应用滑模控制的四开关逆变器PMSM系统FCS-MPC策略

为了提高三相四开关逆变器永磁同步电机(PMSM)控制系统的性能,采用滑模控制方法,提出一种有限控制集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)策略,并设计可以无抖振、单调收敛的滑模转速调节器.所设计的控制系统能够保证PMSM系统可靠稳定地运行,可抑制PMSM的电磁转矩脉动,改善三相定子电流波形效果,具备良好的转速跟随性能.仿真结果表明,与常规FCS-MPC方法相比,滑模转速调节器可以使电机加载时的转速跌落更小,并且转速能够更快恢复至参考值.所提出的FCS-MPC策略可以明显减小PMSM转矩脉动,降低三相定子电流总谐波失真(THD)值.当系统参数发生变化时,PMSM系统仍可平稳运行,三相定子电流能够保持良好的平衡性.

基于MATLAB/Simulink的快速FCS-MPC级联H桥STATCOM耗散功率计算及分析

针对一种应用于级联H桥STATCOM的快速FCS-MPC策略,基于MATLAB/Simulink建立的通用器件耗散功率计算模型,结合器件特性及工作状态参数,仿真计算耗散功率,得到各种极端工作条件下,器件稳态耗散功率值及结点温度的波动范围。通过实验平台测试,验证了此方法的有效性和准确性。定量分析了电网电压、控制时间和开关损耗权重系数等参数改变对器件耗散功率的影响,为设备产品化热设计提供了参考范围及典型值,有利于分配合理的通路热阻,评估变流器热管理的合理性和可靠性。

FCS-MPC在HAPF无功补偿控制中抑制谐振的研究

针对有源滤波器(APF)在无功补偿过程出现谐振的问题,为提高动态无功补偿中使用的控制算法的动态响应能力,提出一种新的基于有限控制集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)的动态无功补偿策略。该策略是基于LCL滤波器方程的模型来预测系统状态并优化控制,同时采用多变量结构控制和自适应陷波滤波器来抑制共振,跟踪负载无功功率的波动和突变,提升HAPF的动态响应能力。并通过仿真和实际结果证明了FCS-MPC在HAPF无功控制中的可行性,设备的动态响应明显提高。结果表明,FCS-MPC在HAPF无功控制中可以快速跟踪负载无功功率变化,有效抑制APF中出现的谐振且系统的动态响应能力明显提升。

Active disturbance rejection control FCS-MPC strategy based on ESO of PMSM system

In order to improve the control performance of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)system,an active disturbance rejection finite control set-mode predictive control(FCS-MPC)strategy based on improved extended state observer(ESO)is proposed in this paper.ESO is designed based on the arc-hyperbolic sine function to obtain estimations of rotating speed and back electromotive force(EMF)term of motor speed.Active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)is applied as speed controller.The proposed FCS-MPC strategy aims to reduce the electromagnetic torque ripple and the complexity and calculation of the algorithm.Compared with the FCS-MPC strategy based on PI controller,the constructed control strategy can guarantee the reliable and stable operation of PMSM system,and has good speed tracking,anti-interference ability and robustness.

FCS-MPC for four-switch three-phase AC-DC converters with DC-link capacitor voltage balancing

Due to the decrease in the number of switches for the four-switch three-phase alternating current-direct current(FSTP AC-DC)converter,it can easily lead to DC-link capacitor voltage imbalance and the system stability reduction.In order to solve these problems,a finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC)for FSTP AC-DC converters with DC-link capacitor voltage balancing is proposed.In this strategy,in order to facilitate calculation,theαβcoordinate system model is established and all voltage vectors are evaluated by establishing a cost function.During the whole process,phase locked loop(PLL)and complex modulation strategy are not required.In the new established cost function,the additional objective term of suppressing capacitor voltage fluctuation is to eliminate effectively the capacitor voltages oscillations and deviations and improve the system reliability.The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can keep the capacitor voltage balancing and has good dynamic and static performance.

两级式单相光伏逆变器并网过电压抑制策略研究

随着高渗透分布式光伏电站接入低压配电网,其并网点过电压现象日益严重。以两级式单相NPC三电平并网逆变器为例,提出了一种基于有限控制集模型预测控制(finite control set model predictive control,FCS-MPC)的过电压抑制方法。采用改进的粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法追踪光伏阵列的最大功率点(maximum power point,MPP),将其作为有功功率参考值。分析光伏电站接入配电网造成过电压现象的原因,利用逆变器的无功调压理论,得出逆变器的无功功率参考值。通过目标函数的设计,使得逆变器输出时变的有功功率和无功功率,从源侧解决了光伏并网的过电压问题。在Simulink仿真中进行验证,结果表明:相比扰动观测法和电导增量法,改进的PSO算法稳态震荡和跟踪误差最小,跟踪效率最高;当并网点出现过电压现象时,所提的过电压抑制策略可以使逆变器输出一定的无功功率,将并网点电压调节到安全范围以内。

离散集模型预测控制在电力电子装置中的应用

电力电子装置是一类混成系统,设计控制器时必须考虑这一特性。离散集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)可以很好地将离散信号与连续信号通过相应的模型相连接,研究电力电子装置的离散集模型预测控制是对常规控制的补充,具有重大意义。本文为三相电压型电力电子变换器设计了离散集模型预测控制器。首先,建立了控制变量的矢量预测模型,旨在简单直观实现变换器非线性控制的同时提高其响应速度。其次,选取复数域电流矢量信号为基础设计目标函数,在省略坐标变换的同时避免了过电流的问题。最后,针对离散集模型预测控制计算量大的问题,建立了相邻矢量选取原则,大大减少了计算量。仿真结果表明,电力电子装置的离散集模型预测控制可以提高其动态响应速度,建立的相邻矢量选取原则在保证输出电流质量的前提下,大大减少了控制器计算量,为硬件实现奠定了基础。

基于有限集模型预测控制的无刷直流电机转矩波动抑制

针对无刷直流电机(BLDCM)在六脉冲驱动方式下存在较大换相转矩波动的问题,设计了一种基于有限集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)的转矩波动抑制算法。首先,预测电机换相时非换相相电流的特征。然后,通过价值函数选择出最佳的驱动电路开关管导通状态,抑制非换相相电流的波动。实验结果为,使用本文所设计的转矩波动抑制算法时,电机在高速运行时的转矩波动偏差比为4.04%,低速运行时的转矩波动偏差比为0.88%。实验结果表明,无论电机处于高速运行还是低速运行,所设计的算法都具有良好的换相转矩波动抑制效果。

基于虚拟磁链定向的NPC三电平逆变器有限控制集模型预测控制

针对传统的NPC三电平逆变器有限控制集模型预测控制(Finite Control Set Model PredictiveControl, FCS-MPC)存在计算量大、du/dt高等问题,提出了一种改进的FCS-MPC策略。通过添加开关跳变等约束条件,计算量减至传统FCS-MPC的1/3,同时降低了du/dr;以电压预测代替电流预测,进一步降低了算法的计算量。此外,给出了一种改进的电网虚拟磁链观测模型。根据逆变器αβ坐标系下的离散数学模型估算出电网电压,而后采用一阶低通滤波器计算电网虚拟磁链,减小了虚拟磁链的波动。仿真结果验证了所提出的虚拟磁链观测方法的有效性和NPC三电平逆变器FCS-MPC策略良好的动静态特性。

Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control with Feedback Correction for Power Converters

As an open-loop model predictive control algorithm,finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC)scheme in power converter system is based on assumption that responses of optimal control implemented on prediction model agree well with actual system.The influence of model parameter mismatches and environment disturbance on control performance of scheme is neglected.Then,based on feedback correction strategy in traditional model predictive control algorithm,we derive a finite control set model predictive control with feedback correction scheme(FCS-MPCFC)that allows us to adjust prediction model output at current instant by model prediction error at previous instant,and the closed-loop correction of prediction model output is achieved.Simulations comparison analyses on a two-level three-phase inverter with multi-type model parameter mismatches controlled by traditional and improved FCS-MPC scheme are presented.Experiments are carried out on DSP controller platform.

Model predictive control of three-level active front-end converter with low switching frequency

In medium voltage-high power(MV-HP)applications,the high switching frequency of power converter will result in unnecessary energy losses,which directly affect efficiency.To resolve this issue,a novel finite control set-model predictive control(FCS-MPC)with low switching frequency for three-level neutral point clamped-active front-end converters(NPC-AFEs)is proposed.With this approach,the prediction model of three-level NPC-AFEs is established inα-βreference frame,and the control objective of low average switching frequency is introduced into a cost function.The proposed method not only achieves the desired control performance under low switching frequency,but also performs the efficient operation for the three-level NPC-AFEs.The simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of proposed control scheme.

准Z源逆变器自适应级联模型预测控制

针对准Z源逆变器(qZSI)系统中有限集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)策略存在权重系数调整繁琐和控制性能依赖于准确模型参数的问题,提出一种适用于qZSI的自适应级联模型预测控制(AS-MPC)策略。该策略根据被控对象的优先级,依次计算各自对应的代价函数,从而消除了权重系数。同时,针对负载电气参数摄动,将其当做系统总扰动,用自适应方法进行估计并更新控制律,因此所提策略无需依赖准确负载电气参数,从而提高了系统对负载电气参数摄动的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,AS-MPC策略无需设计权重系数,结构简单,且电感电流、电容电压和输出电流控制性能优异,输出电流谐波小,动态响应快,对参数摄动鲁棒性强。

High performance decoupled active and reactive power control for three-phase grid-tied inverters using model predictive control

Finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC) is employed in this paper to control the operation of a three-phase grid-connected string inverter based on a direct PQ control scheme. The main objective is to achieve high-performance decoupled control of the active and reactive powers injected to the grid from distributed energy resources (DER).The FCS-MPC scheme instantaneously searches for and applies the optimum inverter switching state that can achieve certain goals, such as minimum deviation between reference and actual power;so that both power components (P and Q) are well controlled to their reference values.In addition, an effective method to attenuate undesired cross coupling between the P and Q control loops, which occurs only during transient operation, is investigated. The proposed method is based on the variation of the weight factors of the terms of the FCS-MPC cost function, so a higher weight factor is assigned to the cost function term that is exposed to greater disturbance. Empirical formulae of optimum weight factors as functions of the reference active and reactive power signals are proposed and mathematically derived. The investigated FCS-MPC control scheme is incorporated with the LVRT function to support the grid voltage in fulfilling and accomplishing the up-to-date grid codes. The LVRT algorithm is based on a modification of the references of active and reactive powers as functions of the instantaneous grid voltage such that suitable values of P and Q are injected to the grid during voltage sag.The performance of the elaborated FCS-MPC PQ scheme is studied under various operating scenarios, including steady-state and transient conditions. Results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed scheme with regard to the achievement of high-performance operation and quick response of grid-tied inverters during normal and fault modes.

Overview of Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Machines

Control strategies play a key role for operation of electric machines,which would directly affect the whole system performance.In fact,different control strategies have been executed and explored for electric machines,which bring great impacts to industrial development and human society.This paper investigates and discusses the advantages control strategies for electric machines,including the field oriented control(FOC),direct torque control(DTC),finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC),sensorless control,and fault tolerant control(FTC).The corresponding control principles,control targets,fundamental approaches,advanced approaches,methodologies,merits and shortcomings are revealed and analyzed in detail.

Si/SiC Hybrid 5-level Active NPC Inverter for Electric Aircraft Propulsion Drive Applications

Medium voltage DC(MVDC)system is considered as a promising technology to improve the efficiency and power density of electric aircraft propulsion(EAP)drives.To adapt to the MVDC voltage level and achieve high drive performance,a five-level active neutral point clamped(5L-ANPC)inverter consisting of three-level ANPC and flying capacitor circuits is investigated,which possesses higher voltage capability,lower output harmonics,as well as mitigated dv/dt and common-mode voltage.To fulfill the requirements of high-speed operation and pursue further enhanced efficiency and power density of the inverter for the next-generation EAP drives,Silicon Carbide(SiC)semiconductor devices are considered for implementing the 5L-ANPC inverter.However,the large commutation loops associated with certain switching states of the inverter lessen the benefits of configuring all the switches as SiC devices.As a result,a hybrid Si/SiC 5L-ANPC inverter is developed with a synchronous optimal pulse(SOP)width modulation strategy for controlling the switches in cell 2 and finite-control-set model predictive controller(FCS-MPC)for those in cell 3 of the inverter.Consequently,in the proposed topology,the SiC devices are merely used for the high-frequency switches in cell 3 and the rest of the low-frequency switches are configured with Si IGBTs.This Si/SiC hybrid ANPC inverter concurrently provides high efficiency and low implementation cost at high-speed operation mode.Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid inverter.