The Gore Family Background

Al Gore was born on March 31,1948,and is the son offormer U. S. Senator Albert Gore,Sr. and Pauline LaFonGore. Raised in Carthage,Tennessee,and in Washington,D.C.,Gore received a degree in government^1 with honors fromHarvard University in 1969. After graduation,he volunteeredfor enlistment in^2 the U.S. Army and served^3 in Vietnam. Re-running to civilian life^4,Gore settled in Tennessee and at-

The Influence of Family Background on Students’Willingness to Pursue Higher Education:A Case Study of Urban and Rural China

This study examines the influence of family background on the willingness of students in urban and rural China to pursue higher education.Utilizing a mixed-methods approach,the research explores the interplay between economic,cultural,and social capital within the family context and its impact on students’educational aspirations.Descriptive statistics highlight the disparities in family income and educational attainment between urban and rural respondents.Regression analysis confirms the predictive role of family economic status and parental education on students’intentions to pursue higher education.Qualitative findings underscore the significance of social capital,particularly in rural areas where community support is crucial.The study also reveals urban-rural differences in educational aspirations,with urban students facing fewer barriers to higher education.The research concludes with policy implications that aim to address these disparities and enhance educational equity.

A Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Family Background Factors on Mathematics Achievements Using Quantile Regression

Quantile regression is gradually emerging as a powerful tool for estimating models of conditional quantile functions, and therefore research in this area has vastly increased in the past two decades. This paper, with the quantile regression technique, is the first comprehensive longitudinal study on mathematics participation data collected in Alberta, Canada. The major advantage of longitudinal study is its capability to separate the so-called cohort and age effects in the context of population studies. One aim of this paper is to study whether the family background factors alter performance on the mathematical achievement of the strongest students in the same way as that of weaker students based on the large longitudinal sample of 2000, 2001 and 2002 mathematics participation longitudinal data set. The interesting findings suggest that there may be differential family background factor effects at different points in the mathematical achievement conditional distribution.

The Role of Family Background for Earnings in Rural China

This paper provides estimates of brother income correlations for rural China. Brother correlations are a parsimonious measure of the importance of family and community background as determinants of individuals＇ economic status. We find internationally high levels of income similarity for brothers and siblings： 0.57 and 0.58, respectively. Compared to the 1990s, income correlations have decreased in more recent years, but remain high. Furthermore, we document virtually no differences between the coastal and interior provinces and by father＇s education. The high brother correlations imply that the high level of income inequality in China is likely to persist.

Fairness Preference of Preschoolers and the Effects of Family Background in China

Purpose:This study investigates the fairness preference of five-year-old children in Shanghai,observing their distributive behaviors in both stakeholder and spectator games and showing how this behavior is linked to their family background.Design/Approach/Methods:Participants had to make distributive choices in two experiments and distribute between themselves and another participant in the first choice.They had to distribute between two other participants in luck,merit,or efficiency situations in the second choice.Findings:The results suggest that preschoolers showed a preference for splitting equally between themselves and another participant.The second choice showed a significant difference in fairness preference under a situation of luck between genders,and only children were more likely to accept an unequal allocation than those who had siblings.Originality/Value:We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it illustrates the variety of factors that can influence a child's fairness preference and fairness behavior and suggests when and how these aspects develop in children.Further,this is an original study exploring the fairness preference of preschoolers in Shanghai using an experimental economics method.

Should Universities Use Family Background As a Standard for Recruiting Students?

Renmin University of China (RUC) has launched a project to help students from rural areas realize their dreams of going to college. This was part of the university’s 2012 recruitment policy. The project aims at giving an opportunity to rural

The Psychoanalytic Perspective of the Main Characters in the American TV Series Friends

As a recognized classic of American TV series,“Friends”tells the complex story of friendship,love between six distinctive American young people.Different family backgrounds and childhood experiences presented in TV dramas take account for their difference in traits.Through the theoretical concept of psychoanalytic literature,this article attempts to reveal how the specific influence and manifestation of the family situation and parental behavior have on the character and behavior of the protagonist,as well as to further analyze how the trauma suffered in childhood functions in adult behavior.As adults,their behavior and habits are still constrained and influenced by their childhood experiences.

On Prostitutes in American and Chinese Literary Works

The prostitute image is one of the research topics in literary criticism. Prostitutes are the victims of the desire of human beings. Behind the sexual transaction, evil forces that drove poor women into prostitution are concealed. In the following four literary works: The Sun Also Rises, A Street Car Named Desire, The Crescent Moon and Husband, the inner beauty of prostitutes as a wife or a mother is highly praised and the dark side of the contemporary society is exposed. The thesis begins with the depiction of four prostitutes' individual shining points and weaknesses in personality. And then it describes the family backgrounds and social backgrounds the four prostitutes lived in, and states the influence of those backgrounds on them respectively. The thesis finally puts forward the realistic significance.

Ability vs Background:An Analysis of the Distribution Mechanism of Higher Education Enrolment Opportunities

Individual education performance is usually influenced jointly by ability and background （family background）. The relative share of these two factors forms the basic grounds for judgments of educational equity. Using sheaf coefficients, we compare the influence of these two mechanisms on the distribution of access to regular first degree higher education opportunities for institutions at different levels. Our findings show that both ability and family background have a marked influence. The higher the level of the institution, thegreater the ability demanded of its students. The effect of family also increases significantly at this level, but ability always has a much stronger influence than family background. It can be seen that though fatuity background is influential in the distribution of higher education opportunities in China today, ability fundamentally remains the dominant criterion, embodying the classic features of a meritocratic society ＂open to talent.＂

Social class differences in parent educational expectations:The relationship between parents’social status and their expectations for children’s education

To achieve the overall goals and purposes of education is closely related to the living environments of students.Different family backgrounds will put children into a situation where they face unfair competition.According to a survey conducted in China’s Urumqi and Changchun about parents’awareness of educating their children,this paper will suggest that families with different backgrounds have different expectations for their children’s education.Moreover,it suggests that parents’social status is related to their children’s education expectations.Therefore,we can find that parents’social status influences their children’s education,and their positions in social class are related to education.

“Screening”or“Meritocracy”:Does the Choice of a Private School Help Students Achieve Higher Academic Performance?-Based on the PISA 2018 Analysis of Four Provinces and Municipalities in China

The introduced policy of“synchronized enrollment of public and private schools”has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools.Based on the data of the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA)2018 from four Chinese provinces and municipalities,this paper explores whether private schools gain a relative advantage in student academic performance through student“screening”or academic“meritocracy,”through a hierarchical linear model(HLM)and an empirical test of the propensity score matching(PSM).It has been found that the academic performance of students in private schools is significantly better than that in public schools.But with background,metacognitive ability,and learning hours of students in private schools controlled for,such academic performance is not significantly superior,suggesting that private schools rely heavily on student“screening”to achieve a relative advantage in student academic performance.This finding has also verified the scientific nature of the above policy.

Measures and underlying mechanisms of inequality of opportunities in China:Evidence from CGSS data

This paper utilizes the latest CGSS data to quantitatively measure the contribution of inequality of opportunities to the overall income inequality in China.It finds that 27%of total income inequality can be attributed to inequality of opportunities,i.e.,the inequality component which is out of control for individuals.This ratio is comparable to that found in most Latin American countries with high income inequality.The heterogeneity analyses show that the inequality of opportunities is even larger for low-educated and low-income groups.Furthermore,the paper empirically verifies three possible channels underlying the measured inequality of opportunities,including labor market discrimination,intergenerational education persistence,and family background effect.Policy suggestions are derived based on the empirical analyses,such as reducing labor market discrimination,balancing education resources among different areas,making it more transparent in state sector recruitment,and lowering inequality by more progressive taxes and transfers.