本文采取文献研究方法,从测量工具、调查过程和估计结果3个方面分别梳理了西方国家和中国的相关研究中对于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者(lesbian,gay,bi-sexual and tran-sexual,LGBT)人群的数量估计,发现西方国家在性取向测...本文采取文献研究方法,从测量工具、调查过程和估计结果3个方面分别梳理了西方国家和中国的相关研究中对于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者(lesbian,gay,bi-sexual and tran-sexual,LGBT)人群的数量估计,发现西方国家在性取向测量方面,已经从单一维度逐步发展为多元维度;在抽样方法上,已经从非概率抽样逐步过渡为概率抽样和代表性样本;在调查方法上,已经从纸质问卷+面访的形式逐步发展为计算机辅助调查;在研究人群上,已经从LGB(lesbian,gay and bi-sexual,女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋)逐步发展到LGBT,从只关注男性到同时关注两性。LGBT人群数量的估计结果在不同的国家和不同的研究中仍然存在较大的差异,但具有较好的可比性。相比较而言,中国在测量工具、调查过程和估计结果上仍然存在一定的进步空间。本文分析了中国在LGBT人群数量估计方面面临的挑战,并提出了相应的对策。展开更多
近日．全球领先的人力资源、薪酬、福利管理服务提供商——美国ADP公司宣布因公司文化多样性和包容性而获得来自全美最大同性恋、双性恋以及变性人（LGBT）权利组织Human Rights Campaign的全国嘉奖，被评为LGBT人群最佳工作场所。该组...近日．全球领先的人力资源、薪酬、福利管理服务提供商——美国ADP公司宣布因公司文化多样性和包容性而获得来自全美最大同性恋、双性恋以及变性人（LGBT）权利组织Human Rights Campaign的全国嘉奖，被评为LGBT人群最佳工作场所。该组织在“企业平等指数”一项给ADP打了100分。认为ADP实现了劳动力的多样化，展开更多
Background:Human behaviors are affected by attitudes and beliefs,which in turn are shaped by higher-level values to which we have ascribed.In this study,we explore the relationship between two higher-level values,pres...Background:Human behaviors are affected by attitudes and beliefs,which in turn are shaped by higher-level values to which we have ascribed.In this study,we explore the relationship between two higher-level values,press freedom and LGBT freedom,and HIV infection with national data at the population level.Methods:Data were the number of persons living with HIV(PLWH,n=35,468,911)for 148 countries during 2011-15,press freedom index(PFI)determined by the Reporters Without Borders,and LGBT freedom index(LGBT-FI)based on laws regulating same-sex relationships and expression.PLWH prevalence(1/1000),PFI and LGBT-FI were mapped first.Multiple regression was thus used to associate the logarithm of PLWH prevalence with PFI,LGBT-FI and PFI×LGBT-FI interaction,controlling for per capita GDP and weighted by population size.Results:Global prevalence of PLWH during 2011-15 was 0.51 per 1000 population.The prevalence showed a geographic pattern moving from high at the south and west ends of the world map to low at the north and east.Both PFI and LGBT-FI were positively associated with PLWH prevalence with a negative interaction between the two.Conclusions:More people are infected with HIV in countries with higher press freedom and higher LGBT freedom.Furthermore,press freedom can attenuate the positive association between levels of LGBT freedom and risk of HIV infection.This study demonstrated the urgency for and provided data supporting further research to investigate potential cultural and socioecological mechanisms underpinning the complex relationship among press freedom,LGBT freedom and HIV infection,with data collected at the individual level.展开更多
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender(LGBT)people constitute approximately five percent of the population,but workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity remains troublingly commonplace.Thi...Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender(LGBT)people constitute approximately five percent of the population,but workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity remains troublingly commonplace.This article summarizes a large and growing body of social science research demonstrating the economic benefits of LGBT inclusion(and the costs of LGBT exclusion)in the workplace.It concludes with recommendations for(1)future research,stressing the need for more China-specific studies,which would inform policymaking and theoretical understanding of diversity and inclusion practices on business performance,(2)improving employer LGBT-inclusion policies,and(3)strengthening state protection of the equal employment rights of LGBT people.展开更多
文摘本文采取文献研究方法,从测量工具、调查过程和估计结果3个方面分别梳理了西方国家和中国的相关研究中对于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者(lesbian,gay,bi-sexual and tran-sexual,LGBT)人群的数量估计,发现西方国家在性取向测量方面,已经从单一维度逐步发展为多元维度;在抽样方法上,已经从非概率抽样逐步过渡为概率抽样和代表性样本;在调查方法上,已经从纸质问卷+面访的形式逐步发展为计算机辅助调查;在研究人群上,已经从LGB(lesbian,gay and bi-sexual,女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋)逐步发展到LGBT,从只关注男性到同时关注两性。LGBT人群数量的估计结果在不同的国家和不同的研究中仍然存在较大的差异,但具有较好的可比性。相比较而言,中国在测量工具、调查过程和估计结果上仍然存在一定的进步空间。本文分析了中国在LGBT人群数量估计方面面临的挑战,并提出了相应的对策。
文摘近日．全球领先的人力资源、薪酬、福利管理服务提供商——美国ADP公司宣布因公司文化多样性和包容性而获得来自全美最大同性恋、双性恋以及变性人（LGBT）权利组织Human Rights Campaign的全国嘉奖，被评为LGBT人群最佳工作场所。该组织在“企业平等指数”一项给ADP打了100分。认为ADP实现了劳动力的多样化，
文摘Background:Human behaviors are affected by attitudes and beliefs,which in turn are shaped by higher-level values to which we have ascribed.In this study,we explore the relationship between two higher-level values,press freedom and LGBT freedom,and HIV infection with national data at the population level.Methods:Data were the number of persons living with HIV(PLWH,n=35,468,911)for 148 countries during 2011-15,press freedom index(PFI)determined by the Reporters Without Borders,and LGBT freedom index(LGBT-FI)based on laws regulating same-sex relationships and expression.PLWH prevalence(1/1000),PFI and LGBT-FI were mapped first.Multiple regression was thus used to associate the logarithm of PLWH prevalence with PFI,LGBT-FI and PFI×LGBT-FI interaction,controlling for per capita GDP and weighted by population size.Results:Global prevalence of PLWH during 2011-15 was 0.51 per 1000 population.The prevalence showed a geographic pattern moving from high at the south and west ends of the world map to low at the north and east.Both PFI and LGBT-FI were positively associated with PLWH prevalence with a negative interaction between the two.Conclusions:More people are infected with HIV in countries with higher press freedom and higher LGBT freedom.Furthermore,press freedom can attenuate the positive association between levels of LGBT freedom and risk of HIV infection.This study demonstrated the urgency for and provided data supporting further research to investigate potential cultural and socioecological mechanisms underpinning the complex relationship among press freedom,LGBT freedom and HIV infection,with data collected at the individual level.
文摘Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender(LGBT)people constitute approximately five percent of the population,but workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity remains troublingly commonplace.This article summarizes a large and growing body of social science research demonstrating the economic benefits of LGBT inclusion(and the costs of LGBT exclusion)in the workplace.It concludes with recommendations for(1)future research,stressing the need for more China-specific studies,which would inform policymaking and theoretical understanding of diversity and inclusion practices on business performance,(2)improving employer LGBT-inclusion policies,and(3)strengthening state protection of the equal employment rights of LGBT people.
