Comparative Analysis for the Development of a Green Building Rating System for Nigeria

The functionality of buildings depends on the climate they are subjected to,this means buildings constructed these days need to be built to perform efficiently within the current and future climate and with the aim of reducing the greenhouse emission induced on the environment.In order to lower CO_(2) emissions and assist in reinforcing the capability of cities to adapt to climate change whilst enhancing the quality of the built environment,it is vital to improve the environmental performance and energy efficiency in buildings.This study aims to identify and compare existing GBRS(green building rating system)with Nigerian climatic condition.Proposal criteria weighting was developed from the questionnaire supplying expert opinions.It began with a comparative analysis of GBRS.The analysis was conducted to find the similarities and differences between existing rating systems and come up with an appropriate rating system for Nigeria.These approaches included a fieldwork approach(pilot study,survey);questionnaire;and interviews,both structured and unstructured.Then,the information generated in this pre-test investigation formed the conversational guide and described the decision to determine the main factors that should be involved in the new assessment system for Nigeria.

Research on the Index System of Old Neighborhood Renovation Based on Green Building Evaluation Standard

With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,organic integration,timely adoption,and correct decision-making for the transformation of old neighborhoods are pressing issues in the transformation of old neighborhoods.Therefore,this paper takes the green building evaluation standards of various countries as the research basis and support for the construction of the transformation strategy of old neighborhoods.Through the collection and comparative analysis of the indicators of green building evaluation standards,the index system of transformation is formed,and it also provides a certain foundation for the subsequent related research.

Research on Quality Management Measures of Green Building Construction

Urbanization has led to the rapid development of the construction industry.However,this has also led to higher requirements for the construction engineering management.Other than the quality monitoring of engineering construction,the energy-saving properties of the building should also be considered.Therefore,a scientific management approach should be adopted to improve green building management.This paper primarily examines the importance of quality management in green building construction,along with the factors influencing it.It also identifies the quality issues present in current green building construction.Finally,it proposes measures for quality management in the green building construction process to facilitate the industry’s healthy development.

Integration Mechanism of Ideological and Political Education with Specialized Knowledge in the Course of Green Building Design

This paper aims to explore the integration of ideological and political education with specialized knowledge in the course of green building design.Through an analysis of the green building design course,combined with the current social development background and the need for ecological and environmental protection,the study investigates how to effectively integrate ideological and political education elements into course instruction to enhance the comprehensive quality and green design capabilities of architecture students.The paper analyzes the content and characteristics of the green building design course and proposes an integration mechanism for ideological and political education in green building design teaching,aiming to cultivate architecture talents with green design concepts and good ideological and political qualities.

Practice Exploration of Green Building Design in Prefabricated Residential Building Design

Prefabricated residential building design fully embodies the concept of green building and aligns with China’s strategic plan for sustainable development.However,there is a need to further optimize green building design methods,enhance the design quality of prefabricated residential buildings,and improve energy and resource utilization.Compared to traditional construction methods,prefabricated residential building design still faces several challenges during the actual construction process.These challenges include difficulties in design,material selection and processing,and the high demands for construction coordination.To strengthen the application of green building concepts in prefabricated residential design and effectively promote the sustainable development of the construction industry,this paper discusses practical measures for implementing green building design in prefabricated residential projects for reference.

Research on the Optimization of Green Building Performance Based on BIM Technology

With the acceleration of urbanization,the construction industry has developed rapidly worldwide but has also brought serious environmental problems.Traditional architectural design methods often only focus on the function and beauty of the building while ignoring its impact on the environment.In addition,the lack of effective design and construction management methods also led to high resource and energy consumption.To overcome this challenge,the concept of green building came into being.Green buildings emphasize reducing the negative impact of buildings on the environment and improving resource utilization efficiency throughout the entire life cycle.BIM technology provides strong support for achieving this goal.Based on this,starting from the role of BIM technology in green building performance optimization,this article analyzes the optimization of green building performance solutions based on BIM technology in detail to promote the sustainable development of buildings.

A Review of Innovative Design Strategies for Prefabricated Green Buildings

Prefabricated green buildings are becoming a trend in the construction industry of China.The prefabricated components are made using modern technologies like green materials,artificial intelligence,and low-carbon and energy-saving techniques.This makes them an important aspect of the development of the construction industry in China,representing modernization and sustainable development.This article presents a study on the innovative design of prefabricated green buildings.This article serves to promote sustainable development on a macro level.

ADOPTION OF GREEN BUILDING GUIDELINES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES BASED ON U.S.AND INDIA EXPERIENCES

In the wake of sustainable construction entering the mainstream,many developing countries are either currently pursuing green building guidelines or are planning to pursue them in the near future.This research attempts to formulate an implementation strategy for the rapid adoption of these guidelines for the developing nations.This implementation strategy is based on the detailed review of the major green building guidelines globally and contex-tual information of Indian society collected through a survey questionnaire.The proposed strategy shows that it is important for green building initiatives to identify:the organizations that accelerate the adoption of green building guidelines in a society,the incentives and barriers associated with the green building guidelines,and the necessary motivations for the adopter organizations.An informed approach in the form of this implementation strategy might potentially contribute to the acceleration of green building guidelines’adoption in developing countries.

Adoption of, the Palestine Green Building Design Approach, with the Help of Checklist Tools

Nowadays our world is faced with various environmental problems. These environmental problems are caused by the increasing pollution in the world, increasing production and consumption of material goods. These problems have serious consequences for human health and also have a major impact on natural ecosystems. This paper discussed sustainable green building in terms of key principles for sustainable building, strategies and guidelines for sustainable green building, and steps for an integrated approach to green design. The study also looked at the status of green building and sustainability, as well as green building materials in Palestine. The study suggested a checklist to help assess the condition of buildings in Palestine and the extent to which they respond to the principles of sustainable green buildings, thus, contributing to help new and existing buildings to adopt a sustainable green building approach, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable green construction in terms of saving energy and resources and reducing waste, therefore, participating in preserving the environment and improving the quality of life.

Discussion of the Evaluation Method and Value of Green Building's POE in the Era of Large Data

China vigorously is carrying out the construction of green building and ecological city during " The 12 th five-Year plan". Now,although the identification system of design and operation have been implemented in the evaluation of green building,lacking of appropriate evaluation after use. The actual operation results of many buildings,which have got a green building logo,are not satisfied from the user 's perspective. In this paper,an evaluation method that combines the actual building energy consumption and users' satisfaction has been discussed,based on the post occupancy evaluation( POE) theory and the Big data technology. Through the comparison and analysis of building objective operational metrics and users subjective feelings indicators,the green buildings' POE has been achieved. Finally,the study analyzes the assessed value of green building's POE from the three-time dimensions,short-term,medium-term and long-term. And the outlook of the direction is looking forward to the follow-up study.

Analysis on synergies and trade-offs in green building development:from the perspective of SDG 11

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a prospect for the future development of all countries in the world.Its core is to set up the Sustainable Development Goals for the year of 2030,and develop a series of institutional mechanisms around SDGs to promote its implementation.The SDGs include 17 goals,of which SDG 11 is to make cities and human settlements inclusive,safe,resilient and sustainable.Green building can play a positive role in the implementation of SDG 11.However,the entire process of green building development involves multiple stakeholders and various professional fields,which play different roles where may be positive synergies or negative trade-offs in the whole process.This paper uses the nexus approaches to clarify how multiple stakeholders and professions interact with each other in the green building development with the aim of promoting SDG 11.

Impact of Green Buildings( LEED and Estidama) in the Middle East and China

0 Introduction The growing number of accredited green buildings reflects the development and adoption of various green building rating systems in our building construction industry globally and within the Middle East over the past 5 years.While the US based LEED system,Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design,has been widely utilized as an international

Problems and Solutions to Planning and Design of Green Building

Green building is one of the important issues for human beings to face ecological and environmental crisis and to examine its own behaviors. To realize sustainable development of architectural industry,main problems in planning and design of green building are analyzed,ideas and suggestions for planning and design of domestic green building are put forward,under the guidance of green building evaluation standards,and on the following two aspects,including urban planning and design driven by shortterm benefits and different design emphases due to unilateral understanding of green building.

EVALUATING INSTITUTIONAL GREEN BUILDING POLICIES:A Mixed-Methods Approach

Sustainable or green building practices have been adopted recently by many higher education institutions for their new campus buildings and major renovations.To date,no formal study has been conducted to determine if policy is essential for sustainable building practices and the implementation of LEED®for these institutional green buildings in North America.A mixed-methods approach consisting of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews was undertaken with senior facility professionals at higher education institutions in North America.The survey evalu-ated the institution’s use of a policy,guideline,standard,law or goal related to sustainable building practices and the interview identified specific practices as well as issues such as leadership,policy compliance and barriers to adopting sustainable building policies.This paper provides a framework for an institutional sustainable building policy that is suitable to use as a template for senior facility professionals and their specific policy development.This work contrib-utes to a foundation for future research related to sustainable/green building policy development and its application to the higher education sector.

The Combination of BIM Technology with the Whole Life Cycle of Green Building

In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car- bon livable cities and the realization of energy-saving and beautification of buildings are now being strongly promoted and havebecome an important indicator of urban development. With the implementation of green building and BIM technology, the combination of BIM technology with green building is a new momentum in the development of the construction industry. The application of BIM can make the quantitative management of green buildings in the whole life cycle, get rid of the shackles of traditional models, make the design and construction process more accurate, and also make the whole process of green buildings more standardized. Among them, the core of BIM is the information model, and the core of green building is: low energy consumption, green and sustainable. This paper firstly explains the concepts and advantages of BIM technology and green building, and separately elaborates the significance of using both in the construction field. Secondly, the current development status of BIM technology and green building is obtained by studying and analyzing the development status and connection between them. Finally, combining BIM technology in the whole life cycle of green building, analyzing the current situation and advantages and disadvantages of using the combination of green building and BIM in actual engineering, clarifying the importance of using BIM in the whole life cycle of green building, and highlighting the combination of BIM technology and the whole life cycle of green building as an important tool for the future development of the construction industry.

A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF MOTIVATION AND INFLUENCES FOR ACADEMIC GREEN BUILDING DEVELOPMENTS IN AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITIES

Green building projects have been adopted by many universities in Australia as part of their renovation and expansion.In order to investigate the motivations of academic decision makers to invest in green facilities,a comprehensive analysis of media articles of 24 green academic buildings approved by the Green Building Council of Australia(between 2004 and 2011)were analysed using a qualitative analytical approach based on grounded theory.Findings in this work show that the decision makers in Australian universities are more likely to be driven by the direct benefits green buildings brought to the universities,enhancing universities’reputation and meeting the specific needs for education and research.Other factors that deal with improving universities’financial conditions and environmental protection were found to be a lower significance for investments.However the connections between the motivating factors also reveal the indirect benefits of green buildings which are an enhancement in reputation by fulfilling an environmental protection responsibility and research capacity enhancement by supplying technical study opportunities for students and researchers.This paper proposes an approach to deal with the complex network of vague and subjective concepts of the green buildings comprehension.It supplies researchers with tools for analysing abstract concepts and determining their interactions.

GREEN BUILDING POLICY OPTIONS FOR THE PUBLIC SECTOR

Green building is receiving increased attention in the public sector in the United States.Over the past ten years,public sector organizations have gone from“testing the waters”with green building pilot projects to developing wide-reaching policies that incorporate green building practices and standards as a formal part of capital project decision processes.A variety of approaches have been employed at the federal,state,and local levels that encourage or require green building practices on public sector projects.To date,however,there has been no systematic evaluation of the pros and cons of these policy options to provide a basis for organizations considering how best to construct a program to meet the needs of its specific context.This paper identifies,compares,and contrasts options that have been incorporated as part of green building programs for states and other public sector organization seeking to motivate green building practices in their capital projects and facilities.Three categories of options are considered:Policy,Program,and Evaluation options.The paper evaluates alternatives within each of these categories according to their potential social,environmental,and economic impacts as well as their likelihood of implementation success within the context of public agencies.The findings of this paper contribute a palette of options for policymakers to consider when drafting policies for their organizations,along with program options to be considered by those who must implement the policies.This work contributes a foundation for future research to further understand the relative effectiveness and impacts of policy elements on green building practice within public sector organizations.

IMPROVING THE LINK BETWEEN THE LEED GREEN BUILDING LABEL AND A BUILDING’S ENERGY-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL METRICS

The US Green Building Council’s (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green buildingrating program has grown from a little known tool for market change to a label and brand relied upon by many ofthe largest players in real estate. It now serves as an indicator of sustainability and an instrument for environmentalmanagement. While LEED-certifi ed buildings tend to offer greater environmental benefi ts than their conventionalcounterparts, research and experience shows that the variation in and magnitude of these benefi ts varies, even amongbuildings of the same LEED certifi cation level. In light of growing concerns about “greenwashing” and the liabilityassociated with questionable environmental declarations, it is important to ensure that users of LEED and similarcertifi cation programs receive a set of benefi ts comparable to those expected. With a focus on energy-related issues, thisresearch (1) highlights evidence of the inconsistency between the expected and actual benefi ts of LEED buildings, (2)suggests revisions to LEED’s Energy & Atmosphere (EA) section to reduce the variation and magnitude in the energyrelatedenvironmental impacts from LEED buildings, (3) quantifi es this reduction in variation and magnitude ofimpacts using Monte Carlo analyses and probabilistic models created specifi cally for this research, (4) compares carbondioxide emissions from LEED buildings to the Architecture 2030 Challenge goals and (5) quantifi es the importanceof scoring LEED buildings on a per capita normalized basis. This research is a follow-up piece to the authors’ previouswork published in the Journal of Green Building (Wedding and Crawford-Brown 2007).

THE ROAD TO PLATINUM Using the USGBC’s LEED-EB® Green Building Rating System to Retrofit the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Region 10 Park Place Office Building

According to the U.S.Green Building Council(USGBC),buildings account for a significant amount of environmental degradation.The building sector is the number one producer of global CO_(2) emissions in the U.S.,followed by the transportation and industrial sectors.1(See Figure 1 for the environmental impact of all U.S.buildings.)The concept of green buildings represents a major paradigm shift in the architectural,construction,and engineering fields.As society increasingly switches its appreciation of buildings from merely size and aesthetics toward environmental stewardship and efficiency,the USGBC’s LEED Green Building Rating System has become increasingly popular to follow.Since its inception in 2000,the LEED system has been promoting and monitoring green building practices throughout the United States.With a four-tiered rating scheme including LEED Certified,LEED Silver,LEED Gold,and LEED Platinum,the system currently has 35,000 projects already on their way toward certification.2 In particular,the LEED for Existing Buildings(LEED-EB)system looks to retrofit existing buildings into those that are more sustainable,efficient,and environmentally friendly.Doing so significantly reduces the demand for new resources,as construction managers can recycle and reuse building materials and incorporate them into new designs.This truly is the definition of green building and is the way of the future.By implementing green building practices,many of the adverse environmental impacts of buildings can be dramatically reduced,often for only a one to two percent initial cost premium over the price of conventional construction practice.3 Several environmental benefits of green buildings include improving air and water quality,conserving natural resources,and becoming more energy efficient.Sudies have shown that green buildings,compared to normal buildings,can reduce energy use by 24–50 percent,CO_(2) emissions by 33–39 percent,water use by 40 percent,and solid waste by 70 percent.4(See Figure 2 for the impact of green commercial buildings compared to the average commercial building.)In fact,if half of all new construction within the U.S.were built to match these percentages,it would be the equivalent of taking more than one million cars off of the road every year.5 Economic benefits include reducing operating costs,improving employee productivity and satisfaction,and optimizing economic performance over the life cycle of the structure.6 Additionally,health and community benefits include enhancing occupant comfort and health,and contributing to an overall positive environmentallyconscious reputation.7 Furthermore,Taryn Holowka states,“people in green buildings have 40-60 percent fewer incidents of colds,flu,and asthma;patients in green hospitals are discharged as much as two and a half days earlier;and kids in green schools increase their test scores by as much as 18 percent.”8 The U.S.EPA’s Region 10 Park Place office building in Seattle was built in 1970.Its owner,Washington Holdings,and building manager,Wright Runstad&Company,have been encouraged by the EPA to use innovative energy conservation design,water conservation,waste reduction,stormwater management,and other strategies to make the structure more sustainable.Following the EPA’s Green Building Strategy,which states that the EPA aims to strengthen the foundations of green building and raise public awareness of building-related impacts and opportunities,the Park Place building has become only the fifteenth LEED-EB Platinum building in the world,and one of the most impressive nearly-forty-year-old buildings in the entire United States.By using the LEED-EB Platinum green building rating system,the Park Place building management team has been able to successfully lower the building’s energy consumption rate,improve its water efficiency,and make many other beneficial changes—all of which demonstrate just how effective the LEED system is at producing higher performance buildings.

A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF GREEN BUILDINGS WITH RESPECT TO CONSTRUCTION WASTE MINIMIZATION USING BIG DATA IN HONG KONG

It is generally accepted that the extra construction costs involved in the construction of green buildings will result in benefits including lower operation costs,higher sale/rental prices,and better sustainability performance.However,there has been little recognition of construction waste minimization(CWM)as one of the important benefits of sustainability performance as designated in green building.is paper aims to provide a better understanding of the cost benefit of green buildings with respect to CWM by using big data in the context of Hong Kong.The study is innovative in that it conducts a cost-benefit analysis specifically on CWM of green buildings by mining large-volume datasets.A surprise finding is that Hong Kong’s green building rating system(GBRS),i.e.the BEAM Plus,has a negligible effect on CWM,while it generally increases construction costs by approximately 24%.Hence,the increased construction cost of green buildings cannot be offset by CWM if corresponding items in the BEAM Plus are not properly incentivized.is paper demonstrates the necessity of emphasizing CWM-related items in GBRSs and of taking appropriate measures to deal with them.It also provides better decision-support information on the increased construction costs and the attainable benefits of green building that developers may wish to consider when initiating a green building project.