Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Detected with Cervical Liquid-Based Cytology: Old Concerns or New Facilities?

Background: The detection of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) in cervical samples is not a common finding. Therefore, we aimed to report VAINs detected in liquid-based cytology (LBC) from women examined at Hospital das Clínicas of Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo State University. Materials and Methods: We evaluated LBC samples from women referred to gynecology examination for different reasons (previous abnormal PapTest, follow up of treated cervical lesion, ecc) and women examined for regular screening proposals, and compared with biopsy diagnoses, including the controversial diagnoses of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). Results: From 1866 patients, 1423 (76.3%) cases were negative and 443 (23.7%) were positive for any cellular alteration. Age of patients ranged from 12 to 86 years. We detected 25 histologically confirmed VAIN (1.3% p = 0.0002 by Fisher’s exact test IC 95% 0.0090 - 0.0198) and 1.1% VAIN (p = 0.0031 by Fisher’s exact test IC 95% 0.0077 - 0.0179). Conclusion: The identification of VAIN in routine is feasible;the professionals involved with cytological examination should be aware of these lesions in Pap test samples.

Study on the Correlation between Human Papillomavirus and Mycoplasma genitalium Combined with TCT Detection

Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (CT) combined with TCT detection in cervical cancer screening. Method: A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and a total of 609 women who came to seek medical treatment were recruited as the study subjects. Combination testing was evaluated on cervical cancer screening by testing the women for HPV, CT with TCT detection and analyzing the relationship of cervical lesions with HPV and CT infection. Results: The study results showed that 21.57% of the subjects were infected with both HPV and CT, and 48.42% of the cases had abnormal TCT results at the same time. Further data analysis showed that HPV infection was significantly associated with abnormal TCT outcomes (p < 0.05), suggesting a possible synergistic effect of the two infections in cervical lesions. The combined sensitivity and specificity of HPV, CT and TCT detection were 21.57% and 48.42%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of single detection. Conclusion: In summary, the results of this study support the importance of combined HPV, CT, and TCT testing in cervical cancer screening, and propose the hypothesis that combined testing may improve screening effectiveness. However, further large sample studies are needed to confirm this conclusion and explore the prospects of combined testing in clinical practice.

Diagnostic value of liquid-based cytology and smear cytology in pancreatic endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Smear cytology(SC)using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)is the established and traditional choice for diagnosing pancreatic lesions.Liquid-based cytology(LBC)is a novel alternative cytological method,however,the comparative diagnostic efficacy of LBC remains inconclusive.AIM To examine the diagnostic efficacy of LBC and SC for pancreatic specimens obtained through EUS-FNA via a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library,and Web of Science.The numbers of true positives,false positives,true negatives,and false negatives for each cytological test(LBC and CS)were extracted from the included studies.The pooled sensitivity and specificity and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)were calculated,and the AUC was compared by Tukey's multiple comparisons test.The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies II tool.RESULTS A total of 1656 patients in eight studies were included.The pooled sensitivity and specificity and the AUC for LBC were 0.76(95%CI:0.72-0.79),1.00(95%CI:0.98-1.00),and 0.9174,respectively,for diagnosing pancreatic lesions.The pooled estimates for SC were as follows:Sensitivity,0.68(95%CI:0.64-0.71);specificity,0.99(95%CI:0.96-100.00);and AUC,0.9714.Similarly,the corresponding values for LBC combined with SC were 0.87(95%CI:0.84-0.90),0.99(95%CI:0.96-1.00),and 0.9894.Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was used to compare the sensitivities and AUCs of the three diagnostic methods;statistically significant differences were found between the three methods,and LBC combined with SC was superior to both LBC(P<0.05)and SC(P<0.05).The pooled sensitivity and AUC did not change significantly in the sensitivity analysis.CONCLUSION LBC may be sensitive than SC in the cytological diagnosis of pancreatic lesions,however,the superior diagnostic performance of their combination emphasizes their integrated usage in the clinical evaluation of pancreatic lesions.

Comparison of smear cytology with liquid-based cytology in pancreatic lesions: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)is a safe and accurate technique to confirm the diagnosis of pancreatic cancers.Recently,numerous studies comparing the diagnostic efficacy of smear cytology(SC)and liquid-based cytology(LBC)for pancreatic lesions yielded mixed results.AIM To compare and identify the better cytology method for EUS-FNA in pancreatic lesions.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane was undertaken through July 18,2020.The primary endpoint was diagnostic accuracy(sensitivity and specificity).Secondary outcomes included sample adequacy and post procedure complications.In addition,factors affecting diagnostic efficacy were discussed.RESULTS Data on a total of 1121 comparisons from 10 studies met the inclusion criteria.Pooled rates of sensitivity for SC and LBC were 78%(67%-87%)vs 75%(67%-81%),respectively.In any case,both SC and LBC exhibited a high specificity close to 100%.Inadequate samples more often appeared in LBC compared with SC.However,the LBC samples exhibited a better visual field than SC.Very few post procedure complications were observed.CONCLUSION Our data suggested that for EUS-FNA in pancreatic lesions(particularly solid lesions),SC with Rapid On-Site Evaluation represents a superior diagnostic technique.If Rapid On-Site Evaluation is unavailable,LBC may replace smears.The diagnostic accuracy of LBC depends on different LBC techniques.

Comparative Study of Cell Findings by Conventional Smear and Liquid-Based Cytology for Oral Exfoliative Cytology

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a method of manufacturing cyto-diagnostic specimens. Improved accuracy is expected from standardizing specimen production and use of this method is rapidly spreading in oral cytology. On the other hand, LBC reportedly requires training to show peculiar cell findings compared to those of conventional smear cytology (CVC). Few studies have compared detailed cell findings for oral CVC and LBC. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare cytological findings between CVC and LBC using cytomorphological image analysis. Materials and Methods: Cytological specimens were collected from 20 patients (negative for squamous neoplasia in 10, dysplasia in 5, squamous cell carcinoma in 5) and 5 controls of the tongue between January 2017 and December 2018. Two different preparation techniques were investigated cytomorphologically for CVC and LBC (BD CytorichTM). Results: LBC showed significantly higher cell numbers than CVC for all lesions. LBC-to-CVC ratio ranged from 9.52 (hyperkeratosis) to 1.87 (deep cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)). Nuclear area of normal, hyperkeratosis, and inflammation were significantly higher in LBC than those of CVC. Hyperchromasia was significantly more frequent with CVC than with LBC for hyperkeratosis, inflammation, dysplasia and OSCC. There was no significant difference in circularity between CVC and LBC among all lesions. Conclusion: Only one cytomorphological disadvantage was seen with LBC, in the form of decreased hyperchromasia. Further clarification of the advantages and disadvantages of LBC is needed, including management of precision and screening practices.

Research of cervical cytology screening in diagnosis of 370,000 cases with cervical lesion in Guangdong

Objective： Analysis of the results of 37 million cases by using cervical liquid-based cytology screening, discussion the situation of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in Guangdong province. Methods： From 2002 to 2006, using liquid-based thin-layer cytology （TCT） method screening cervical lesions within 371,929 women in Guangdong. Cytological diagnosis adopt TBS （the Bethesda system） Standard （TBS improved 2001 version of the diagnostic criteria）, statistic positive rate by age and region respectively. Results： 371,929 cases of gynecology cervical samples in Guangdong, 331,251 cases were negative, accounted for 91.23%; cytology positive cases： 32,548 cases were squamous intraepithelial lesions （8.96%）, 486 cases were glandular epithelial lesions （0.13%）; grouped according to age： 30 to 40-year-old positive rate was 9.13%, 40 to 50-year-old positive rate was 9.60%, the latter had higher cytology positive rate; grouped according to region： the total samples in PRD areas were 304.951 cases, accounted for 81.99%, in which 24301 cases were positive （8.14%）, in 66978 cases （18.01%） of NON-PRD regions, 7645 cases were positive （11.87%）, there were 1858 cases had biopsy/follow-up results from 2004 to 2005, and the rate was 2.88%. Conclusion： The cytological positive rate of cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions was 9.09% in Guangdong （of which the rate of cytological diagnosis as precancerous lesions was 3.40%）, 30 to 50 age group had the high incidence of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions, and also the main stage of prevention for cervical cancer. Cytology positive rate was 11.87% in economic underdevelopment Non-Pearl River Delta regions, much higher than the Pearl River Delta region.

2021年广东省35~64岁妇女宫颈癌筛查现状分析

目的了解2021年广东省户籍35~64岁适龄妇女宫颈癌筛查现状,为进一步优化筛查策略提供依据。方法数据来源于2021年广东省21个地市的宫颈癌筛查情况报表,按照珠三角、粤东、粤西和粤北四个地区以及城市和农村分别进行分析,利用χ^(2)检验进行率的差异的比较。结果2021年广东省宫颈癌筛查率为64.30%,珠三角地区的宫颈癌筛查率(73.52%)高于粤东(45.60%)、粤西(50.14%)及粤北(67.15%)地区,城市地区(66.75%)高于农村地区(53.58%)。宫颈细胞学检查异常检出率、HPV检出率、联合筛查异常检出率以及阴道镜检查异常检出率在四个地区及城市农村地区间的差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为5565.21、991.17、855.06以及2742.64,P<0.001)。广东省的宫颈癌及癌前病变检出率为478.14/10万,早诊率为90.84%,治疗率为72.86%。结论广东省适龄妇女宫颈癌筛查工作整体上取得了一定成效,但不同地区筛查效果不一,经济发达地区的筛查效果更好。因此未来需优化卫生资源配置,进一步加强欠发达地区适龄妇女的宫颈癌筛查工作,更好地促进妇女健康。

脱落细胞学与肿瘤标志物检测在恶性胸腔积液诊断中的价值

目的研究脱落细胞学与肿瘤标志物检测在诊断恶性胸腔积液中的价值。方法回顾性分析2021年12月至2023年3月滨州医学院附属医院收治的32例恶性胸腔积液患者及45例良性胸腔积液患者的临床资料,均进行脱落细胞学检查,检测并比较两组患者胸腔积液中癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)表达水平;分析各指标单项检测及与脱落细胞学联合检测的诊断效能评价。结果脱落细胞检查阳性率为65.6%。CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1水平在恶性胸腔积液组高于良性胸腔积液组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脱落细胞形态学检查联合CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1诊断恶性胸腔积液的灵敏度为90.6%,准确度为83.1%,高于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1单项检测结果,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。漏诊率为9.3%,低于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1单项检测结果,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合检测特异度、误诊率与CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1单项检测结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脱落细胞学检查是鉴别恶性胸腔积液的有效方法,细胞形态学与胸腔积液肿瘤标志物联合检测可显著提高鉴别诊断恶性胸腔积液的灵敏度和准确度,减少漏诊率。

HPV检测联合液基薄层细胞学检测宫颈癌的诊断价值分析

目的 研究液基薄层细胞学(Thinprep-Cytologic Test, TCT)检测联合人乳头瘤病者(Human Papillomavirus, HPV)检测对宫颈癌的诊断价值。方法 选取2022年1月—2023年10月淄博市妇幼保健院新院区检验科的100例疑似宫颈癌前病变患者为研究对象,均实施HPV检测、TCT以及联合检测,以阴道镜下取宫颈活检病理诊断结果为金标准,分析上述单一及联合检测的阳性率以及诊断价值。结果 100例受检者中,HPV检查阳性检出率为20.00%,TCT阳性检出率为27.00%,TCT+HPV阳性检出率为35.00%;TCT+HPV的准确度(96.00%)、灵敏度(91.89%)高于TCT和HPV,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.000、15.457、7.974、18.231,P均<0.05)。结论 TCT+HPV具有较高的特异度、灵敏度及准确度,在宫颈癌诊断中具有积极意义。

BRAF^(V600E)基因检测对TBSRTCⅠ类、Ⅱ类甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值探讨

目的探讨BRAFV600E基因检测对TBSRTCⅠ类、Ⅱ类甲状腺结节良恶性的辅助诊断价值。方法回顾性收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院2021年8月~2024年6月超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查(FNAC)结果为TBSRTCⅠ类和Ⅱ类甲状腺结节同时具有BRAF^(V600E)基因检测结果的病例,其中Ⅰ类176例,182个结节;Ⅱ类492例,503个结节。以有手术组织病理结果做“金标准”的结节为研究对象,包括Ⅰ类26个,Ⅱ类37个,分析BRAF^(V600E)基因检测对TBSRTCⅠ类、Ⅱ类结节良恶性鉴别的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确性。结果26个TBSRTCⅠ类结节中有22个为甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC),4个为良性病变;37个Ⅱ类结节中有18个为PTC,19个为良性病变。BRAF^(V600E)基因检测对TBSRTCⅠ类、Ⅱ类结节良恶性鉴别的灵敏度分别为100%(22/22)、83.3%(15/18),特异度分别为100%(4/4)、94.7%(18/19),阳性预测值分别为100%(22/22)、93.7%(15/16),阴性预测值分别为100%(4/4)、85.7%(18/21),准确性分别为100%(26/26)、89.2%(33/37)。重复穿刺的3个甲状腺结节FNAC结果一致率为0%(0/3),BRAF^(V600E)基因检测结果一致率为100%(1/1)。结论BRAF^(V600E)基因检测对于TBSRTCⅠ类、Ⅱ类甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别是有效的辅助诊断手段,除对TBSRTCⅢ~Ⅴ类结节进行BRAF^(V600E)基因检测之外,TBSRTCⅠ类及Ⅱ类结节也建议纳入常规BRAF^(V600E)基因检测以减少患者重复穿刺的必要及降低对PTC的漏诊率。

Effectiveness of Co-Testing in Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Macao SAR

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern in Macao SAR despite the implementation of a cervical cancer screening program and HPV vaccination. To improve early detection, Macao SAR introduced HPV DNA testing alongside cytology (co-testing) as the primary screening method in 2019. This study evaluates the effectiveness of co-testing in identifying cervical precancerous lesions (CIN2+) compared to cytology alone. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of women aged 30 - 65 years who participated in the routine cervical cancer screening program in Macao SAR Primary Healthcare Centers from 2019 to 2022. Data from over 70,000 women were analyzed, comparing the detection rates of CIN2+ through co-testing and cytology alone. Women with abnormal cytology or positive HPV results were referred for colposcopy. Results: The introduction of co-testing led to a significant increase in the detection of CIN2+, particularly in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) cytology results. Between 2019 and 2022, the percentage of women with ASCUS/NILM and any high-risk HPV (hrHPV) positive who were diagnosed with CIN2+ after colposcopy were 24%, 13%, 10% and 7.5% respectively. This highlights the ability of co-testing to identify high-risk individuals who would have been missed by cytology alone. Discussion: Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of co-testing in improving the sensitivity of cervical cancer screening in Macao SAR. The inclusion of HPV DNA testing allows for better risk stratification of women with ASCUS/NILM cytology, leading to more targeted referrals for colposcopy and timely detection of precancerous lesions. The initial high positive rate in 2019 (24%) might be attributed to the small sample size and potentially reflects a backlog of undiagnosed cases prior to co-testing implementation. Conclusion: The implementation of co-testing in Macao SAR’s cervical cancer screening program significantly improves the early detection of precancerous lesions, particularly in women with ambiguous cytology results. This proactive approach contributes to reducing cervical cancer morbidity and mortality and improving women’s health outcomes in Macao SAR.

宫颈液基细胞学检查和人乳头瘤病毒检测与宫颈活检组织病理学诊断的关系

目的分析宫颈液基细胞学检查(TCT)、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测与宫颈活检组织病理学诊断的关系。方法选取2020年1月—2023年6月本院收治的100例宫颈病变患者为研究对象,所有患者均行TCT检查、HPV检测及宫颈活检组织病理学检查,以病理学检查为金标准,评价TCT检查、HPV检测、TCT检查联合HPV检测的诊断价值。结果100例患者经宫颈活检组织病理学检查确诊为宫颈炎症30例、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ20例、CINⅡ18例、CINⅢ14例、宫颈癌18例;TCT检查结果为非典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASC-US)37例、低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)23例、高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)22例、宫颈癌18例;HPV检测结果为阴性40例,阳性60例;TCT检查联合HPV检测结果为阴性31例,阳性69例。TCT检查联合HPV检测的敏感性、特异性与准确性明显高于单独进行TCT检查和HPV检测(P<0.05)。结论TCT检查联合HPV检测能够提高临床诊断的准确率,可在宫颈病变筛查中推广使用。

超声引导下FNAC联合BRAFV600e基因检测对甲状腺癌预后的价值研究

目的探究超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学(FNAC)联合BRAFV600e基因检测在甲状腺癌预后评估中的临床价值。方法选择2020年8月至2022年12月于长江大学附属荆州医院被确诊为甲状腺癌并接受甲状腺癌根治术的121例可疑淋巴结转移患者为研究对象,所有患者术前均接受超声引导下FNAC检测以及BRAFV600e基因检测,以患者术后病理检测结果为金标准,分别计算超声引导下FNAC检测以及BRAFV600e基因检测对甲状腺癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值。结果以病理结果为金标准,超声引导下FNAC对甲状腺癌淋巴结转移的诊断一致性为71.07%(86/121)、诊断敏感度为73.53%(75/102)、诊断特异度为57.89%(11/19);BRAFV600e基因检测对甲状腺癌淋巴结转移的诊断一致性为83.47%(101/121)、诊断敏感度为87.25%(89/102)、诊断特异度为63.16%(12/19);超声引导下FNAC联合BRAFV600e基因检测对甲状腺癌淋巴结转移的诊断一致性为97.52%(118/121)、诊断敏感度为98.04%(100/102)、诊断特异度为94.74%(18/19)。联合检测的诊断一致性、敏感度和特异度均明显高于任一单独检测方式,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下FNAC联合BRAFV600e基因检测对甲状腺癌出现淋巴结转移具有较好的诊断效能,较任一单独检测效能更优,建议将其应用于甲状腺癌患者是否出现淋巴结转移的鉴别中。

宫颈HPVE6/E7检测联合计算机辅助诊断TCT及阴道炎检测在宫颈细胞学筛查中的应用价值

目的 分析宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)E6/E7检测联合计算机辅助诊断宫颈液基细胞学(TCT)及阴道炎检测在宫颈细胞学筛查中的应用价值。方法 采用宫颈HPVE6/E7检测、计算机辅助诊断TCT、阴道炎检测法和阴道炎+TCT+HPVE6/E7检测对2023年2~8月在北京市昌平区中西医结合医院检查的1 586例女性进行宫颈癌筛查,发现181例疑似高级别鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)病例,对疑似“HSIL”追加病理检查,并以病理检查作为金标准,分析上述筛查4种方法对HSIL的检出率及病理检查结果的一致性,并计算4种筛查方法对HSIL诊断的灵敏度和特异度。结果 181例疑似HSIL患者经病理检查发现共86例HSIL患者。阴道炎检测对HSIL的检出率为16.57%,Kappa值为0.488。计算机辅助诊断TCT检测对HSIL的检出率为24.86%,Kappa值为0.554。宫颈HPVE6/E7检测对HSIL的检出率为19.34%,Kappa值为0.512。阴道炎+TCT+HPVE6/E7检测对HSIL的检出率为38.67%,Kappa值为0.742。阴道炎+TCT+HPVE6/E7检测的AUC值>0.85,预测价值较高,灵敏度、特异度分别为81.40%、84.21%;阴道炎检测、TCT检测、HPVE6/E7检测的AUC值均>0.70,预测价值一般,各检测方法灵敏度、特异度分别为34.88%、52.63%,52.33%、61.05%,40.70%、64.21%。结论 宫颈HPVE6/E7、计算机辅助诊断TCT及阴道炎检测联合筛查可在一定程度上提升宫颈病变的检出率,对宫颈病变诊断具有明显指导意义。

宫颈脱落细胞特殊染色技术在宫颈病变筛查中的应用价值

目的:探讨宫颈脱落细胞特殊染色技术在宫颈病变筛查中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2022年8月-2023年5月在山东第二医科大学附属医院及潍坊市人民医院进行宫颈病变筛查的女性共2000例,所有对象均进行宫颈脱落细胞特殊染色技术(FRD)检测、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)和液基薄层细胞(TCT)检测。3种筛查方法任一结果阳性病例行阴道镜检查,阴道镜下有病变者行宫颈活检。以宫颈组织病理结果为金标准,比较FRD、TCT、HPV、HPV+TCT组的检测效能及受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)。结果:FRD检测灵敏度为83.8%、特异度为90.0%,Kappa值为0.618,AUC为0.869;TCT检测的灵敏度为65.1%、特异度为89.5%,Kappa值为0.485,AUC为0.773;HPV检测的灵敏度为94.6%、特异度为71.7%,Kappa值为0.387,AUC为0.832;HPV+TCT联合检测的灵敏度为98.9%、特异度为70.2%,Kappa值为0.391,AUC为0.846。结论:宫颈脱落细胞特殊染色试验用于宫颈病变筛查有较好的效果,可用于基层宫颈病变筛查。

膜式液基薄层细胞学检测在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值

目的:分析膜式液基薄层细胞学检测在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年1月—2024年4月清远市清新区人民医院收治的疑似宫颈癌患者97例作为研究样本,均接受膜式液基薄层细胞学检测与阴道镜检查,统计诊断结果,以阴道镜检查诊断结果为“金标准”,分析膜式液基薄层细胞学检测诊断宫颈癌的效能。结果:阴道镜检查结果显示,97例受检者中,确诊宫颈癌5例。膜式液基薄层细胞学检测诊断宫颈癌的准确度、灵敏度、特异度分别为93.81%(91/97)、20.00%(1/5)、97.83%(90/92)。结论:膜式液基细胞学检查在宫颈癌早期筛查及诊断中具有重要指导意义。

叶酸受体介导的宫颈特殊染色联合人乳头瘤病毒快速检测筛查宫颈病变的临床效果分析

目的研究叶酸受体介导的宫颈特殊染色(FRD)联合人乳头瘤病毒快速检测(Care HPV)筛查宫颈病变的临床效果。方法本研究方法为回顾性分析,观察对象为2018年1月至2022年12月南京医科大学附属逸夫医院收治入院的90例宫颈病变患者,参考筛查方式分为研究组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。研究组行FRD联合Care HPV筛查,对照组行薄层液基细胞学检查(TCT)联合Aptima HPV筛查。比较两组患者的检测效果、症状自评效果[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生活质量量表(SF-36)]、社会经济效果及并发症(人工流产综合征、感染、出血)发生情况。结果两组患者的宫颈病变阳性检出率、阴性预测值、阳性预测值、特异度、敏感度、漏诊率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者的SCL-90、SF-36评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者的SAS、SDS评分分别为(53.16±6.92)、(52.26±6.74)分,均明显低于对照组[(56.19±6.75)、(55.18±6.63)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的检测时间为(6.19±1.32)min,明显长于对照组[(2.52±0.89)min],报告时间为(25.00±3.00)h,明显短于对照组[(71.00±11.00)h],检测费用为(59.00±20.00)元,明显低于对照组[(561.00±98.00)元],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者人工流产综合征发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者的感染、出血发生率分别为0、8.89%,均明显低于对照组(8.89%、28.89%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论FRD联合Care HPV筛查与TCT联合Aptima HPV筛查宫颈病变均具有显著效果,但FRD联合Care HPV筛查方案相较于TCT联合Aptima HPV筛查方案的报告时间更短,检测费用更少,患者症状自评效果更佳,并发症更少。

DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测和液基细胞学在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值

目的探究DNA倍体定量分析、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测和液基细胞学(TCT)在筛查宫颈癌中的应用价值。方法选取120例宫颈癌筛查患者,予DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测、TCT检测,以病理学检测为诊断金标准,计算并分析各检测方式的诊断效能。结果DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测、TCT检测阳性率分别为68.33%、71.67%、72.50%,联合检测阳性率为70.83%。联合检测敏感度、诊断符合率高于DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测、TCT检测(P<0.05)。联合检测诊断效能高于DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测、TCT检测(P<0.05)。结论DNA倍体定量分析、HPV检测和TCT检测均能有效筛查宫颈癌,但联合检测诊断效能更高,可实现宫颈癌早发现早治疗,降低宫颈癌发病率和病死率,值得临床推广与应用。

2种方式联合检测在甲状腺微小乳头状癌术前诊断中的价值

目的探讨超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学(ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology,US-FNAB)检查联合BRAF V600E基因突变检测在美国放射学会甲状腺超声影像数据报告系统(the thyroid imaging reporting and data system,TI-RADS)4类甲状腺微小乳头状癌(papillary thyroid microcarcinoma,PTMC)术前诊断中的价值。方法以术后病理确诊PTMC为“金标准”,选取2021年1月—2023年6月佛山复星禅诚医院因甲状腺结节评分为TI-RADS 4类行超声引导下甲状腺穿刺的患者51例,按照入院不同时间将标本分为US-FNAB检查组(2021年1—10月)、BRAF V600E基因突变检测组(2021年11月—2022年8月)、联合检测组(2022年9月—2023年6月),各17例。US-FNAB组检查采用US-FNAB检查;BRAF V600E基因突变检测组采用BRAF V600E基因突变检测;联合检测组采用US-FNAB+BRAF V600E基因突变检测。比较3组诊断效能,筛选出TI-RADS 4类PTMC术前诊断最优的检测方法。结果以术后病理确诊为PTMC为“金标准”,US-FNAB检查组检出PTMC阳性6例,阴性11例;BRAF V600E基因突变检测组检出PTMC阳性7例,阴性10例;联合检测组检出PTMC阳性15例,阴性2例。联合检测组诊断TI-RADS 4类PTMC的敏感度、准确率(92.86%、82.35%)高于US-FNAB检查组(35.71%、41.18%)、BRAF V600E基因突变检测组(42.86%、47.06%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合检测组诊断的特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值与US-FNAB检查组、BRAF V600E基因突变检测组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论US-FNAB检查联合BRAF V600E基因突变检测用于TI-RADS 4类PTMC患者术前诊断中,其敏感性、准确性高,可提高诊断效能,降低漏诊率。

液基薄层细胞学检查联合人乳头状瘤病毒、P16蛋白免疫组化染色检测在宫颈癌筛查中的价值

目的分析液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT)联合人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)、P16蛋白免疫组化染色检测在宫颈癌筛查中的价值。方法选取2021年7月至2023年5月于京山市人民医院接受宫颈癌筛查的180例女性,进行TCT、HPV、P16蛋白检测,以病理结果为金标准,分析不同检测方法的诊断效能。结果病理结果显示,180例中,阳性50例,阴性130例;TCT+HPV+P16检测的灵敏度、阳性预测值高于TCT+HPV检测、P16检测(P<0.05)。结论TCT联合HPV、P16蛋白检测在宫颈癌筛查中的价值较高,能提升灵敏度、阳性预测值。