Enhanced recovery of high-purity Fe powder from iron-rich electrolytic manganese residue by slurry electrolysis

Iron-rich electrolytic manganese residue(IREMR)is an industrial waste produced during the processing of electrolytic metal manganese,and it contains certain amounts of Fe and Mn resources and other heavy metals.In this study,the slurry electrolysis technique was used to recover high-purity Fe powder from IREMR.The effects of IREMR and H2SO4 mass ratio,current density,reaction temper-ature,and electrolytic time on the leaching and current efficiencies of Fe were studied.According to the results,high-purity Fe powder can be recovered from the cathode plate,and the slurry electrolyte can be recycled.The leaching efficiency,current efficiency,and purity of Fe reached 92.58%,80.65%,and 98.72wt%,respectively,at a 1:2.5 mass ratio of H2SO4 and IREMR,reaction temperature of 60℃,electric current density of 30 mA/cm^(2),and reaction time of 8 h.In addition,vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)analysis showed that the coercivity of electrolytic iron powder was 54.5 A/m,which reached the advanced magnetic grade of electrical pure-iron powder(DT4A coercivity standard).The slurry electrolytic method provides fundamental support for the industrial application of Fe resource recovery in IRMER.

Effect of melt holding on morphological evolution and sedimentation behavior of iron-rich intermetallic phases in Al-Si-Fe-Mn-Mg alloy

The effect of the melt holding temperature on the morphological evolution and sedimentation behavior of iron-rich intermetallics in Al-7.0 Si-1.0 Fe-1.2 Mn-0.25 Mg alloy was investigated using an optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and differential thermal analyzer.The results show that as the holding temperature decreases,the morphologies of the primary iron-rich phase in matrix change from star-like to polygonal,and the number of the primary phases gradually decreases and disappears at 615°C.Finally,the Chinese script phases with small size,high compact and uniform distribution are obtained.In contrast,the primary iron-rich phases in slag transform into a coarser polygonal shape with lower roundness,and some of them have hollow structures.Furthermore,the area fraction of intermetallics and Fe content in the matrix decrease gradually due to the formation and growth of sludge and subsequent natural sedimentation during melt holding.With the decrease of holding temperature,the main factors hindering the settlement of the primary phases are morphology,size,and density in turn.

Glass ceramic of high hardness and fracture toughness developed from iron-rich wastes

A study has been carried out on the feasibility of using high iron content wastes, generated during steel making, as a raw material for the production of glass ceramic. The iron-rich wastes were mixed and melted in different proportions with soda-lime glass cullet and sand. The devitrification of the parent glasses produced from the different mixtures was investigated using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the glass-ceramic were assessed by hardness and indentation fracture toughness measurement. A glass ceramic with mixture of 60 wt pct iron-rich wastes, 25 wt pct sand, and 15 wt pct glass cullet exhibited the best combination of properties, namely, hardness 7.9 CPa and fracture toughness 3.75 MPa·m^1/2, for the sake of containing magnetite in marked dendritic morphology. These new hard glass ceramics are candidate materials for wear resistant tiles and paving for heavy industrial floors.

Research on rare earth and iron-rich diamond-enhanced tungsten carbide composite button

At the present time in china, the binder used in tungsten carbide composite button is mainly cobalt, which is very expensive. In order to solve the problems, a new type of rare earth and iron-rich diamond-enhanced tungsten carbide with high abrasive resistance and high toughness against impact, which realizes to substitute ferrum for cobalt, has been developed. The key problems in making the button are to improve the mechanical properties of matrix and increase the welding strength between the diamond and the matrix. All these problems have been solved effectively by low temperature activation hot-press sintering, doping rare earth lanthanum in matrix and high sintering pressure. The properties of the button have been determined under laboratory conditions. The test results show that its hardness is more than 90 HRA, its abrasive resistance is 39 times more than that of conventional cemented tungsten carbide, and its toughness against impact is more than 200 J. All these data show the button has very good mechanical properties.

Dynamic electromagnetic separation of iron-rich phase inclusions from Al alloy

Electromagnetic separation of the iron-rich phase inclusions from Al alloy was investigated. The influencing parameters including magnetic induction density, the section shape of the separating channel and the length of influential loop of the metal melt on the separation efficiency of iron-rich phase inclusions were studied. The results show that when the proper magnetic induction density (B=0.3T) is applied, rectangle separating channel is used, and the influential loop of the metal melt is long, high separating efficiency of the iron-rich phase inclusions can be obtained.

Electromagnetic separation of primary iron-rich phases from aluminum-silicon melt

The difference of conductivity between primary iron-rich phases and aluminum melt has been used to separate them by electromagnetic force (EMF) which is induced by imposing a direct electric current and a steady magnetic field in molten Al-Si alloy. Theoretical analysis and experiments on self-designed electromagnetic separation indicates that primary needle-like β phases are difficult to separate; while primary α iron-rich phases can be separated by electromagnetic separation. Primary iron-rich phases have been removed from the melt successfully when the molten metal flows horizontally through separation channel. The iron content is reduced from 1.13% to 0.41%.

The microstructure characteristics and fracture behavior of the polyhedral primary iron-rich phase and plate-shaped eutectic iron-rich phase in a high-pressure die-cast AlSi10MnMg alloy

The characterization of multiple iron-rich phases in high-pressure die-cast AlSi10MnMg alloy was studied.Attention was focused on the formation and fracture behavior of the primary iron-rich phase((P-IMC)_(I))formed in the shot sleeve and plate-shaped eutectic iron-rich phase in high-pressure die cast(HPDC)AlSi10MnMg alloy.Results show that multiple types of iron-rich phases with various morphologies,in-cluding primary iron-rich phases(polyhedral(P-IMC)_(I) and(P-IMC)_(II))and eutectic iron-rich phases(plate-shaped,net shape,and fish-bone shape),were found in HPDC AlSi10MnMg.Coarse(P-IMC)_(I) formed in the shot sleeve were distributed in the interface between primaryα-Al and binary Al-Si eutectic.Small size(P-IMC)_(II) and various eutectic iron-rich phases formed in the die cavity and they were distributed in Al-Si binary eutectic.The primary iron-rich phases belonged to a simple cubic crystal structure with a lattice constant a=1.265 nm and they exhibited a lateral growth characteristic with a termination of{110}surface.βphase was surrounded byδphase and they coexisted in a plate-shaped iron-rich phase.High-density stacking fault inβphase andδ/βinterface provided an excellent nucleation site forδphase.From mechanical behavior,the stress concentration caused by eutectic iron-rich phases was far less than(P-IMC)_(I) and it would not cause crack initiation along the eutectic cluster boundary.In addition,(P-IMC)_(I) showed the worst deformation coordination with primaryα-Al while the plate-shaped eutectic iron-rich phase exhibited similar deformation characteristics with silicon particles.

全球天然氢气勘探开发利用进展及中国的勘探前景

在全球能源脱碳背景下,天然氢气作为一种一次能源,因其零碳、可再生的优点而备受关注,但中国目前还未开展专门针对天然氢气的勘探工作。通过介绍全球已知高含量天然氢气(体积分数大于10%)气藏的主要形成地质环境及成因类型,系统总结了天然氢气富集的有利地质条件,并结合国外天然氢气的勘探开发现状,评价了中国天然氢气的勘探前景。研究结果表明:(1)全球高含量天然氢气主要发育于蛇绿岩带、裂谷和前寒武系富铁地层中,且以无机成因为主,富铁矿物的蛇纹石化过程是天然氢气最主要的成因来源,其次为地球深部脱气和水的辐解。(2)优质的氢源与良好的运移通道是氢气富集的前提,而盖层的封盖能力是天然氢气能否成藏的关键要素;天然氢气作为伴生气时,传统盖层对其具备封盖能力,但当其含量较高时,传统盖层可能难以形成有效封盖;裂谷环境、蛇绿岩发育区以及断裂发育的前寒武系富铁地层是富氢气藏的勘探有利区。(3)国外多个国家和地区已制定了天然氢气的勘探开发和利用计划,其中,马里已实现天然氢气的商业开采,美国、澳大利亚也已成功钻探天然氢气勘探井。(4)中国高含量氢气区与富氢地质条件高度匹配,天然氢气勘探前景良好,郯庐断裂带及周缘裂陷盆地区、阿尔金断裂带及两侧盆地区、三江构造带—龙门山断裂带及周缘盆地区的天然氢气勘探潜力较大;中国应尽快开展天然氢气普查工作,加强氢气成藏过程研究和潜力评价,并进行勘探技术、开采分离技术和储运技术的攻关,为天然氢气的大规模开发利用做好技术储备。

Synergistic effect of gradient Zn content and multiscale particles on the mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with coupling distribution of coarse-fine grains

This study investigated the influence of graded Zn content on the evolution of precipitated and iron-rich phases and grain struc-ture of the alloys,designed and developed the Al–8.0Zn–1.5Mg–1.5Cu–0.2Fe(wt%)alloy with high strength and formability.With the increase of Zn content,forming the coupling distribution of multiscale precipitates and iron-rich phases with a reasonable matching ratio and dispersion distribution characteristics is easy.This phenomenon induces the formation of cell-like structures with alternate distribu-tion of coarse and fine grains,and the average plasticity–strain ratio(characterizing the formability)of the pre-aged alloy with a high strength is up to 0.708.Results reveal the evolution and influence mechanisms of multiscale second-phase particles and the corresponding high formability mechanism of the alloys.The developed coupling control process exhibits considerable potential,revealing remarkable improvements in the room temperature formability of high-strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys.

高铁赤泥钙化还原过程液相生成抑制机理

高铁赤泥中赋存大量铁资源难以回收利用,钙化还原—磨选方法可实现赤泥中铁、铝组分的高效分离。针对高铁赤泥钙化还原过程中易形成液相,导致物料熔化和设备黏结的问题,本文提出分段式钙化还原—磨选技术路线,研究不同温度制度下,高铁赤泥钙化还原产物的形态、金属化率、微观结构、金属铁晶粒的生长规律和相关磨选指标。结果表明:采用分段钙化还原焙烧,可在低温阶段完成铁氧化物还原至金属铁和钙铝化合物形成的反应过程,在高温阶段完成金属铁颗粒的聚集长大过程,将低熔点物形成和高温焙烧分离进行,抑制液相生成。采用第一段1 125℃焙烧30 min、第二段1 200℃焙烧40 min的分段焙烧制度,还原过程无明显液相生成,金属铁颗粒的平均粒度达到21.52μm。还原产物经磨选后,所获得的还原铁粉TFe质量分数和Fe回收率分别达到92.84%和78.68%。本文研究成果可为高铁赤泥的资源化利用提供理论依据。

基于地球物理技术圈定沉积变质型富铁矿体:辽宁鞍山齐大山铁矿例析

辽宁鞍山—本溪地区是中国北方最重要的铁矿资源基地之一,区内分布有数量不等的富铁矿体,长期以来对富铁矿成矿理论研究成果丰硕,但针对富铁矿找矿技术方面的研究则相对缺乏。本文以辽宁鞍山齐大山铁矿为研究对象,基于贫铁矿体和富铁矿体的物性参数差异,优选地面高精度磁法和高密度电阻率法,开展齐大山铁矿内富铁矿体的综合地球物理探测研究工作。研究结果显示,地面高精度磁法可以通过16000 nT以上的高磁场强度特征圈出贫铁矿磁异常场内的富铁矿体,而高密度电阻率法则可以精细刻画高磁异常范围内的富铁矿体形态特征和规模;磁铁矿富矿电阻率小于2200Ω·m,以此为约束条件构建地面磁法的正反演模型,可实现对贫铁矿层中富铁矿体的准确识别定位;齐大山铁矿NNW走向断层与NEE横向断层交汇处更易产出厚大富铁矿体。

Fe含量对再生铝硅合金组织和性能的影响

利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、万能拉伸试验机等研究了Fe含量对再生铝硅合金组织和性能的影响,并对该合金中富铁相形态进行了定量分析。结果表明:当Fe含量从0.796%增加到1.301%时,合金组织中二次枝晶臂间距先减小再增大再减小;富铁相形貌的演变过程为紧密汉字状→汉字状+鱼骨状→汉字状+鱼骨状+针状→针状+汉字状→针状;合金中的富铁相面积分数逐渐上涨,富铁相长度不断增长,尤其当Fe含量从1.022%上升到1.301%,针状β-Fe相长度显著增长,平均长度最长可达119.5μm;β-Fe相的出现导致合金力学性能的显著下降,当Fe含量增至1.301%时,合金抗拉强度和伸长率相比0.796%Fe时分别下降26.26%和52.58%。

镉胁迫下富铁有机肥对芒草生长及镉富集的影响

为了探究镉胁迫下富铁有机肥对芒草生长及镉富集的影响,通过盆栽试验,设置CK(不施肥)、ZCK(施加普通有机肥)和Z2、Z3(施加不同浓度富铁有机肥)处理。结果表明:与CK相比,所有施肥处理均促进了芒草生长,改善了土壤理化性质,抑制了芒草富集重金属,且其中Z2、Z3比ZCK对芒草生长的效果更好。相对于ZCK,Z3的芒草干质量显著增加了131.80%,Z2的芒草根长显著增加了54.22%。此外,Z2地上部的镉含量相比于ZCK显著降低了49.86%,Z3地下部的镉含量相比于CK显著降低了58.94%。研究表明,施加富铁有机肥相对于普通有机肥更能有效促进芒草生长并抑制芒草对镉的富集,该肥料具有对轻度镉污染土壤进行边修复边生产的应用潜力。

挤压铸造铝铜合金的组织与力学性能研究

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸试验机等手段,研究了Mn/Fe比例和挤压压力对Al-Cu合金显微组织与力学性能的影响,揭示了Al-Cu合金中富铁相的存在形式和作用机理。结果表明,T6热处理态Al-Cu合金中存在针状β-Fe(Al_(7)Cu_(2)Fe)相和块状Al_(7)Cu_(2)(FeMn)相;随着Mn/Fe比例的增加,Al-Cu合金中块状Al_(7)Cu_(2)(FeMn)相的体积分数逐渐增加,而针状β-Fe相的体积分数逐渐降低,在Mn/Fe比例为为1.2和1.5时合金中都为块状富铁相;相较于挤压压力为0的Al-Cu合金,在施加75 MPa挤压压力后,相同Mn/Fe比例的Al-Cu合金中的富铁相都更为细小和分散;当挤压压力为0时,Al-Cu合金在Mn/Fe比例为1.2时达到抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率的最大值;当挤压压力为25 MPa和75 MPa时,Al-Cu合金在Mn/Fe比例为0.9时取得抗拉强度和屈服强度最大值,而断后伸长率随着Mn/Fe比例增加而略有降低。

Grain boundary optimization induced substantial squareness enhancement and high performance in iron-rich Sm-Co-Fe-Cu-Zr magnets

Increasing iron content has been witnessed an essential method to improve the remanence of 2:17-type Sm-Co-Fe-Cu-Zr magnets,however,the inferior squareness factor accompanied with the increased iron content turns into a neck sticking problem.In this work,the grain boundary optimization induced substantial squareness enhancement from 63.4%to 91.4%,and consequently an excellent maximum energy product of 32.63 MGOe have been achieved in iron-rich Sm-Co-Fe-Cu-Zr magnets via tuning solution process.It is clearly revealed that the grain boundary(GB)phases as well as the micro-twins’density in grain interiors can be controlled and interprets the enhancement mechanism of squareness.

铝硅合金阳极氧化表面黑斑缺陷形成机制研究

研究铝硅合金阳极氧化表面黑斑缺陷的形成机制,可以为铝硅合金阳极氧化工艺的调控提供一定的理论和实践依据。文章采用扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜、能谱分析和X射线衍射等测试技术,分析了铝硅合金工件阳极氧化过程中出现的黑斑缺陷。结果表明:与正常区域组织相比,铝硅合金工件黑斑缺陷区域的组织形貌、相分布和体积分数发生了明显的变化;正常区域组织中的针片状化合物和缺陷区域组织中鱼骨状化合物主要相成分为二元铁铝化合物,黑斑缺陷区域的富铁相发生共晶转变会使其形态复杂化;而由相转变产生的黑斑缺陷与阳极氧化过程中的电化学工艺有关。

铁配合型镁合金缓蚀剂的阴极阻蚀机制

研究阴极缓蚀剂(3-甲基水杨酸盐,3-MeSA)对含铁纯镁腐蚀性能的影响。高铁杂质颗粒成分、腐蚀表面形貌以及3-MeSA分子结构特征为揭示含铁镁合金的腐蚀行为及3-MeSA的阴极型阻蚀机理提供了实验与理论依据。研究结果表明:含铁杂质颗粒中含有固溶态硅,而Fe/Si比可能是导致不同局部腐蚀形态差异的主要原因。虽然3-MeSA能在镁基体上形成吸附层,但其阻蚀机制主要归因于其螯合从富铁颗粒中自腐蚀释放Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)的能力,阻止被还原的铁物质再次沉积至腐蚀金属表面。

山东禹城李屯地区重磁异常特征与找矿预测

近年来,山东禹城取得了富铁矿找矿重大突破,具有良好的找矿潜力,但区内尚有多处局部异常尚未查证。该区新生界厚度大(900~1100 m)、磁铁矿体埋藏深,矿体引起的地球物理异常弱,找矿难度大。为系统总结该区磁铁矿异常特征,为钻孔部署提供依据,重点剖析了禹城李屯地区航空重磁平面异常特征、地面高精度磁测异常特征,总结了矽卡岩型铁矿主要重磁异常找矿标志,主要为化极磁异常、剩余磁异常、垂向导数和总梯度模的异常中心,圈定了叠道村和于庄村2处找矿靶区。通过地震约束下的2.5D重磁剖面反演,推断了矿体赋存位置,指导部署了验证钻孔孔位,经钻探验证在禹城市李屯地区叠道村异常取得重大找矿新突破。研究成果对于该区下一步找矿勘查和其他深覆盖区矽卡岩型富铁矿找矿具有指导作用和借鉴意义。

富铁污泥衍生磁性生物炭对四环素的吸附性能研究

本研究以富铁污泥为原料,在900℃的热解温度下,制备了富铁污泥基生物炭FBC900,用于吸附水体中的四环素(TC)。结果表明,TC初始浓度为30mg·L^(-1)、FBC900投加量为1.0 g·L^(-1)、pH=5时,FBC900对TC的去除率可达到90.0%。采用Langmuir吸附等温线和准二级吸附动力学模型进行拟合,证实了FBC900对TC的吸附为单分子层的化学吸附过程。经过5次再生-吸附循环后,FBC900对TC的吸附率为81.4%,具有良好的重复利用性。本研究为富铁污泥基生物炭在废水抗生素治理中的应用提供了一种新策略。

Segregation Behavior and Evolution Mechanism of Iron-Rich Phases in Molten Magnesium Alloys

A new method has been proposed to prepare Mg-A1-Si master alloys by utilizing scrap AI-Si-Fe alloys with higher Fe levels, which aims to segregate Fe from AI-Si-Fe alloys by Mg melt. The segregation be- haviors, microstructure morphology and evolution mechanism of iron-rich phases in Mg-A1-Si alloy melts were studied, after AI-14Si-4Fe （wt%） alloys were added and dissolved completely. In the Mg-A1-Si alloys, iron has very little solubility and tends to combine with other elements to form intermetallic phases, which grow into a deposition layer due to the higher density. During the cooling and solidifying process of Mg-A1-Si melts, the needle-like AlsSiFe phase in AI-14Si-4Fe alloy evolved into blocky AI5Fe2 and Al0.7Fe3Si0.3 phases. Besides, the Fe levels of the Mg-AI-Si master alloys were reduced to 0.017 wt% from nominal content of 0.164 wt%. Based on the above results, this work carried out a semi-quantitative phase- compositions analysis for the deposition layer by relative intensity ratio （RIR） method, and evolution mechanism of the iron-rich phases had also been discussed. This study has paved a new way to regen- erate the scrap AI-Si-Fe alloys, which has a great significance of promoting the recycling of aluminum resources.