Acoustic reflection imaging in deep water wells is a new application scope for offshore hydrocarbon exploration.Two-dimensional(2 D)geological structure images can be obtained away from a one-dimensional(1 D)borehole ...Acoustic reflection imaging in deep water wells is a new application scope for offshore hydrocarbon exploration.Two-dimensional(2 D)geological structure images can be obtained away from a one-dimensional(1 D)borehole using single-well acoustic reflection imaging.Based on the directivity of dipole source and four-component dipole data,one can achieve the azimuth detection and the three-dimensional(3 D)structural information around the wellbore can be obtained.We first perform matrix rotation on the field fourcomponent data.Then,a series of processing steps are applied to the rotated dipole data to obtain the reflector image.According to the above dipole shear-wave imaging principle,we used four-component cross-dipole logging data from a deviated well in the South China Sea to image geological structures within 50 m of a deviated well,which can delineate the structural configuration and determine its orientation.The configuration of near-borehole bedding boundaries and fault structures from shear-wave imaging results agrees with those from the Inline and Xline seismic profiles of the study area.In addition,the configuration and orientation of the fault structure images are consistent with regional stress maps and the results of the borehole stress anisotropy analysis.Furthermore,the dip azimuth of the bedding boundary images was determined using borehole wall resistivity data.Results of this study indicate that integrating borehole acoustic reflection with seismic imaging not only fills the gap between the two measurement scales but also accurately delineates geological structures in the borehole vicinity.展开更多
Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) oligomers were synthesized in most cases by peptide synthesis from N-protected monomers. In this work a new method of obtaining PNA monomer by Ugi four-component condensation reaction was t...Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) oligomers were synthesized in most cases by peptide synthesis from N-protected monomers. In this work a new method of obtaining PNA monomer by Ugi four-component condensation reaction was tested by solid-phase synthesis. The Fmoc protected PNA monomer was build up with thymin-1-yl acetic acid, 3-methylbutyl aldehyde, Fmoc protected aminoethyl isocyanide and Gly-Wang resin.展开更多
Based on the principle formula for the four-component strainmeters, we can directly obtain the specific plane strain, shear strain and azimuthal angle of the principal strain, and the maximum and minimum principal str...Based on the principle formula for the four-component strainmeters, we can directly obtain the specific plane strain, shear strain and azimuthal angle of the principal strain, and the maximum and minimum principal strains calculated afterwards are the indirect result. The problems of practicality of the sensitivity coefficients A and B of plane strain and shear strain are then discussed. Based on this idea, we analyzed the observation data of several four-component borehole strainmeters near the epicenter of the Yiliang M_S5.7 earthquake in 2012 and the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake in 2014 in the Zhaotong area, Yunnan Province. The results show that the analysis based on the perspective of plane strain and shear strain has an obviously better effect than that based on the component readings, and can directly peel off the respective abnormality of the plane strain and shear strain. In addition, the correlation coefficient curves between measured data of two plane strains show significant anomalies which often occur several days before and during the earthquake.展开更多
An efficient synthetic protocol for the 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines was developed via the domino four-component reaction of arylamine,acetylenedicarboxylate,aromatic aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate.The reaction me...An efficient synthetic protocol for the 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines was developed via the domino four-component reaction of arylamine,acetylenedicarboxylate,aromatic aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate.The reaction mechanism involves the formation of β-enamino ester and its sequential Michael addition to arylidene acetoacetate.展开更多
This paper is contributed to study two new integrable four-component systems reduced from a multi-component generation of Camassa-Holm equation. Some double peakon solutions of both systems are described in an explici...This paper is contributed to study two new integrable four-component systems reduced from a multi-component generation of Camassa-Holm equation. Some double peakon solutions of both systems are described in an explicit formula by the method of variation of constant for ordinary differential equations. These double peakon solutions are established in weak sense. The dynamic behaviors of the obtained double peakon solutions are illustrated by some figures.展开更多
An additive-free and environmentally friendly strategy has been realized for the construction of S-substituted isothioureas through visible-light-induced multicomponent reaction starting fromα-diazoesters,aryl isothi...An additive-free and environmentally friendly strategy has been realized for the construction of S-substituted isothioureas through visible-light-induced multicomponent reaction starting fromα-diazoesters,aryl isothiocyanates,amines and cyclic ethers.This methodology features simple operation,mild reaction conditions,favorable functional group tolerance,easily available starting materials and high efficiency.展开更多
An efficient Ni-catalyzed four-component 1,4-carbocarbonylation of 1,3-enynes with activated alkyl halides and arylboronic acids under atmospheric pressure of CO is presented.By tuning the electronic and steric effect...An efficient Ni-catalyzed four-component 1,4-carbocarbonylation of 1,3-enynes with activated alkyl halides and arylboronic acids under atmospheric pressure of CO is presented.By tuning the electronic and steric effects of alkyl radicals,both electronrich and electron-deficient 1,3-enynes were compatible with this cascade.This protocol features mild conditions,broad substrate scope,excellent functional group compatibility and facile gram-scale synthesis,providing a practical approach to the quaternary carbon center-containing allenyl ketones.Mechanistic study revealed that the acyl-NiIIspecies plays an important role in both the coupling and the alkyl radical generation processes.展开更多
A mild and efficient synthesis of N-substituted-3-aryl-3-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-l- enyl)propanamides via four-component reaction of an aldehyde, amine, Meldrum's acid and 5,5-dimethylcyclo- hexane-1,...A mild and efficient synthesis of N-substituted-3-aryl-3-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-l- enyl)propanamides via four-component reaction of an aldehyde, amine, Meldrum's acid and 5,5-dimethylcyclo- hexane-1,3-dione in the presence of benzyltriethylammonium chloride (TEBAC) in aqueous medium is described. This method has the advantages of accessible starting materials, good yields, mild reaction conditions and eco- friendliness.展开更多
With the aid of a gauge transformation,we propose a Darboux transformation for a four-component KdV equation.As an application,we obtain some explicit solutions for the four-component KdV equation.
An efficient synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline derivatives via one-pot,four-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, formaldehyde,cyclohexanedione,ammonium ceric nitrate under microwave irradiation was accomplishe...An efficient synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline derivatives via one-pot,four-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, formaldehyde,cyclohexanedione,ammonium ceric nitrate under microwave irradiation was accomplished.The structures of these compounds were unambiguously confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.Furthermore,the anti-AChE activities of these compounds in vitro were investigated at concentrations of 20μM and 50μM by using a standard Ellman's method.The relationship of inhibitory activities and structures of these chromeno [4,3-b]quinolines was also systematically studied.Of all the compounds investigated,4ag emerged as the most potent AChE inhibitor with IC50 values of 5.63μM,and it might be used as potent lead for the development anti-AChE agents.Moreover,molecular modelling was conducted to understand the optimal interaction of AChE with these types of compounds.展开更多
As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the ...As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp3-C/sp2-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.展开更多
ABSTRACT Daily average net radiation (DANR) is an important variable for estimating evapotranspiration from satellite data at regional scales, and is used for atmospheric and hydrologic modeling, as well as ecosyst...ABSTRACT Daily average net radiation (DANR) is an important variable for estimating evapotranspiration from satellite data at regional scales, and is used for atmospheric and hydrologic modeling, as well as ecosystem management. A scheme is proposed to estimate the DANR over large heterogeneous areas under clear-sky conditions using only remotely sensed data. The method was designed to overcome the dependence of DANR estimates on ground data, and to map spatially consistent and reasonably distributed DANR, by using various land and atmospheric data products retrieved from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. An improved sinusoidal model was used to retrieve the diurnal variations of downward shortwave radiation using a single instantaneous value from satellites. The downward shortwave component of DANR was directly obtained from this instantaneous value, and the upward shortwave component was estimated using satellite-derived albedo products. Four observations of air temperature from MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 data products were used to derive the downward longwave component of DANR, while the upward longwave component was estimated using the land surface temperature (LST) and the surface emissivity from MOD1 l_L2. Compared to in situ observations at the cropland and grassland sites located in Tongyu, northern China, the root mean square error (RMSE) of DANR estimated for both sites under clear-sky conditions was 37 W m-2 and 40 W m-2, respectively. The errors in estimation of DANR were comparable to those from previous satellite-based methods. Our estimates can be used for studying the surface radiation balance and evapotranspiration.展开更多
A straightforward and general method has been developed for the synthesis of C5-unsubstitiuted 1,4-dihydropyridines by a reaction using dimedone, acetophenone, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence ...A straightforward and general method has been developed for the synthesis of C5-unsubstitiuted 1,4-dihydropyridines by a reaction using dimedone, acetophenone, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of Co nanoparticles as a heterogeneous and eco-friendly catalyst with high catalytic activity at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This catalyst is easily separated by magnetic devices and can be reused without any apparent loss of activity for the reaction. In addition, it is very interesting that when using Co nanoparticles as a catalyst, spatially-hindered aldehydes such as 2-methoxy-, 2-fluoro-, and 2-chloro-aldehydes are suitable for this reaction.展开更多
Herein we report an efficient organocatalyst for the multicomponent Hantzsch reaction under mild condition.The product easily isolated by simple filtration and catalyst can be recovered.
UV Spectrophotometric Target Factor Analysis (TFA) was used for the simultaneous determination of four components (acetaminophen, guuaifenesin, caffeine, Chlorphenamine maleate) in cough syrup. The computer Frogra...UV Spectrophotometric Target Factor Analysis (TFA) was used for the simultaneous determination of four components (acetaminophen, guuaifenesin, caffeine, Chlorphenamine maleate) in cough syrup. The computer Frogram of TFA is based on VC++ language. The difficulty of overlapping of absorption spectra of four compounds was overcome by this procedure. The experimental results show that the average recovery of each component is all in the range from 98.9% to 106.8% and each component obtains satisfactory results without any pre-separation.展开更多
The pyrrole moiety is an important structural motif in functional materials,natural products,and pharmaceuticals.More and more synthetic strategies toward pyrroles have emerged,where various efficient building blocks ...The pyrrole moiety is an important structural motif in functional materials,natural products,and pharmaceuticals.More and more synthetic strategies toward pyrroles have emerged,where various efficient building blocks are developed and these synthons enable the syntheses of pyrroles with different numbers of components.However,no review specifically summarizes the syntheses of pyrroles according to the type and number of employed building blocks.To aid researchers to design appropriate substrates for pyrrole synthesis,herein we summarized the advances in pyrrole syntheses and classified these reactions into four categories according to the number of employed components,which may shed light on developing more efficient synthetic methods toward substituted pyrroles.展开更多
An efficient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the synthesis of highly substituted mono- and bis-N-aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates via a one-pot, four-component domino reaction of ami...An efficient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the synthesis of highly substituted mono- and bis-N-aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates via a one-pot, four-component domino reaction of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and formaldehyde in the presence of InCl3 (20 mol%) in MeOH at ambient temperature. The salient advantages of this method are mild reaction conditions, environmentally benign, high to excellent yields, shorter reaction times, easy operation and no column chromatographic separation.展开更多
The composite coatings of chitosan(CS)-bioglass^(■)(BG)-hydroxyapatite(HA)-halloysite nanotube(HNT)were investigated and produced via electrophoretic deposition(EPD)technique.The utilization of CS as a dispersing,ble...The composite coatings of chitosan(CS)-bioglass^(■)(BG)-hydroxyapatite(HA)-halloysite nanotube(HNT)were investigated and produced via electrophoretic deposition(EPD)technique.The utilization of CS as a dispersing,blending and charging agent for ceramic particles,including BG,HA and HNT,allowed the formation of CS-BG/HA/HNT composite,functionally graded composite(FGC)and bilayer film containing different layers.The results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)illustrate the composite in the form of the optimum distribution of ceramic components in the CS matrix with thickness of 28μm on titanium(Ti)substrate.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and potentiodynamic polarization tests indicate that the corrosion resistance of the coated sample increases in corrected simulated body fluid(C-SBF)at 37℃.Finally,the apatiteinducing ability of CS-BG-HA-HNT is proved by the formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite particles on composite coating in C-SBF.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41804124,41774138,41804121,41604109)China Academy of Sciences Strategic Leading Science and Technology Project(Grant Nos.XDA14020304,XDA14020302)+2 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.ZR2019BD039)Shandong Province Postdoctoral Innovation Project(No.201901011)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2019T120615,2018M632745)
文摘Acoustic reflection imaging in deep water wells is a new application scope for offshore hydrocarbon exploration.Two-dimensional(2 D)geological structure images can be obtained away from a one-dimensional(1 D)borehole using single-well acoustic reflection imaging.Based on the directivity of dipole source and four-component dipole data,one can achieve the azimuth detection and the three-dimensional(3 D)structural information around the wellbore can be obtained.We first perform matrix rotation on the field fourcomponent data.Then,a series of processing steps are applied to the rotated dipole data to obtain the reflector image.According to the above dipole shear-wave imaging principle,we used four-component cross-dipole logging data from a deviated well in the South China Sea to image geological structures within 50 m of a deviated well,which can delineate the structural configuration and determine its orientation.The configuration of near-borehole bedding boundaries and fault structures from shear-wave imaging results agrees with those from the Inline and Xline seismic profiles of the study area.In addition,the configuration and orientation of the fault structure images are consistent with regional stress maps and the results of the borehole stress anisotropy analysis.Furthermore,the dip azimuth of the bedding boundary images was determined using borehole wall resistivity data.Results of this study indicate that integrating borehole acoustic reflection with seismic imaging not only fills the gap between the two measurement scales but also accurately delineates geological structures in the borehole vicinity.
基金This work was supposed by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(G1998051114)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20272004)
文摘Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) oligomers were synthesized in most cases by peptide synthesis from N-protected monomers. In this work a new method of obtaining PNA monomer by Ugi four-component condensation reaction was tested by solid-phase synthesis. The Fmoc protected PNA monomer was build up with thymin-1-yl acetic acid, 3-methylbutyl aldehyde, Fmoc protected aminoethyl isocyanide and Gly-Wang resin.
基金sponsored by the Central Level Scientific Research Institutes of Basic R&D Special Fund Business of the Institute of Crustal Dynamics,CEA(ZDJ2017-25)
文摘Based on the principle formula for the four-component strainmeters, we can directly obtain the specific plane strain, shear strain and azimuthal angle of the principal strain, and the maximum and minimum principal strains calculated afterwards are the indirect result. The problems of practicality of the sensitivity coefficients A and B of plane strain and shear strain are then discussed. Based on this idea, we analyzed the observation data of several four-component borehole strainmeters near the epicenter of the Yiliang M_S5.7 earthquake in 2012 and the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake in 2014 in the Zhaotong area, Yunnan Province. The results show that the analysis based on the perspective of plane strain and shear strain has an obviously better effect than that based on the component readings, and can directly peel off the respective abnormality of the plane strain and shear strain. In addition, the correlation coefficient curves between measured data of two plane strains show significant anomalies which often occur several days before and during the earthquake.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20972132)the Fund of Key Laboratory of Environmental Resource and Material,Jiangsu Province,China
文摘An efficient synthetic protocol for the 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines was developed via the domino four-component reaction of arylamine,acetylenedicarboxylate,aromatic aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate.The reaction mechanism involves the formation of β-enamino ester and its sequential Michael addition to arylidene acetoacetate.
文摘This paper is contributed to study two new integrable four-component systems reduced from a multi-component generation of Camassa-Holm equation. Some double peakon solutions of both systems are described in an explicit formula by the method of variation of constant for ordinary differential equations. These double peakon solutions are established in weak sense. The dynamic behaviors of the obtained double peakon solutions are illustrated by some figures.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021MB065)the major innovation fund of Shandong Province(No.2021ZDSYS_(2)3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976105,22101237).
文摘An additive-free and environmentally friendly strategy has been realized for the construction of S-substituted isothioureas through visible-light-induced multicomponent reaction starting fromα-diazoesters,aryl isothiocyanates,amines and cyclic ethers.This methodology features simple operation,mild reaction conditions,favorable functional group tolerance,easily available starting materials and high efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22171220,21971201)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities(xtr072022003)。
文摘An efficient Ni-catalyzed four-component 1,4-carbocarbonylation of 1,3-enynes with activated alkyl halides and arylboronic acids under atmospheric pressure of CO is presented.By tuning the electronic and steric effects of alkyl radicals,both electronrich and electron-deficient 1,3-enynes were compatible with this cascade.This protocol features mild conditions,broad substrate scope,excellent functional group compatibility and facile gram-scale synthesis,providing a practical approach to the quaternary carbon center-containing allenyl ketones.Mechanistic study revealed that the acyl-NiIIspecies plays an important role in both the coupling and the alkyl radical generation processes.
文摘A mild and efficient synthesis of N-substituted-3-aryl-3-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-l- enyl)propanamides via four-component reaction of an aldehyde, amine, Meldrum's acid and 5,5-dimethylcyclo- hexane-1,3-dione in the presence of benzyltriethylammonium chloride (TEBAC) in aqueous medium is described. This method has the advantages of accessible starting materials, good yields, mild reaction conditions and eco- friendliness.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11401572,11401230,and 11505064Promotion Program for Young and Middle-aged Teacher in Science and Technology Research of Huaqiao University under Grant No.ZQN-PY301
文摘With the aid of a gauge transformation,we propose a Darboux transformation for a four-component KdV equation.As an application,we obtain some explicit solutions for the four-component KdV equation.
基金NSFC(Grant No.81773557,81573279,81373255)Major Project of Technology Innovation Program of Hubei Province(Grant No.2016ACA126)+1 种基金NSFHP(Grant No.2017CFA024)and the Fun damental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2042017kf0288)
文摘An efficient synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline derivatives via one-pot,four-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, formaldehyde,cyclohexanedione,ammonium ceric nitrate under microwave irradiation was accomplished.The structures of these compounds were unambiguously confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.Furthermore,the anti-AChE activities of these compounds in vitro were investigated at concentrations of 20μM and 50μM by using a standard Ellman's method.The relationship of inhibitory activities and structures of these chromeno [4,3-b]quinolines was also systematically studied.Of all the compounds investigated,4ag emerged as the most potent AChE inhibitor with IC50 values of 5.63μM,and it might be used as potent lead for the development anti-AChE agents.Moreover,molecular modelling was conducted to understand the optimal interaction of AChE with these types of compounds.
文摘As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp3-C/sp2-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program Grant No.2012CB956202 and 2009CB723904)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KZCX2-EW-202-03)
文摘ABSTRACT Daily average net radiation (DANR) is an important variable for estimating evapotranspiration from satellite data at regional scales, and is used for atmospheric and hydrologic modeling, as well as ecosystem management. A scheme is proposed to estimate the DANR over large heterogeneous areas under clear-sky conditions using only remotely sensed data. The method was designed to overcome the dependence of DANR estimates on ground data, and to map spatially consistent and reasonably distributed DANR, by using various land and atmospheric data products retrieved from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. An improved sinusoidal model was used to retrieve the diurnal variations of downward shortwave radiation using a single instantaneous value from satellites. The downward shortwave component of DANR was directly obtained from this instantaneous value, and the upward shortwave component was estimated using satellite-derived albedo products. Four observations of air temperature from MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 data products were used to derive the downward longwave component of DANR, while the upward longwave component was estimated using the land surface temperature (LST) and the surface emissivity from MOD1 l_L2. Compared to in situ observations at the cropland and grassland sites located in Tongyu, northern China, the root mean square error (RMSE) of DANR estimated for both sites under clear-sky conditions was 37 W m-2 and 40 W m-2, respectively. The errors in estimation of DANR were comparable to those from previous satellite-based methods. Our estimates can be used for studying the surface radiation balance and evapotranspiration.
基金supported by the University Grants Commission, University of Kashan
文摘A straightforward and general method has been developed for the synthesis of C5-unsubstitiuted 1,4-dihydropyridines by a reaction using dimedone, acetophenone, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of Co nanoparticles as a heterogeneous and eco-friendly catalyst with high catalytic activity at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This catalyst is easily separated by magnetic devices and can be reused without any apparent loss of activity for the reaction. In addition, it is very interesting that when using Co nanoparticles as a catalyst, spatially-hindered aldehydes such as 2-methoxy-, 2-fluoro-, and 2-chloro-aldehydes are suitable for this reaction.
文摘Herein we report an efficient organocatalyst for the multicomponent Hantzsch reaction under mild condition.The product easily isolated by simple filtration and catalyst can be recovered.
基金the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.Y404082)the Science Foundation of Analysis Test of Zhejiang Province(No.03084)
文摘UV Spectrophotometric Target Factor Analysis (TFA) was used for the simultaneous determination of four components (acetaminophen, guuaifenesin, caffeine, Chlorphenamine maleate) in cough syrup. The computer Frogram of TFA is based on VC++ language. The difficulty of overlapping of absorption spectra of four compounds was overcome by this procedure. The experimental results show that the average recovery of each component is all in the range from 98.9% to 106.8% and each component obtains satisfactory results without any pre-separation.
基金We thank the financial support from the Recruitment Program of Global Experts(1000 Talents Plan)Gansu Province Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.20JR5RA304).
文摘The pyrrole moiety is an important structural motif in functional materials,natural products,and pharmaceuticals.More and more synthetic strategies toward pyrroles have emerged,where various efficient building blocks are developed and these synthons enable the syntheses of pyrroles with different numbers of components.However,no review specifically summarizes the syntheses of pyrroles according to the type and number of employed building blocks.To aid researchers to design appropriate substrates for pyrrole synthesis,herein we summarized the advances in pyrrole syntheses and classified these reactions into four categories according to the number of employed components,which may shed light on developing more efficient synthetic methods toward substituted pyrroles.
基金support from the Research Council of University of Sistan and Baluchestan and Payame Noor University
文摘An efficient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the synthesis of highly substituted mono- and bis-N-aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates via a one-pot, four-component domino reaction of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and formaldehyde in the presence of InCl3 (20 mol%) in MeOH at ambient temperature. The salient advantages of this method are mild reaction conditions, environmentally benign, high to excellent yields, shorter reaction times, easy operation and no column chromatographic separation.
文摘The composite coatings of chitosan(CS)-bioglass^(■)(BG)-hydroxyapatite(HA)-halloysite nanotube(HNT)were investigated and produced via electrophoretic deposition(EPD)technique.The utilization of CS as a dispersing,blending and charging agent for ceramic particles,including BG,HA and HNT,allowed the formation of CS-BG/HA/HNT composite,functionally graded composite(FGC)and bilayer film containing different layers.The results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)illustrate the composite in the form of the optimum distribution of ceramic components in the CS matrix with thickness of 28μm on titanium(Ti)substrate.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and potentiodynamic polarization tests indicate that the corrosion resistance of the coated sample increases in corrected simulated body fluid(C-SBF)at 37℃.Finally,the apatiteinducing ability of CS-BG-HA-HNT is proved by the formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite particles on composite coating in C-SBF.