Smallholder farmers in Namutumba district draw on a combination of adaptation strategies to respond to effects of climate variability. However, there is limited scholarly evidence and explanation that has been conduct...Smallholder farmers in Namutumba district draw on a combination of adaptation strategies to respond to effects of climate variability. However, there is limited scholarly evidence and explanation that has been conducted on the factors that influence the choice of alternative sets of strategies that smallholder farmers use in response to climate variability specific stress and literature that disentangles climatic stressors specific adaptation options. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select the study area and household respondents. The study used cross-sectional research design to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Household data was collected from 160 respondents with a structured questionnaire supported by key informant interviews. Multinomial logit modeling (MNL) was used to determine the relative influence of selected household socio-demographic factors on the choice of adaptation strategies against the dry spell. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to create weighted adaptation index for categorizing various similar adaptation strategies. In order to respond to the impact of climate variability stresses, smallholder farmers have adapted growing drought-resistant crops (12.2%), extension of the agricultural frontier into wetlands during the dry spells (37%), whereas use of crop rotation (9.8%) is the most dominant strategies used to manage pest and diseases, similarly soil and water conservation (15.3%) and climate-smart planning basin (11%) are the most dominant adaptation strategies use to manage flood. Empirical results from multinomial logit modeling showed that predictor variables gender, level of education, years of farming, house size, access to credit, and own radio have a significant influence on the choice of adaptation strategies with differences significant level during the dry spell. The study recommends that future policies should focus on strengthening the existing extension training package, strengthening the existing farmer’s groups and cooperatives, encouraging informal social networks in order to boost smallholder farmers’ adaptation to climate variability.展开更多
Merger and acquisition(M&A)has become an im-portant fashion for corporation to expand the operatingscale.In the course of drawing up the M&A strategy,it’s necessary that a method be adopted to balancesome kin...Merger and acquisition(M&A)has become an im-portant fashion for corporation to expand the operatingscale.In the course of drawing up the M&A strategy,it’s necessary that a method be adopted to balancesome kinds of objectives.Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)is the multi-criterion decisional method,whichintegrates qualitative analysis with quantitative analysisto solve the complicated problem.This article intro-duces how to apply AHP to drawing up scientific M&Astrategy.展开更多
In this paper, a simplified iterative regnlarization method was used to solve the operator equations of the first kind involving semi-positive definite operators, the convergence rates of regularized solutions were ob...In this paper, a simplified iterative regnlarization method was used to solve the operator equations of the first kind involving semi-positive definite operators, the convergence rates of regularized solutions were obtained and a posteriori parametr choice strategy was given.展开更多
In this paper, we deal with nonlinear ill-posed problems involving m-accretive mappings in Banach spaces. We consider a derivative and inverse free method for the imple- mentation of Lavrentiev regularization method. ...In this paper, we deal with nonlinear ill-posed problems involving m-accretive mappings in Banach spaces. We consider a derivative and inverse free method for the imple- mentation of Lavrentiev regularization method. Using general HSlder type source condition we obtain an optimal order error estimate. Also we consider the adaptive parameter choice strategy proposed by Pereverzev and Schock （2005） for choosing the regularization parameter.展开更多
The game theory was firstly used for description of economic phenomena and social interaction. But there are certain type of perfect information games （PI-games）, the so-called positional game or Banach-Mazur games,...The game theory was firstly used for description of economic phenomena and social interaction. But there are certain type of perfect information games （PI-games）, the so-called positional game or Banach-Mazur games, which so far have not been applied in economy. The perfect information positional game is defined as the game during which at any time the choice is made by one of the players who is acquainted with the previous decision of his opponent. The game is run on a sequential basis. The aim of this paper is to discuss selected Banach-Mazur games and to present some applications of positional game. This paper also shows new theoretical example of a determined PI-game, based by theoretical overview. All considerations are pure theoretical and based by logical deduction.展开更多
Theory predicts that males and females of dioecious species typically engage in an evolutionary sexual conflict over the frequency and choice of mating partner.Female sexual cannibalism,a particularly dramatic illustr...Theory predicts that males and females of dioecious species typically engage in an evolutionary sexual conflict over the frequency and choice of mating partner.Female sexual cannibalism,a particularly dramatic illustration of this conflict,is widespread in certain animal taxa including spiders.Nevertheless,females of some funnel weaving spiders that are generally aggressive to conspecifics enter a cataleptic state after male courtship,ensuring the males can mate without risk of attack.In this study,we demonstrated that the physical posture and duration,metabo-lites,and central neurotransmitters of females of Aterigena aculeata in sexual catalepsy closely resemble females in thanatosis but are distinct from those in anesthesia,indicating that the courted females feign death to eliminate the risk of potentially aggressive responses and thereby allow preferred males to mate.Unlike the taxonomically widespread thanatosis,which generally represents a deceptive visual signal that acts against the interest of the receivers,sexual catalepsy of females in the funnel weaving spiders may deliver a sexual-receptive signal to the courting males and thereby benefit both the signal senders and receivers.Therefore,sexual catalepsy in A.aculeata may not reflect a conflict butrather a confluence of interest betweenthe sexes.展开更多
文摘Smallholder farmers in Namutumba district draw on a combination of adaptation strategies to respond to effects of climate variability. However, there is limited scholarly evidence and explanation that has been conducted on the factors that influence the choice of alternative sets of strategies that smallholder farmers use in response to climate variability specific stress and literature that disentangles climatic stressors specific adaptation options. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select the study area and household respondents. The study used cross-sectional research design to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Household data was collected from 160 respondents with a structured questionnaire supported by key informant interviews. Multinomial logit modeling (MNL) was used to determine the relative influence of selected household socio-demographic factors on the choice of adaptation strategies against the dry spell. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to create weighted adaptation index for categorizing various similar adaptation strategies. In order to respond to the impact of climate variability stresses, smallholder farmers have adapted growing drought-resistant crops (12.2%), extension of the agricultural frontier into wetlands during the dry spells (37%), whereas use of crop rotation (9.8%) is the most dominant strategies used to manage pest and diseases, similarly soil and water conservation (15.3%) and climate-smart planning basin (11%) are the most dominant adaptation strategies use to manage flood. Empirical results from multinomial logit modeling showed that predictor variables gender, level of education, years of farming, house size, access to credit, and own radio have a significant influence on the choice of adaptation strategies with differences significant level during the dry spell. The study recommends that future policies should focus on strengthening the existing extension training package, strengthening the existing farmer’s groups and cooperatives, encouraging informal social networks in order to boost smallholder farmers’ adaptation to climate variability.
文摘Merger and acquisition(M&A)has become an im-portant fashion for corporation to expand the operatingscale.In the course of drawing up the M&A strategy,it’s necessary that a method be adopted to balancesome kinds of objectives.Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)is the multi-criterion decisional method,whichintegrates qualitative analysis with quantitative analysisto solve the complicated problem.This article intro-duces how to apply AHP to drawing up scientific M&Astrategy.
文摘In this paper, a simplified iterative regnlarization method was used to solve the operator equations of the first kind involving semi-positive definite operators, the convergence rates of regularized solutions were obtained and a posteriori parametr choice strategy was given.
基金National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India, for the financial support
文摘In this paper, we deal with nonlinear ill-posed problems involving m-accretive mappings in Banach spaces. We consider a derivative and inverse free method for the imple- mentation of Lavrentiev regularization method. Using general HSlder type source condition we obtain an optimal order error estimate. Also we consider the adaptive parameter choice strategy proposed by Pereverzev and Schock （2005） for choosing the regularization parameter.
文摘The game theory was firstly used for description of economic phenomena and social interaction. But there are certain type of perfect information games （PI-games）, the so-called positional game or Banach-Mazur games, which so far have not been applied in economy. The perfect information positional game is defined as the game during which at any time the choice is made by one of the players who is acquainted with the previous decision of his opponent. The game is run on a sequential basis. The aim of this paper is to discuss selected Banach-Mazur games and to present some applications of positional game. This paper also shows new theoretical example of a determined PI-game, based by theoretical overview. All considerations are pure theoretical and based by logical deduction.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(no.32160243,no.32000301,no.32070429,no.31772423,no.82173799)the Science and Technology Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(no.GJJ190543).
文摘Theory predicts that males and females of dioecious species typically engage in an evolutionary sexual conflict over the frequency and choice of mating partner.Female sexual cannibalism,a particularly dramatic illustration of this conflict,is widespread in certain animal taxa including spiders.Nevertheless,females of some funnel weaving spiders that are generally aggressive to conspecifics enter a cataleptic state after male courtship,ensuring the males can mate without risk of attack.In this study,we demonstrated that the physical posture and duration,metabo-lites,and central neurotransmitters of females of Aterigena aculeata in sexual catalepsy closely resemble females in thanatosis but are distinct from those in anesthesia,indicating that the courted females feign death to eliminate the risk of potentially aggressive responses and thereby allow preferred males to mate.Unlike the taxonomically widespread thanatosis,which generally represents a deceptive visual signal that acts against the interest of the receivers,sexual catalepsy of females in the funnel weaving spiders may deliver a sexual-receptive signal to the courting males and thereby benefit both the signal senders and receivers.Therefore,sexual catalepsy in A.aculeata may not reflect a conflict butrather a confluence of interest betweenthe sexes.
