Objective:To determine the amount of azinphos methyl and diazinon residues in two river fishes,Liza aurata and Cyprinus carpio,in the north of Iran.Methods:This study was done during2006-2007.In this survey,152 water ...Objective:To determine the amount of azinphos methyl and diazinon residues in two river fishes,Liza aurata and Cyprinus carpio,in the north of Iran.Methods:This study was done during2006-2007.In this survey,152 water and fish samples from Gorgan and Qarasu rivers,north of Iran,were investigated.Sampling was done in three predetermined stations along each river.Organophosphorus compounds(OPs)were extracted from the fishes and the water of rivers.After extraction,purification and concentration processes,the amount and type of insecticides in water and fish samples were determined by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC).Results:There was a significant difference in the residue of the insecticides in the water and fish samples between summer and other seasons in the two rivers.The highest amount of insecticides residue was seen during summer.In both rivers,the amount of diazinon and azinphos methyl residues in the two fishes was more than 2000 mg/L in summer.There was no significant difference in insecticides residue between the fishes in two rivers.The diazinon residue was higher than the standard limits in both rivers during the spring and the summer,but the residual amount of azinphos methyl was higher than the standard limits only during the summer and only in Qarasu River.Conclusions:It can be concluded that the amount of OPs in the water and the two fishes,Liza aurata and Cyprinus carpio,is higher than the permitted levels.展开更多
Experiment on phosphorus budget of redeye mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.) was con- ducted at water temperature 21℃ and salinity 33. The results showed that the growth phosphorus (phosphorus that allocated int...Experiment on phosphorus budget of redeye mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.) was con- ducted at water temperature 21℃ and salinity 33. The results showed that the growth phosphorus (phosphorus that allocated into growth, GP) increased from –30.84% to 15.83% by feeding on graded amount of diets (starvation, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% body weight and satiation). The GP linearly increased with feeding levels (FL) as GP (mg) =–0.785 + 0.604 FL, and at satiation the relationship between GP and body weight (BW) was GP (mg) = 1.5991 BW 0.768 5. In the budget, IP (intake phosphorus) = GP + FP (faecal phosphorus) + EP (excretion phosphorus). FP showed an irregular tendency with different feeding levels, and EP decreased with increasing feeding levels but rebound at satiation. The P budget at satiation was 100IP = 15.84 GP + 64.62 FP + 19.55 EP.展开更多
A 21-d laboratory experiment was conducted to study, the phosphorus (P) utilization of two different diets by redlip mullet Liza haematocheila T. & S. Sand-filtered water in salinity 30 and temperatare 25℃ was use...A 21-d laboratory experiment was conducted to study, the phosphorus (P) utilization of two different diets by redlip mullet Liza haematocheila T. & S. Sand-filtered water in salinity 30 and temperatare 25℃ was used. Twenty-nine fish individuals were divided into three groups: 11 to group 1 (G1) fed on diet 1, 11 to group 2 (G2) fed on diet 2, and 7 to contrast group. Diet 1 was a commercial feed, more valuable in nutrition than diet 2 that similar to natural detritus. The results show the intake phosphorus (IP) of G1 was significantly higher than that of G2, and both increased linearly with body size at a certain amount of diet. The retention phosphorus (RP) in fish of G1 was lower than G2. The relationship between retention phosphorus and body size was positive and stronger in G2. Significant difference in faecal phosphorus (FP) was found between G1 and G2. Body size significantly impacted the excretion phosphorus (EP) in G1 but G2. The loss of intake phosphorus in G1 was 10.83-20.27 mg per g fish weight gain, higher than that in G2 for 6.63-9.56. Of the phosphorus, about 10% was allocated into growth, 50% in faeces, and the rest lost in excretion. The main part of phosphorus was lost in faeces but excretion. The phosphorus budget of the fish could be described as 100IP = 7.40RP + 47.39FP + 36.63EP (Diet 1) or 100IP = 11.93RP + 56.64FP + 21.76EP (Diet 2).展开更多
Objective:To determine the concentration of heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Fe,Ni,Pb and Zn)in the liver,gills and muscle of Liza aurata(L.aurata)collected from the Kerkennah Islands.The target hazard quotient was also used as an ...Objective:To determine the concentration of heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Fe,Ni,Pb and Zn)in the liver,gills and muscle of Liza aurata(L.aurata)collected from the Kerkennah Islands.The target hazard quotient was also used as an indicator of human health risks associated with fish consumption.Methods:The sample was collected from Kerkennah Islands(Gulf of Gabes,Tunisia).Heavy metals in L.aurata tissues(gills,liver and muscle)were analysed with an atomic absorption spectrometer(PerkinElmer).Results:As expected,muscle always possessed the lowest concentrations of all metals.The maximum concentrations of Cd(0.52 mg/kg wet weight),Cu(5.43 mg/kg wet weight),Fe(115.27mg/kg wet weight)and Zn(112.20 mg/kg wet weight)were measured in the liver,while the highest Ni(1.54 mg/kg wet weight)and Pb(1.43 mg/kg wet weight)were recorded in gills.The target hazard quotient through consumption of fish and calculated by adding the inividual target hazard quotient was below 1,indicating that there was no significant potential health risk associated with consumption of L.aurata.Conclusions:L.aurata from the Kerkennah Islands may be suitable for human consumption.展开更多
基金supported by the Faculty of Public Health,Tehran University of Medical Sciences(grant No.TUMS/HF/2009/8811)
文摘Objective:To determine the amount of azinphos methyl and diazinon residues in two river fishes,Liza aurata and Cyprinus carpio,in the north of Iran.Methods:This study was done during2006-2007.In this survey,152 water and fish samples from Gorgan and Qarasu rivers,north of Iran,were investigated.Sampling was done in three predetermined stations along each river.Organophosphorus compounds(OPs)were extracted from the fishes and the water of rivers.After extraction,purification and concentration processes,the amount and type of insecticides in water and fish samples were determined by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC).Results:There was a significant difference in the residue of the insecticides in the water and fish samples between summer and other seasons in the two rivers.The highest amount of insecticides residue was seen during summer.In both rivers,the amount of diazinon and azinphos methyl residues in the two fishes was more than 2000 mg/L in summer.There was no significant difference in insecticides residue between the fishes in two rivers.The diazinon residue was higher than the standard limits in both rivers during the spring and the summer,but the residual amount of azinphos methyl was higher than the standard limits only during the summer and only in Qarasu River.Conclusions:It can be concluded that the amount of OPs in the water and the two fishes,Liza aurata and Cyprinus carpio,is higher than the permitted levels.
基金Supported by NSFC (No.40206001), and the Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China (No.200404).
文摘Experiment on phosphorus budget of redeye mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.) was con- ducted at water temperature 21℃ and salinity 33. The results showed that the growth phosphorus (phosphorus that allocated into growth, GP) increased from –30.84% to 15.83% by feeding on graded amount of diets (starvation, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% body weight and satiation). The GP linearly increased with feeding levels (FL) as GP (mg) =–0.785 + 0.604 FL, and at satiation the relationship between GP and body weight (BW) was GP (mg) = 1.5991 BW 0.768 5. In the budget, IP (intake phosphorus) = GP + FP (faecal phosphorus) + EP (excretion phosphorus). FP showed an irregular tendency with different feeding levels, and EP decreased with increasing feeding levels but rebound at satiation. The P budget at satiation was 100IP = 15.84 GP + 64.62 FP + 19.55 EP.
基金the NNSF of China (No.40206001)the Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China (No.200404)
文摘A 21-d laboratory experiment was conducted to study, the phosphorus (P) utilization of two different diets by redlip mullet Liza haematocheila T. & S. Sand-filtered water in salinity 30 and temperatare 25℃ was used. Twenty-nine fish individuals were divided into three groups: 11 to group 1 (G1) fed on diet 1, 11 to group 2 (G2) fed on diet 2, and 7 to contrast group. Diet 1 was a commercial feed, more valuable in nutrition than diet 2 that similar to natural detritus. The results show the intake phosphorus (IP) of G1 was significantly higher than that of G2, and both increased linearly with body size at a certain amount of diet. The retention phosphorus (RP) in fish of G1 was lower than G2. The relationship between retention phosphorus and body size was positive and stronger in G2. Significant difference in faecal phosphorus (FP) was found between G1 and G2. Body size significantly impacted the excretion phosphorus (EP) in G1 but G2. The loss of intake phosphorus in G1 was 10.83-20.27 mg per g fish weight gain, higher than that in G2 for 6.63-9.56. Of the phosphorus, about 10% was allocated into growth, 50% in faeces, and the rest lost in excretion. The main part of phosphorus was lost in faeces but excretion. The phosphorus budget of the fish could be described as 100IP = 7.40RP + 47.39FP + 36.63EP (Diet 1) or 100IP = 11.93RP + 56.64FP + 21.76EP (Diet 2).
文摘Objective:To determine the concentration of heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Fe,Ni,Pb and Zn)in the liver,gills and muscle of Liza aurata(L.aurata)collected from the Kerkennah Islands.The target hazard quotient was also used as an indicator of human health risks associated with fish consumption.Methods:The sample was collected from Kerkennah Islands(Gulf of Gabes,Tunisia).Heavy metals in L.aurata tissues(gills,liver and muscle)were analysed with an atomic absorption spectrometer(PerkinElmer).Results:As expected,muscle always possessed the lowest concentrations of all metals.The maximum concentrations of Cd(0.52 mg/kg wet weight),Cu(5.43 mg/kg wet weight),Fe(115.27mg/kg wet weight)and Zn(112.20 mg/kg wet weight)were measured in the liver,while the highest Ni(1.54 mg/kg wet weight)and Pb(1.43 mg/kg wet weight)were recorded in gills.The target hazard quotient through consumption of fish and calculated by adding the inividual target hazard quotient was below 1,indicating that there was no significant potential health risk associated with consumption of L.aurata.Conclusions:L.aurata from the Kerkennah Islands may be suitable for human consumption.