 TIAN Xiaoqing TANG Yingying FAN Chengqi HUANG Hongliang YANG Qiao 《Advances in Polar Science》 2016年第1期48-55,共8页
Metabolites derived from marine symbiotic microorganisms have great potential as lead compounds for the discovery of novel marine drugs. Euphausia superba Dana, which lives in the Antarctic Ocean, is regarded as a new... Metabolites derived from marine symbiotic microorganisms have great potential as lead compounds for the discovery of novel marine drugs. Euphausia superba Dana, which lives in the Antarctic Ocean, is regarded as a new source of marine microbial natural products. However, no studies have examined the biodiversity of the symbiotic intestinal microbiome of E. superba. To address this issue, the species diversity and abundance of the gut microbiome of E. superba Dana from the Rose Sea of the Antarctic Ocean were analyzed by culture-independent high-throughput sequencing and pure culture methods. A comparison with gene databases revealed that the microbiome contained 61 known microbial species and a plethora of uncultivable microorganisms. Additionally, 7% of the species in the microbiome were currently unknown. The microbes belonged to 56 genera, eight of which, including Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Candidatus, Lactococcus, Lysinibacillus, Leuconostoc, Solibacillus, and Vibrio, were dominant, as were Vibrionaceae spp. Moreover, 81 microbial strains were isolated by the pure culture method, and they belonged to 36 genera, including Mobilicoccus, Rhodococcus, Arthrobacter, and Microbacterium. The results obtained by two different methods demonstrate the richness of the microbial biodiversity of the gut microbiome of E. superba, and it also suggests that they have good potential for the discovery of novel marine microbial species. 展开更多
关键词 BIODIVERSITY euphausia superba Dana gut microbiome phylogenetic analysis
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Feeding strategies of Euphausia superba in the eastern South Shetland Islands in austral summer
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作者 Mengtan Liu Zhencheng Tao +4 位作者 Ye Zhang Guang Yang Song Sun Chaolun Li Fengfeng Le 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第10期75-83,共9页
Euphausia superba is a key species in the Southern Ocean that serves as a link between primary production and higher trophic levels.To investigate the feeding strategies of E.superba from the eastern South Shetland Is... Euphausia superba is a key species in the Southern Ocean that serves as a link between primary production and higher trophic levels.To investigate the feeding strategies of E.superba from the eastern South Shetland Islands,fatty acid biomarkers,stable isotope signatures,and an incubation experiment were conducted.The results of the incubation experiment proved that adult E.superba mainly fed on 2–20μm particles,demonstrating the importance of nanoplankton in their diet.Moreover,significant positive relationships betweenδ15N and body size demonstrated that size-related dietary shifts were present in E.superba.Evidence from principal component analysis and the C16:1ω7/C18:4ω3 ratio showed that juveniles preferentially fed on dinoflagellates and adults were more likely to feed on diatoms.Fatty acid profiles in adult E.superba roughly mirrored the different trophic conditions and feeding strategies between stations.Adult E.superba at Stas D2-07,D5-07,DA-01 and DA-02 exhibited elevated levels of C16:1ω7,C18:4ω3,C18:1ω9 and C18:1ω9/C18:1ω7,indicating higher levels of feeding on both phytoplankton and higher trophic diets.In contrast,adult E.superba at Stas D1-03 and D1-04 were characterized by high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratios and low levels of C16:1ω7,C18:1ω7,C18:4ω3,C18:1ω9 and total fatty acids.We inferred that adult krill at Stas D1-03 and D1-04 still suffered from difficult dietary conditions after overwintering.The different dietary conditions between stations suggest a highly plastic feeding strategy of E.superba in the eastern South Shetland Islands. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba South SHETLAND ISLANDS FATTY ACIDS stable ISOTOPES
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Seasonal size composition and abundance distribution of Euphausia pacifica in relation to environmental factors in the southern Yellow Sea
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作者 Tao Zuo Hui Liu 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第2期70-77,共8页
The seasonal size structure and spatial abundance distributions of Euphausia pacifica populations were investigated in the central part of southern Yellow Sea from August 2009 to May 2010.The abundance and biomass of ... The seasonal size structure and spatial abundance distributions of Euphausia pacifica populations were investigated in the central part of southern Yellow Sea from August 2009 to May 2010.The abundance and biomass of E.pacifica were higher in spring and summer,and lower in autumn and winter.The mean abundance and biomass(calculated by carbon)were 74.94 ind./m^3 and 8.23 mg/m^3,respectively.Females with total length(TL)ranging between 10 and 19 mm in summer had a substantial contribution to the population biomass,whereas larvae of TL of 3–7 mm in spring were the main contributor to the population abundance.The sex ratio(female:male)showed a female bias in four seasons.Its value peaked in summer,and then decreased in autumn,spring,and winter successively.Cohort analysis revealed that the length-frequency distribution of E.pacifica could be characterized as one group with large animals(mean TL>12 mm)accompanied by one or two subgroups of small individuals(mean TL<7 mm).Regarding the spatial distribution,juveniles and adults of E.pacifica tend to concentrate in relatively deep water with low temperature(~11℃)and high salinity(>32),whereas its larvae showed more abundance in inshore water with rich chlorophyll a,low salinity(<32),and warm temperature(>11℃),especially in summer and autumn.Associations changed seasonally between stage-specific abundance and environmental factors. 展开更多
关键词 spatial DISTRIBUTION size composition biomass euphausia pacifica YELLOW Sea
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The distribution and demography of Euphausia superba in Prydz Bay during the austral summer 2002
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作者 LIU Yongqin SUN Song +1 位作者 ZHANG Yongshan LIU Huilian 《Advances in Polar Science》 2012年第1期12-18,共7页
This study documents the horizontal distribution and demography of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana), col- lected using trawls, from the Prydz Bay region during January 2002. Euphausia superba (E. superba) ... This study documents the horizontal distribution and demography of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana), col- lected using trawls, from the Prydz Bay region during January 2002. Euphausia superba (E. superba) was distributed primarily south of 64S. The average density and biomass were estimated as 68.85 ind.(1 000 m3) and 24.16 g wet weight-(1 000 m3), re- spectively. Highest values were located in the open sea (depth 〉 3 000 m). Body length ofE. superba ranged from 30 to 55 mm (N=1 758), with a mean length of 38.45~3.68 mm (SD). The overall sex ratio was approximately 1 : 1, 47.6% females (41.9% sub-adults and 5.7% adults), 46.6% males (42.7% sub-adults and 3.9% adults), while 5.8% were juveniles. The population struc- ture of E. superba exhibited geographical variation. At stations in the western part of the survey area populations had a high pro- portion of juveniles, a lower sexual maturity stage for males and small body size, while the opposite was found at stations in the eastern part. A latitudinal difference was found at stations along 70.5°E and 73°E transects: body length was small and the sex ratio was high in regions of high latitude, while the opposite occurred in areas of low latitude. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba DISTRIBUTION DENSITY population structure Prydz Bay
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Notes Diet analysis of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana
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作者 Zhu GenhaiSecond Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou, China 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1989年第3期457-462,共6页
Sampling date and position are shown in Table 1. Complete E. superbasamples with fullstomach were usua1ly used. They were averagely 45 mm long and 1.5 g weight (wet). Beingconcentrated with filtered sea water, every f... Sampling date and position are shown in Table 1. Complete E. superbasamples with fullstomach were usua1ly used. They were averagely 45 mm long and 1.5 g weight (wet). Beingconcentrated with filtered sea water, every food species from krill stomach was observed andidentified under an optical microscope, and their size was measured. Food species in stomachcontent of E. superbawere divided into five classes, according to the presence of species indi- 展开更多
关键词 In area Notes Diet analysis of Antarctic krill euphausia superba Dana
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The impact of salps(Salpa thompsoni)on the Antarctic krill population(Euphausia superba):an individual-based modelling study
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作者 Bruno Walter Pietzsch Aaron Schmidt +3 位作者 Jürgen Groeneveld Dominik Bahlburg Bettina Meyer Uta Berger 《Ecological Processes》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第1期680-695,共16页
Background Krill(Euphausia superba)and salps(Salpa thompsoni)are key macrozooplankton grazers in the Southern Ocean ecosystem.However,due to differing habitat requirements,both species previously exhibited little spat... Background Krill(Euphausia superba)and salps(Salpa thompsoni)are key macrozooplankton grazers in the Southern Ocean ecosystem.However,due to differing habitat requirements,both species previously exhibited little spatial overlap.With ongoing climate change-induced seawater temperature increase and regional sea ice loss,salps can now extend their spatial distribution into historically krill-dominated areas and increase rapidly due to asexual reproduction when environmental conditions are favorable.Understanding the potential effects on krill is crucial,since krill is a species of exceptional trophic significance in the Southern Ocean food web.Negative impacts on krill could trigger cascading effects on its predators and prey.To address this question,we combined two individual-based models on salps and krill,which describe the whole life cycle of salp individuals and the dynamic energy budget of individual krill.The resulting new model PEKRIS(PErformance of KRIll vs.Salps)simulates a krill population for 100 years under varying chlorophyll-a concentrations in the presence or absence of salps.Results All of the investigated krill population properties(abundance,mean length,and yearly egg production)were significantly impacted by the presence of salps.On the other hand,salp density was not impacted if krill were present.The medians of krill population properties deviated during variable maximum chlorophyll-a density per year when salps were introduced by−99.9%(−234 individuals per 1000 m3)for krill density,−100%(−22,062 eggs per 1000 m3)for krill eggs and−0.9%(−0.3 mm)for mean length of krill.Conclusions If both species compete for the same food resource in a closed space,salps seem to inhibit krill populations.Further simulation studies should investigate whether this effect prevails if different phytoplankton sizes and consumption preferences of krill are implemented.Furthermore,direct predation of the two species or consumption of krill fecal pellets by salps could change the impact size of the food competition. 展开更多
关键词 euphausia superba Salpa thompsoni Individual-based model Food competition Population dynamics DEB theory
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