GDI and GSI: China’s New Propositions for Global Governance

In the post-pandemic era,the global economic and security landscapes are fraught with complexities and uncertainties.Among them,four risk flashpoints merit attention:Certain countries are raising interest rates to subdue inflation,despite their already high levels of debt;the bulk commodities market is experiencing volatility,leading to global turbulence and change;trade protectionism is at the forefront of major-power rivalry in political and economic spheres;and regional security crises are compounding international tensions.Behind those flashpoints are contradictions that obstruct world peace and progress,including development imbalances,governance gaps,and structural tensions in global security.In the face of uncertainties,it is crucial for China to seize strategic opportunities and transform crises into favorable situations.China has launched the Global Development Initiative(GDI)and the Global Security Initiative(GSI)to contribute to global prosperity and security.The two initiatives demonstrate China’s commitment to addressing global deficits in peace,development,security,and governance.

GDI增压汽油发动机机油稀释问题分析及优化

目前增压发动机汽车日益增多,缸内直喷(GDI)技术在增强汽车动力性的同时,发动机机油稀释问题增多。文中针对某2.0T增压汽油发动机在试验过程中出现的机油稀释问题,分析机油稀释的形成机制和影响因素,从发动机水温、喷油策略、燃油导轨压力方面提出优化措施并进行验证。结果表明,发动机水温从88℃提高至98℃、喷油起始时刻(SOI)由95°CA调整为40°CA、燃油导轨压力由13 MPa提高至15 MPa,机油稀释问题得到明显改善。

Risk assessment of oil and gas investment environment in countries along the Belt and Road Initiative

With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, China is deepening its cooperation in oil and gas resources with countries along the Initiative. In order to better mitigate risks and enhance the safety of investments, it is of significant importance to research the oil and gas investment environment in these countries for China's overseas investment macro-layout. This paper proposes an indicator system including 27 indicators from 6 dimensions. On this basis, game theory models combined with global entropy method and analytic hierarchy process are applied to determine the combined weights, and the TOPSIS-GRA model is utilized to assess the risks of oil and gas investment in 76 countries along the Initiative from 2014 to 2021. Finally, the GM(1,1) model is employed to predict risk values for 2022-2025. In conclusion, oil and gas resources and political factors have the greatest impact on investment environment risk, and 12 countries with greater investment potential are selected through cluster analysis in conjunction with the predicted results. The research findings may provide scientific decisionmaking recommendations for the Chinese government and oil enterprises to strengthen oil and gas investment cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road Initiative.

基于GDI+的监视数据处理与显示系统的设计与实现

为提高设备维护效率,增强对监视设备运行状态的掌握,快速锁定故障范围,阐述在Windows 7下利用C#设计开发一套监视数据处理与显示系统,该系统能够实时解析和显示监视数据,同时具备原始数据存储和回放能力。给出系统的总体设计及各个模块功能的设计与实现方案,阐述系统的总体工作流程,分析各个模块实现的关键点,给出解决方法。该系统在用户现场的测试表明:系统工作稳定,实用性较高,操作便捷,解决了困扰设备维护人员的难题。

Enhancing Private Healthcare Effectiveness in Lagos State, Nigeria: An Overview of the Effect of Quality Improvement Initiatives and Implications for Sustainable Healthcare Delivery

Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge of ensuring quality healthcare access. The overview of the effect of quality improvement initiatives in this paper focuses on private healthcare providers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study assesses the impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects on these private healthcare facilities. It explores the level of participation, perceived support, and tangible effects of the initiatives on healthcare delivery within private healthcare facilities. It also examines how these initiatives influence patient inflow and facility ratings, and bring about additional benefits and improvements, provides insights into the challenges faced by private healthcare providers in implementing quality improvement projects and elicits recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such initiatives. Methods: Qualitative research design was employed for in-depth exploration, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Private healthcare providers in Lagos involved in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project were purposively sampled for diversity. Face-to-face interviews elicited insights into participation, perceived support, and project effects. Questions covered participation levels, support perception, changes observed, challenges faced, and recommendations. Thematic analysis identified recurring themes from interview transcripts. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and informed consent. Results: Respondents affirmed active involvement in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project, echoing literature emphasizing private-sector collaboration with the public sector. While acknowledging positive influences on facility ratings, respondents highlighted challenges within the broader Nigerian healthcare landscape affecting patient numbers. Respondents cited tangible improvements, particularly in staff management and patient care processes, validating the positive influence of quality improvement projects. Financial constraints emerged as a significant challenge, aligning with existing literature emphasizing the pragmatic difficulties faced by private healthcare providers. Conclusions: This study illuminates the complex landscape of private healthcare provision in Lagos State, emphasizing the positive impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects. The findings provide nuanced insights, guiding policymakers, healthcare managers, and practitioners toward collaborative, sustainable improvements. As Nigeria progresses, these lessons will be crucial in shaping healthcare policies prioritizing population well-being.

UNEP welcomes China to international decarbonization initiative

An official with the United Nations Environment Programme has welcomed China’s participation in an international initiative that aims to decarbonize the building sector,saying it offers the opportunity for China to share its valuable experiences and insight on promoting green buildings.Jonathan Duwyn,program officer of UNEP’s buildings and construction cities unit,made the remarks in a recent interview with China Daily,following the launch of the Buildings Breakthrough on Dec.6at COP28United Nations climate change conference in Dubai,the United Arab Emirates.

Innovation Analysis of Rural Agricultural Economic Management Model in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

[Objectives]To explore innovative strategies for rural agricultural economic development in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative.[Methods]This research adopts the method of literature review and field research,systematically combs the research results related to the Belt and Road Initiative and rural agricultural economic management,and deeply understands the actual situation of rural agricultural economic management.[Results]The research shows that in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative,the rural agricultural economy is facing new development opportunities and challenges,but there are also some problems.In the new period,we should accelerate the innovative development of rural agricultural economy by promoting market-oriented reform,strengthening scientific and technological innovation,optimizing the industrial structure,deepening international cooperation and other measures.The Belt and Road Initiative provides an important opportunity for the innovation of rural agricultural economic management.Rural agricultural economic management should be actively integrated into the Belt and Road construction to improve the level of rural agricultural economic management.[Conclusions]This study provides useful exploration and reference for the innovation of rural agricultural economic management models,which helps to promote the healthy development of rural agricultural economy and achieve the goal of rural revitalization.

基于GDI的变电站主接线模拟图板软件的设计与实现

本文设计并实现了一种基于GDI的变电站主接线模拟图板软件,可以完全替代传统模拟图板功能。软件设计了设备图元类存储和绘制各种变电站设备,解决了设备规模大小影响画面疏密程度的问题,实现了模拟预演过程中的微机防误闭锁,使用XML格式描述变电站主接线及其设备,通过DOM技术读取XML文档信息。该系统具有适用性广、经济性好、变电站扩建维护方便快捷等优点。

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.

Preliminary Study on Overseas Applicability of Chinese Architectural Design Standards:Taking China-Aided Construction Projects in Asia Since the Belt and Road Initiative as Examples

This research takes China-aided construction projects in Asia since the Belt and Road Initiative as examples to explore the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards in other Asian countries.So far,the standards demonstrated the highest applicability in South Asia is the best followed by Southeast Asia.Chinese architectural design standards for educational buildings showed the highest applicability,followed by office,medical,and sports buildings.This study puts forward some strategies to improve the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards.These strategies include integrating regionalism and local cultural traditions,optimizing energy efficiency,and aligning designs with local usage habits.This study serves as a reference for similar projects in the future.

Optimizing University Faculty Teams: Addressing the Talent Mobility Challenges in the Context of “Double First-Class” Initiative

With the advancement of the“Double First-Class”initiative,universities are increasingly focusing on attracting top-tier talent to enhance faculty quality and strengthen academic disciplines.The blind competition for high-end talent among universities reflects an overshadowing of academic values by economic considerations,neglecting the growth patterns of top talent and the development laws of higher education.This study investigates and reflects on the real-world challenges of faculty mobility in universities,aiming to provide effective guidance for managing university faculty teams.

Discourse Analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative From the Perspective of Central Asian Countries: A Case Study of the Republic of Kazakhstan

This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.

互惠利他的先行优势:品牌的互惠角色影响消费者亲社会行为

在当前强调社会责任传播与披露的背景下,品牌与利益相关方的互动成为影响人们参与公益事业的重要因素。作为观察者,个体通常消极评价品牌追求利益的善行。然而,当品牌在互惠关系中率先发起利益并获得回报后,观察者在新情境中对品牌的响应表现出比回报一方更高的亲社会性。具体而言,本研究探究了品牌的互惠角色(发起者vs.回报者)对消费者亲社会行为的作用机理及边界条件。通过1项二手数据和4项设计实验发现:相较于回报者的角色,品牌在互惠关系中担任发起者的角色会提升消费者对其善行的内在动机归因,从而激励自己积极参与品牌倡导的亲社会行为。然而,当品牌具有疏离外部群体(vs.成员群体)标签时,该效应会发生逆转。本研究丰富了互惠关系的不对称性和传递性研究,同时从资源循环的情境角度补充了先行优势。

马来西亚中医药医教浅谈

作者通过查阅文献、实地考察、临床验证、学习政策,根据所了解的中医药在马来西亚的情况,分别对马来西亚的中医药萌芽发展、执业情况、药业概况、临床诊疗、相关教育情况以及政策展望进行汇报、分析,以期未来中医药在医疗服务、医保政策、教育、贸易和科研等方面发挥自身独有的优势与特色,被越来越多的马来西亚人民接受。

HTI介质下五维地震脆性稳定预测方法研究

岩石的脆性性质是页岩油气藏勘探开发过程中工程甜点预测的重要指标之一。以横向各向同性介质(HTI)为例,建立了各向异性假设下的脆性指示因子与背景杨氏模量、背景泊松比及各向异性参数的关系,形成了五维地震脆性稳定预测方法。首先,基于各向同性假设预测储层的杨氏模量和泊松比;其次,基于复频域反演获得各向异性参数的低频信息作为初始模型,结合方位振幅差异反演技术稳定预测储层的3个各向异性参数;最后,通过背景杨氏模量和泊松比以及各向异性参数计算各向异性储层的脆性指示因子,实现HTI介质脆性的稳定预测。该方法可以充分利用宽频地震数据的低频信息,并将六参数直接反演转化为二次三参数反演,理论上提升了反演过程的稳定性。实际资料应用结果表明,该方法针对页岩油的脆性预测具有良好的效果。

规则波作用下混凝土-环氧涂层界面气泡初始损伤演化

针对海工建筑物混凝土-环氧涂层界面气泡初始损伤在波浪作用下加速演化,进而导致涂层发生力学剥蚀的问题,本文基于内聚力模型基本理论,二次开发内聚力单元,建立环氧涂层-混凝土基体界面初始损伤内聚力模型,模拟规则波作用下界面疲劳损伤过程,分析规则波作用下气泡生成角度、面积和偏心率等因素对初始损伤演化的影响。结果表明,涂层界面初始损伤的扩展演化分为损伤演化前、疲劳累积和损伤扩展三个阶段:初始损伤演化前,初始损伤动力响应集中于气泡底部尤其是半短轴边缘部位;疲劳累积阶段,半短轴边缘疲劳损伤累积呈阶梯式增长,半短轴边缘脱黏失效后,半长轴疲劳损伤迅速累积并发生脱黏失效;脱黏扩展阶段,脱黏区域从气泡初始损伤底部向外扩展,半短轴脱黏速率大于半长轴,最终形成圆形脱黏区域。随着气泡面积和偏心率的增加,内聚力单元最大应力和最大应变增大,涂层脱黏历时缩短;随着气泡生成角度增加,气泡底部内聚力单元最大应变逐渐减小,底部内聚力单元的应变集中效应减弱,涂层脱黏历时增长。

基于GDI+的通用图形平台设计

基于Windows平台下.NetFramework中GDI+二维图形类库,采用面向对象的分层模块化设计方法,给出一套简洁、实用的图形平台实现方案。统一抽象了基本图元及复合图元的定义,解决了图元的可视化编辑,连续刚性不失真复合变换,以及图形画面局部刷新等几大难题。

基于双缓冲技术的GDI+无闪烁绘图

图形闪烁是使用GDI+编写Windows窗体应用程序时经常遇到的一个问题。在深入分析窗体重绘模型基础上,阐述了图形闪烁的本质原因。利用.NET框架中内置的双缓冲技术,提出了两种GDI+无闪烁绘图方法。以模拟时钟程序为例,说明了这两种方法都非常简便且有效。

Windows GDI+的研究与应用

GDI是Windows图形图像编程的主要接口,但是其功能贫乏,使用复杂给程序员带来很多的不便。GDI+的出现使这一现象大为改观,它是微软的.NetFramework的一个重要组成部分,大大增强了Windows的图形图像开发接口,同时它也改变了传统的GDI编程模式,使开发工作大幅度简化。首先从理论角度介绍GDI+的种种优越特性,再从代码开发的角度说明如何来使用GDI+。

三种基于GDI+的图像灰度化实现方法

随着数字图像处理对于快速性、实时性的要求越来越高,寻求快速有效的图像灰度化处理方法成为急待解决的问题。介绍了三种基于GDI+的图像灰度化实现方法:直接读写像素法、色彩变换法和直接读写内存图像数据法。并对这三种方法进行了性能、实现复杂度等方面的比较。可以得出:直接读写像素法处理过程缓慢,不能满足实际图像处理需要;色彩变换法处理速度快,处理速度是直接读写像素法处理速度的60倍以上;直接读写内存图像数据法处理速度最快,处理速度是色彩变换法处理速度的2.3倍左右,可以满足大部分情况下的实际图像处理需要。