【目的】骨骼肌是动物机体的重要组成成分,其生长发育直接影响畜禽肉产量,叉头转录因子O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)作为重要的转录调控因子,其与骨骼肌生长发育密切相关。探究过表达FoxO1对牛骨骼肌细胞增殖、凋亡与分化的作用,...【目的】骨骼肌是动物机体的重要组成成分,其生长发育直接影响畜禽肉产量,叉头转录因子O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)作为重要的转录调控因子,其与骨骼肌生长发育密切相关。探究过表达FoxO1对牛骨骼肌细胞增殖、凋亡与分化的作用,为肉牛遗传改良提供基础材料。【方法】采集牛的多个组织样品,提取其RNA并反转录,利用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)构建FoxO1组织表达谱。利用酶消化法分离得到牛骨骼肌细胞,通过观察其分化后肌管的形成以及qPCR检测其分化标志基因的表达情况来检验所分离细胞的分化性能。利用免疫荧光技术对牛骨骼肌细胞进行FoxO1亚细胞定位。设计并包装牛FoxO1过表达腺病毒,以提高牛骨骼肌细胞内FoxO1的表达。利用EdU染色检测过表达FoxO1对细胞相对增殖率的影响。利用流式细胞术检测过表达FoxO1对细胞周期分布的影响。利用qPCR检测过表达FoxO1对牛骨骼肌细胞增殖、凋亡和分化相关基因表达水平的影响。【结果】组织表达谱结果显示FoxO1在多个组织中均有表达,其在成年牛的背脂中表达量最高,在背最长肌组织中表达量最低,且FoxO1在犊牛背最长肌组织中的表达量要极显著高于成年牛的(P<0.01)。亚细胞定位结果显示FoxO1在牛骨骼肌细胞的细胞核和细胞质内均有表达,其细胞核内荧光强度高于细胞质。成功构建FoxO1过表达载体,并完成FoxO1重组过表达腺病毒的包装与扩繁,在感染牛骨骼肌细胞后,能显著提高FoxO1表达水平(P<0.01)。EdU检测显示过表达FoxO1会显著降低细胞增殖率(P<0.01),流式细胞周期检测显示过表达FoxO1会显著增加G1期细胞数并减少S期和G2期细胞数,抑制细胞G1/S期的转化,并减少G2期细胞的形成。利用qPCR进一步检测发现,增殖相关基因PCNA、CDK1、CDK2、CCNA2、CCNB1、CCND1和CCNE2均极显著下调(P<0.01),促凋亡相关基因BAD和BAX显著上调以及抑凋亡基因BCL2显著下调(P<0.05)。过表达FoxO1导致牛骨骼肌细胞肌管形成量减少,qPCR检测结果发现,骨骼肌分化相关基因MYOD、MYOG、MYF5、MYF6和MYHC的表达量显著下调(P<0.05)。【结论】FoxO1在牛的不同组织中均有表达,是一个广泛存在的转录调控因子,并且在背最长肌组织生长发育不同阶段存在表达差异,起到阶段调控作用。FoxO1在细胞核和细胞质中均发挥重要的转录调控作用,特别是在细胞核内。过表达FoxO1可能通过抑制细胞增殖相关基因和肌细胞分化相关基因的表达,从而抑制牛骨骼肌细胞的增殖与分化,并且可能通过上调促凋亡基因的表达和下调抑凋亡基因的表达来促使牛骨骼肌细胞凋亡的发生。展开更多
Background:Neutrophils are traditionally viewed as first responders but have a short onset of action in response to traumatic brain injury(TBI).However,the heterogeneity,multifunctionality,and time-dependent modulatio...Background:Neutrophils are traditionally viewed as first responders but have a short onset of action in response to traumatic brain injury(TBI).However,the heterogeneity,multifunctionality,and time-dependent modulation of brain damage and outcome mediated by neutrophils after TBI remain poorly understood.Methods:Using the combined single-cell transcriptomics,metabolomics,and proteomics analysis from TBI patients and the TBI mouse model,we investigate a novel neutrophil phenotype and its associated effects on TBI outcome by neurological deficit scoring and behavioral tests.We also characterized the underlying mechanisms both invitro and invivo through molecular simulations,signaling detections,gene expression regulation assessments[including dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assays],primary cultures or co-cultures of neutrophils and oligodendrocytes,intracellular iron,and lipid hydroperoxide concentration measurements,as well as forkhead box protein O1(FOXO1)conditional knockout mice.Results:We identified that high expression of the FOXO1 protein was induced in neutrophils after TBI both in TBI patients and the TBI mouse model.Infiltration of these FOXO1high neutrophils in the brain was detected not only in the acute phase but also in the chronic phase post-TBI,aggravating acute brain inflammatory damage and promoting late TBI-induced depression.In the acute stage,FOXO1 upregulated cytoplasmic Versican(VCAN)to interact with the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)-associated X protein(BAX),suppressing the mitochondrial translocation of BAX,which mediated the antiapoptotic effect companied with enhancing interleukin-6(IL-6)production of FOXO1high neutrophils.In the chronic stage,the“FOXO1-transferrin receptor(TFRC)”mechanism contributes to FOXO1high neutrophil ferroptosis,disturbing the iron homeostasis of oligodendrocytes and inducing a reduction in myelin basic protein,which contributes to the progression of late depression after TBI.Conclusions:FOXO1high neutrophils represent a novel neutrophil phenotype that emerges in response to acute and chronic TBI,which provides insight into the heterogeneity,reprogramming activity,and versatility of neutrophils in TBI.展开更多
文摘【目的】骨骼肌是动物机体的重要组成成分,其生长发育直接影响畜禽肉产量,叉头转录因子O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)作为重要的转录调控因子,其与骨骼肌生长发育密切相关。探究过表达FoxO1对牛骨骼肌细胞增殖、凋亡与分化的作用,为肉牛遗传改良提供基础材料。【方法】采集牛的多个组织样品,提取其RNA并反转录,利用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)构建FoxO1组织表达谱。利用酶消化法分离得到牛骨骼肌细胞,通过观察其分化后肌管的形成以及qPCR检测其分化标志基因的表达情况来检验所分离细胞的分化性能。利用免疫荧光技术对牛骨骼肌细胞进行FoxO1亚细胞定位。设计并包装牛FoxO1过表达腺病毒,以提高牛骨骼肌细胞内FoxO1的表达。利用EdU染色检测过表达FoxO1对细胞相对增殖率的影响。利用流式细胞术检测过表达FoxO1对细胞周期分布的影响。利用qPCR检测过表达FoxO1对牛骨骼肌细胞增殖、凋亡和分化相关基因表达水平的影响。【结果】组织表达谱结果显示FoxO1在多个组织中均有表达,其在成年牛的背脂中表达量最高,在背最长肌组织中表达量最低,且FoxO1在犊牛背最长肌组织中的表达量要极显著高于成年牛的(P<0.01)。亚细胞定位结果显示FoxO1在牛骨骼肌细胞的细胞核和细胞质内均有表达,其细胞核内荧光强度高于细胞质。成功构建FoxO1过表达载体,并完成FoxO1重组过表达腺病毒的包装与扩繁,在感染牛骨骼肌细胞后,能显著提高FoxO1表达水平(P<0.01)。EdU检测显示过表达FoxO1会显著降低细胞增殖率(P<0.01),流式细胞周期检测显示过表达FoxO1会显著增加G1期细胞数并减少S期和G2期细胞数,抑制细胞G1/S期的转化,并减少G2期细胞的形成。利用qPCR进一步检测发现,增殖相关基因PCNA、CDK1、CDK2、CCNA2、CCNB1、CCND1和CCNE2均极显著下调(P<0.01),促凋亡相关基因BAD和BAX显著上调以及抑凋亡基因BCL2显著下调(P<0.05)。过表达FoxO1导致牛骨骼肌细胞肌管形成量减少,qPCR检测结果发现,骨骼肌分化相关基因MYOD、MYOG、MYF5、MYF6和MYHC的表达量显著下调(P<0.05)。【结论】FoxO1在牛的不同组织中均有表达,是一个广泛存在的转录调控因子,并且在背最长肌组织生长发育不同阶段存在表达差异,起到阶段调控作用。FoxO1在细胞核和细胞质中均发挥重要的转录调控作用,特别是在细胞核内。过表达FoxO1可能通过抑制细胞增殖相关基因和肌细胞分化相关基因的表达,从而抑制牛骨骼肌细胞的增殖与分化,并且可能通过上调促凋亡基因的表达和下调抑凋亡基因的表达来促使牛骨骼肌细胞凋亡的发生。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071779 and 81901626)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China,the grants from the Talent Foundation of Army Medical University(to Shuang-Shuang Dai)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Grant(ALJ22J003)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0177).
文摘Background:Neutrophils are traditionally viewed as first responders but have a short onset of action in response to traumatic brain injury(TBI).However,the heterogeneity,multifunctionality,and time-dependent modulation of brain damage and outcome mediated by neutrophils after TBI remain poorly understood.Methods:Using the combined single-cell transcriptomics,metabolomics,and proteomics analysis from TBI patients and the TBI mouse model,we investigate a novel neutrophil phenotype and its associated effects on TBI outcome by neurological deficit scoring and behavioral tests.We also characterized the underlying mechanisms both invitro and invivo through molecular simulations,signaling detections,gene expression regulation assessments[including dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assays],primary cultures or co-cultures of neutrophils and oligodendrocytes,intracellular iron,and lipid hydroperoxide concentration measurements,as well as forkhead box protein O1(FOXO1)conditional knockout mice.Results:We identified that high expression of the FOXO1 protein was induced in neutrophils after TBI both in TBI patients and the TBI mouse model.Infiltration of these FOXO1high neutrophils in the brain was detected not only in the acute phase but also in the chronic phase post-TBI,aggravating acute brain inflammatory damage and promoting late TBI-induced depression.In the acute stage,FOXO1 upregulated cytoplasmic Versican(VCAN)to interact with the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)-associated X protein(BAX),suppressing the mitochondrial translocation of BAX,which mediated the antiapoptotic effect companied with enhancing interleukin-6(IL-6)production of FOXO1high neutrophils.In the chronic stage,the“FOXO1-transferrin receptor(TFRC)”mechanism contributes to FOXO1high neutrophil ferroptosis,disturbing the iron homeostasis of oligodendrocytes and inducing a reduction in myelin basic protein,which contributes to the progression of late depression after TBI.Conclusions:FOXO1high neutrophils represent a novel neutrophil phenotype that emerges in response to acute and chronic TBI,which provides insight into the heterogeneity,reprogramming activity,and versatility of neutrophils in TBI.
