Valuation of the flexibility in decision-making for revamping installations―A case from fertilizer plants

This paper puts forward a valuation model for the flexibility of revamping urea plants based on the substitutability of switching between the internationally accepted fertilizer feedstock fuel oil and natural gas. The paper first builds a stochastic mean-reversion model for fuel oil prices and natural gas prices respectively, then estimates and tests the parameters using the fuel oil and natural gas prices data from the U.S. market. This paper also conducts a sensitivity analysis with important parameters. The results show that the real option method can be applied successfully to evaluate the flexibility in decision- making for revamping installations in fertilizer plants or other similar plants.

Investigation of Changes in Flow Parameters along the Transport Line in Installations for Pneumatic Transport of Cotton

The article presents the results of a study of changes in the parameters of the flow, velocity and pressure of air along the cotton transportation line in pneumatic transport installations and their dependence on the parameters of the pipeline. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate the choice of the pipeline diameter depending on the properties of the material (cotton), the required processing capacity and pipeline throughput. In the research, an analytical method was used to study changes in the pressure of the air flow along the transportation line at different pipeline diameters. It is established that, according to the existing calculation method, the flow pressure along the transportation line is reduced to zero. At the same time, various scientists have proposed various analytical and empirical dependencies, which, in turn, give different ideas about the resistance of the inner surface of the pipes to the movement of air and material flow and do not describe the real situation, especially when transporting material from a long distance. This requires in-depth theoretical and applied research to establish real patterns of changes in flow parameters along the material (cotton) transportation line.

Innovative Design of Landscape Installations in Commercial Pedestrian Streets Based on Experience Needs

Based on the relevant literature and case data, this paper analyzed the design elements of commercial pedestrian streets and design ideas of landscape installations based on behavioral psychological characteristics and experience requirements of users, and summarized the FST design method, that is, landscape installation design of commercial pedestrian streets needs to meet the function of commercial use and respect the spirit of place, and uses modern technology to achieve multiple experience models to meet high-level experience needs.

Application of Interactive Installations in Urban Landscape Design

At present,many scholars at home and abroad have put forward classic theoretical knowledge about interactive installations,but the application research of interactive installations in urban landscape design is relatively vague.Moreover,most of them focus on the research of individual interactive installations without taking the surrounding environment into consideration,and there are few targeted researches on the application of interactive installations in landscape design.In this study,through the investigation on interactive forms and implementation methods of interactive installation intervention in urban landscapes,as well as domestic excellent cases,we discovered the existing problems of interactive installation intervention in urban landscape design and put forward our own opinions on future development.

ENVIRONMENTAL TENDENCIES IN MODULAR GREEN INSTALLATIONS

There are two main approaches when discussing living green walls:an ecological one and an artistic one.Ecological thinking mainly considers environmental aspects,comfort enhancement and energy consumption and oversees human interaction and actual proximity to plants.In opposition,art or architecture installations that involve vegetation,lack technical and ecological aspects,aiming to raise awareness on environmental issues using human interaction either physically(direct)or emotionally(indirect).The present paper aims to analyze methods of combining the two directions,in a functional,ecological,yet aesthetically pleasing composition.In order to further develop previous experiences gathered by the team members,authors of this article,a green installation concept made out of interactive modular systems unites all the knowledge into a new,living,moving,dynamic,interactive structure whose inspiration is taken from nature while using biomimicry as main principle for its development.This new concept responds and is influenced by both external,natural stimuli and by the human factor.Multidisciplinarity is a key element in developing this project,involving architecture,art,interior and landscape design,botany,geometry,mechanical and electrical engineering,leading towards new research directions and innovative approaches in greenery-interior environment connections.

GeoAI for detection of solar photovoltaic installations in the Netherlands

National mapping agencies are responsible for creating and maintaining country wide geospatial datasets that are highly accurate and homogenous.The Netherlands’Cadastre,Land Registry and Mapping Agency,in short,the Kadaster,has created a database of information related to solar installations,using GeoAI.Deep Learning techniques were employed to detect small and medium-scale solar installations on buildings from very highresolution aerial images for the whole of the Netherlands.The impact of data pre-processing and postprocessing are addressed and evaluated.The process was automatized to deal with enormous data and the method was scaled-up nation-wide with the help of cloud solutions.In order to make this information visible,consistent and usable,we built-upon the existing TernausNet;a convolution neural network(CNN)architecture.Model metrics were evaluated after post-processing.The algorithm when used in combination with automated or custom post-processing improves the results.The precision and recall rates of the model for 3 different regions were evaluated and are on average about 0.93 and 0.92 respectively after implementation of post-processing.Use of custom post-processing improves the results by removing the false positives by at least 50%.The final results were compared with the existing national PV register.Overall,the results are not only useful for policy makers to assist them to take the necessary steps in achieving the energy transition goals but also serves as a register for infrastructure planning.

Effects of installations on the low frequency vibration response of specimens in acoustic fatigue tests

The low frequency vibration response of a specimen in acoustic fatigue tests depends not only on the dynamic characteristics and the boundary conditions of the specimen itself, but also on the test unit which couples the specimen to a given sound field. Further, the latter can even be dominant instead the former in some circumstances. This fact is shown in the paper by using the experimental results and the theoretical analysis of the acoustic-induced vibration of a boundary clamped rectangular thin plate. In analysing the systems of acoustic fatigue test, an approach of electro-mechano-acoustical analogous circuit is used. The application of the approach can give an estimation of the effects on the low frequency vibration modes of various parameters in a system quantitatively. This supplies a theoretical basis and a means for the rational layout of acoustic fatigue tests.

Configuration and Recent Field Installations of LV-Converter Based Energy Storage System

Energy storage plays an increasingly important role in modem power systems. It can add value to power systems in various aspects. This paper discusses possible energy storage system （ESS） applications and their benefits to power systems. The system configuration, converter design, and recent field installations of an LV converter based ESS are presented.

Engineering and Physical Bases of Development and Creation of Plasmochemical Reactors for Mobile Facilities for Medical Waste Disposal

This paper presents the results of the development and creation of plasma-chemical reactors for mobile and stationary installations for the destruction and disposal of solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed medical waste based on the domestic plasma generator PUN-1, with air as the plasma-forming gas. The design and principle of operation of plasma-chemical reactors installed on mobile experimental and industrial plants “Plazmon-1,2,3”, as well as the main features of the plasma waste disposal process are described.

Experimental Study on the Sinking and Leveling of A Large-Capacity Offshore Wind Turbine Five-Bucket Foundation in Sand

As offshore wind farms expand into deeper and farther ocean regions and the unit capacity of offshore wind turbines(OWTs)increases,there is a pressing need for a new foundation structure that can accommodate deep-sea conditions and support large capacities while maintaining economical and safe.To meet this goal of integrated transportation and one-step installation,a novel five-bucket jacket foundation(FBJF),with its suction installation and leveling methods in sand,has been proposed,analyzed and experimentally studied.First,seepage failure experiments of the FBJF at various depths were conducted,and a formula for calculating the critical suction of seepage failure suitable for the FBJF in sand was chosen and recommended for use with a range of values for the permeability coefficient ratio.Second,through leveling experiments of the FBJF at different depths,the maximum adjustable leveling angle during the sinking process was defined using seepage failure and the adjustable leveling angle of the foundation as control criteria.Various leveling control strategies were proposed and verified.Finally,an automatic sinking and leveling control system for the FBJF was developed and experimentally verified for feasibility.

Simplified prediction models for acoustic installation effects of train-mounted equipment

Acoustic models of railway vehicles in standstill and pass-by conditions can be used as part of a virtual certification process for new trains.For each piece of auxiliary equipment,the sound power measured on a test bench is combined with meas-ured or predicted transfer functions.It is important,however,to allow for installation effects due to shielding by fairings or the train body.In the current work,fast-running analytical models are developed to determine these installation effects.The model for roof-mounted sources takes account of diffraction at the corner of the train body or fairing,using a barrier model.For equipment mounted under the train,the acoustic propagation from the sides of the source is based on free-field Green’s functions.The bottom surfaces are assumed to radiate initially into a cavity under the train,which is modelled with a simple diffuse field approach.The sound emitted from the gaps at the side of the cavity is then assumed to propagate to the receivers according to free-field Green’s functions.Results show good agreement with a 2.5D boundary element model and with measurements.Modelling uncertainty and parametric uncertainty are evaluated.The largest variability occurs due to the height and impedance of the ground,especially for a low receiver.This leads to standard deviations of up to 4 dB at low frequencies.For the roof-mounted sources,uncertainty over the location of the corner used in the equivalent barrier model can also lead to large standard deviations.

The Peaceland Foundation Visits Cambodia

Recently,a delegation of the Peaceland Foundation,a Chinese CSO based in Beijing,together with representatives from Sany Foundation and corporate partners visited Cambodia for a project inspection.They held friendly talks with their Cambodian counterparts on such topics as strengthening the mine clearance techniques of officials at the Cambodian Mine Action Centre(CMAC),installing new equipment,and conducting exchanges and training activities on drones.

Chinese Economy Scales New Heights

The positive figures of last year confirm the strength,resilience,and prospects of the Chinese economy.CHINA’S government work report delivered to the 2024“Two Sessions”in early March released some important statistics.The GDP surpassed RMB 126 trillion,an increase of 5.2 percent.A total of 12.44 million urban jobs were added,and the average surveyed urban unemployment rate stood at 5.2 percent by average.The consumer price index(CPI)rose by 0.2 percent.The production and sales of new-energy vehicles accounted for over 60 percent of the world’s total.Grain output hit a record high of 695 million tonnes.The installed renewable energy capacity surpassed its thermal power for the first time in Chinese history,accounting for over half of newly installed renewable energy capacity worldwide.The per capita disposable income of residents also rose by 6.1 percent nationwide.

Digital Twins:A New Model for Urban Governance

Avivid three-dimensional rendering of a bridge appeared on the intelligent monitor and evaluation platform at Beijing Yunlu Technology Co.,Ltd.,pointing to key factors of bridge health.Real-time status,events,transportation navigation,and traffic conditions were all tracked on the screen.Numerous sensors installed on bridge track every minor dynamic change on the bridge surface and perform digital analysis.

Speeds Up the Construction of a New Power System

"In 2023,China's photovoltaic industry continued to maintain a rapid development momentum,with an additional installed capacity of more than 216 GW,accounting for more than half of the global total.The cumulative installed capacity is close to 610 GW,which helps the installed capacity of renewable energy surpass that of thermal power historically.In 2023,the output value of the domestic photovoltaic manufacturing industry exceeded RMB1.75 trillion,a year-on-year increase of 17.1%,and the output of the four main industrial chains of polysilicon.

Translation Theory and Techniques in Optometry Literature: A Case Study of the “Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”

Translation of specialized documents in optometry presents unique challenges,requiring a deep understanding of the professional context,terminology,and adherence to specific translation styles.This paper delves into the translation theory and techniques employed in the English-to-Chinese translation of the“Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”,serving as a case study.Emphasizing Nida’s theory of functional equivalence,the paper explores the complexities of translating professional optometry literature,focusing on key points and common issues in translating installation and maintenance manuals for optometric devices.Special attention is given to the translation of professional terminology,employing methods such as addition,omission,conversion,and repetition.The translation process aims to meet specific requirements,ensuring accuracy and coherence while aligning with Chinese language conventions.The paper also analyzes translation methods and techniques concerning terminology,prepositions,conjunctions,and handling parallel elements based on practical insights from the Optoform 80 Manual.

Construction Safety Management of Mechanical and Electrical Installation Projects

Various industries today rely on the support of electromechanical equipment,expanding its scope of application and leading to an increase in electromechanical installation projects.However,due to the high level of expertise required and the potential risks involved,it is crucial to emphasize safety management during construction.This paper delves into the significance of construction safety management for electromechanical installation projects,identifies common problems encountered during construction,and proposes solutions.This analysis aims to provide relevant personnel with essential guidance and references for managing electromechanical installation projects safely.

Return to Reality:Speculative Design of Interaction Ritual Chains and Exploration of Alone Together

“Alone together”is an ever-changing“wicked problem.”In this research and practice,the author tries to combine experience design,referring to the theory of“interaction ritual chain theory,”and creatively add interactive experience to discursive works,so that the audience can think between the real and the virtual.

New Quality,Great Potential

Here are some of the achievements China made in 2023:GDP exceeded 126 trillion yuan($17.43 trillion)with a growth of 5.2 percent;12.44 million new urban jobs were created;average surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas was 5.2 percent;consumer price index increased by 0.2 percent;new energy vehicle production and sales accounted for more than 60 percent of the global share;grain output reached a record high of 695 billion kg;installed renewable energy capacity surpassed thermal power capacity for the first time in history,and China accounted for over half of newly installed renewable energy capacity worldwide;per-capita disposable income of residents increased by 6.1 percent…

Research on the Application and Development of Digital Media Art in Urban Public Space Design

Digital media art is an emerging art form that combines digital technology and media art.It has huge potential to bring innovation to urban public spaces and provide them with vibrant artistic experiences.This article analyzes the design significance and value of digital media art in urban public space,its various forms of application in urban public space design,and the innovative ideas and paths that digital media art can take in urban public space to guide the future.The application and innovative methods of digital media art in urban public space design provide certain theoretical and practical references for urban planners and designers.