Now the top management team and managerial discretion play an important role in driving the firms’development.This paper built a theoretical model to explore the effect of top management team heterogeneity on firm pe...Now the top management team and managerial discretion play an important role in driving the firms’development.This paper built a theoretical model to explore the effect of top management team heterogeneity on firm performance,and analyze the moderating role of managerial discretion.Based on the data of 167 listed firms from Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2019,this paper constructs a multiple regression model and tested the hypothesis.The empirical results show that gender heterogeneity,tenure heterogeneity and education level heterogeneity have a negative effect on firms performance.At the same time managerial discretion can partially moderates the relationship between the heterogeneity of top management team and firm performance,in which capital intensity and the firm size play a negative moderating role,and duality play a positive moderating role.According to the research results,this paper also puts forward corresponding suggestions to improve the firm performance.展开更多
This study utilizes mediation analysis and bootstrapping to analyze the mediating effect of capital structure on the association between managerial ability and firm performance.The dataset consists of 6384 firm-year o...This study utilizes mediation analysis and bootstrapping to analyze the mediating effect of capital structure on the association between managerial ability and firm performance.The dataset consists of 6384 firm-year observations from the Taiwan Residents electronics industry during 2005–2018.Our results indicate that(1)low(high)levels of debt are likely observed in firms with CEOs with high(low)ability,(2)managerial ability positively affects firm performance,and(3)capital structure mediates the positive relationship between managerial ability and firm performance.Overall,the findings may have limited generalizability due to the specific sample characteristics and provide convincing support for the importance of capital structure as a mediator in the managerial ability-firm performance nexus.Specifically,this study highlights the need for examining the effect of managerial ability on firm performance through a mediator.展开更多
This paper evaluated performance of motor insurance companies in Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the following: 1) significant effects of claims settlements on motor insurance firms’ earned premium;2) diffe...This paper evaluated performance of motor insurance companies in Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the following: 1) significant effects of claims settlements on motor insurance firms’ earned premium;2) differences in managerial/technological capabilities among the companies and 3) effects of policy (or time effect) on insurance firms’ output within the study </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">period. Panel data obtained for this study comprised operational data on</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> premium earned and direct claims settlement by these companies over a period </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of six (6) years. Using panel data statistical models, we found that direct</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> claims settlement negatively affected insurance companies’ earned premium. Also, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">significant differences in technological and managerial capabilities were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">found to exist among the companies, though only one company exhibited this heterogeneity. Besides, there were no policy impacts (or time effect) on vehicle insurance firms’ output in the study period. Policy implications of the results were discussed.展开更多
Unit nurse managers in Malawi experience many challenges in the course of performing their roles. This affects their performance and service delivery including the quality of nursing care to patients. This study was c...Unit nurse managers in Malawi experience many challenges in the course of performing their roles. This affects their performance and service delivery including the quality of nursing care to patients. This study was conducted to determine the factors that hindered performance of unit managers in relation to expected quality of nursing services at two referral facilities (Kamuzu and Queen Elizabeth Central hospitals) in Malawi. These two central hospitals have the same structural settings and both offer specialized tertiary health services. A quantitative descriptive design was used to guide the planning and implementation of the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the two major hospitals in Malawi and all available 37 unit nurse managers during the time of the study at the two hospitals participated in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires after seeking consent from the participants and were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The major roles identified by the unit managers were supervision (75.6%, n = 28) and coordination (70.3%, n = 26). Other roles such as team leader, liaison officer, research allocator, monitor and facilitator were rated by very few participants. Findings of the study showed that performance of unit nurse managers was affected by inadequate material (86.4%, n = 32) and human resources (94.5%, n = 35) and lack of managerial skills (5.4%, n = 2). In addition, the unit managers perceived their role to be stressful (38.9%, n = 14) and challenging (47.2%, n = 17). Therefore, there is a need to provide adequate material and human resources to the wards of the two central hospitals to enable the unit managers perform their duties efficiently.展开更多
Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success...Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success of SMEs in Jordan.This study hypothesized that export performance of SMEs is directly affected by three groups of internal factors.These include firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.A multiple case approach is used to conduct this research and a structured interview is developed to collect the data directly from the participants.A pattern matching approach was used to test the hypotheses.The results show that export performance is positively affected by firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.Additionally,the demographic characteristics of managers and adaptation of distribution channels are unlikely to have an influence on export performance.This was unexpected,because of the plenty of empirical evidences in the literature that support the impact of these variables on export success.展开更多
To break through the academic research tradition of isolating subjective performance evaluation (SPE) with objective evaluation, and enhance the application and explanation power of analytical research findings, thi...To break through the academic research tradition of isolating subjective performance evaluation (SPE) with objective evaluation, and enhance the application and explanation power of analytical research findings, this paper adopts a one-period principal-agent model, and solves programming problems by internalizing validity conditions for SPE as constraints according to revelation principle. We find that both SPE and its objectivization can achieve Pareto improvement for both the principal and the agent. Our findings have a general application beyond bonus contracts; it not only explains the pervasive existence of SPE, but also helps to interpret phenomena of the objectification of SPE.展开更多
The small and medium enterprise firms are renowned for improving the nation’s economy through the provision of job opportunities for its populace,improving the financial and investment status of the countries a...The small and medium enterprise firms are renowned for improving the nation’s economy through the provision of job opportunities for its populace,improving the financial and investment status of the countries and provision of innovative products that meets the need of the people.SMEs are key players in the economy,through sustainable development goals(SDGs)enabling them to thrive in the open business environment and actively applying the digital transformation,promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization should be the core of any country government.This research is designed to explore the influence of government intervention and support on enterprise performance and growth in five business sectors-Hospitality,Education,Health care,Bottled Water Production and Transport and Logistics organizations.The research paper had a descriptive research design with a randomly selected sample size of one hundred and ninety-seven respondents.The research hypotheses were tested using(Factor Analysis and Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis)with Statistical Packages for Social Science(SPSS)version 25.The results of the study reveal that government intervention policies and intervention programmes when instituted will promote the growth of business firms in Nigeria.Also identified are relevant recommendations that serve as motivation for policy administrators,entrepreneurs,and business managers to ensure that relevant intervention programme is adopted to boost performance and growth of the SME sector in Nigeria.展开更多
This research paper investigates the relationship between high-performance work systems(HPWS),organisational memory,and employee in-role performance,focus-ing on the direct impact of HPWS on different dimensions of or...This research paper investigates the relationship between high-performance work systems(HPWS),organisational memory,and employee in-role performance,focus-ing on the direct impact of HPWS on different dimensions of organisational memory and employee in-role performance,as well as the mediating role of organisational memory in this relationship.Utilizing a sample of employees working in the tele-communications industry,the study employed structural equation modelling to ana-lyse the relationships among HPWS,organisational memory,and employee in-role performance.The findings revealed that HPWS positively influence all three dimen-sions of organisational memory and employee in-role performance,with organisa-tional memory partially mediating the relationship between HPWS and employee in-role performance.However,the study was limited to the telecommunications industry and Dhofar region and did not examine the potential moderating effects of individual-level or contextual factors on the relationships among HPWS,organisa-tional memory,and employee in-role performance.The study offers practical impli-cations for organizations seeking to improve employee performance and overall effectiveness by highlighting the importance of implementing high-performance work systems and managing organisational memory effectively.This study contrib-utes to the literature on the relationships among HPWS,organisational memory,and employee in-role performance,providing valuable insights into the dynamics of organisational effectiveness.展开更多
基金This work was supported by MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(No.20YJC630022)Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2017MG033)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.HIT.HSS.201875).
文摘Now the top management team and managerial discretion play an important role in driving the firms’development.This paper built a theoretical model to explore the effect of top management team heterogeneity on firm performance,and analyze the moderating role of managerial discretion.Based on the data of 167 listed firms from Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2019,this paper constructs a multiple regression model and tested the hypothesis.The empirical results show that gender heterogeneity,tenure heterogeneity and education level heterogeneity have a negative effect on firms performance.At the same time managerial discretion can partially moderates the relationship between the heterogeneity of top management team and firm performance,in which capital intensity and the firm size play a negative moderating role,and duality play a positive moderating role.According to the research results,this paper also puts forward corresponding suggestions to improve the firm performance.
基金Funding was provided by Universiti Malaysia Pahang(Grant No.RDU1903110).
文摘This study utilizes mediation analysis and bootstrapping to analyze the mediating effect of capital structure on the association between managerial ability and firm performance.The dataset consists of 6384 firm-year observations from the Taiwan Residents electronics industry during 2005–2018.Our results indicate that(1)low(high)levels of debt are likely observed in firms with CEOs with high(low)ability,(2)managerial ability positively affects firm performance,and(3)capital structure mediates the positive relationship between managerial ability and firm performance.Overall,the findings may have limited generalizability due to the specific sample characteristics and provide convincing support for the importance of capital structure as a mediator in the managerial ability-firm performance nexus.Specifically,this study highlights the need for examining the effect of managerial ability on firm performance through a mediator.
文摘This paper evaluated performance of motor insurance companies in Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the following: 1) significant effects of claims settlements on motor insurance firms’ earned premium;2) differences in managerial/technological capabilities among the companies and 3) effects of policy (or time effect) on insurance firms’ output within the study </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">period. Panel data obtained for this study comprised operational data on</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> premium earned and direct claims settlement by these companies over a period </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of six (6) years. Using panel data statistical models, we found that direct</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> claims settlement negatively affected insurance companies’ earned premium. Also, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">significant differences in technological and managerial capabilities were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">found to exist among the companies, though only one company exhibited this heterogeneity. Besides, there were no policy impacts (or time effect) on vehicle insurance firms’ output in the study period. Policy implications of the results were discussed.
文摘Unit nurse managers in Malawi experience many challenges in the course of performing their roles. This affects their performance and service delivery including the quality of nursing care to patients. This study was conducted to determine the factors that hindered performance of unit managers in relation to expected quality of nursing services at two referral facilities (Kamuzu and Queen Elizabeth Central hospitals) in Malawi. These two central hospitals have the same structural settings and both offer specialized tertiary health services. A quantitative descriptive design was used to guide the planning and implementation of the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the two major hospitals in Malawi and all available 37 unit nurse managers during the time of the study at the two hospitals participated in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires after seeking consent from the participants and were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The major roles identified by the unit managers were supervision (75.6%, n = 28) and coordination (70.3%, n = 26). Other roles such as team leader, liaison officer, research allocator, monitor and facilitator were rated by very few participants. Findings of the study showed that performance of unit nurse managers was affected by inadequate material (86.4%, n = 32) and human resources (94.5%, n = 35) and lack of managerial skills (5.4%, n = 2). In addition, the unit managers perceived their role to be stressful (38.9%, n = 14) and challenging (47.2%, n = 17). Therefore, there is a need to provide adequate material and human resources to the wards of the two central hospitals to enable the unit managers perform their duties efficiently.
文摘Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success of SMEs in Jordan.This study hypothesized that export performance of SMEs is directly affected by three groups of internal factors.These include firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.A multiple case approach is used to conduct this research and a structured interview is developed to collect the data directly from the participants.A pattern matching approach was used to test the hypotheses.The results show that export performance is positively affected by firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.Additionally,the demographic characteristics of managers and adaptation of distribution channels are unlikely to have an influence on export performance.This was unexpected,because of the plenty of empirical evidences in the literature that support the impact of these variables on export success.
基金This paper is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50539130).
文摘To break through the academic research tradition of isolating subjective performance evaluation (SPE) with objective evaluation, and enhance the application and explanation power of analytical research findings, this paper adopts a one-period principal-agent model, and solves programming problems by internalizing validity conditions for SPE as constraints according to revelation principle. We find that both SPE and its objectivization can achieve Pareto improvement for both the principal and the agent. Our findings have a general application beyond bonus contracts; it not only explains the pervasive existence of SPE, but also helps to interpret phenomena of the objectification of SPE.
文摘The small and medium enterprise firms are renowned for improving the nation’s economy through the provision of job opportunities for its populace,improving the financial and investment status of the countries and provision of innovative products that meets the need of the people.SMEs are key players in the economy,through sustainable development goals(SDGs)enabling them to thrive in the open business environment and actively applying the digital transformation,promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization should be the core of any country government.This research is designed to explore the influence of government intervention and support on enterprise performance and growth in five business sectors-Hospitality,Education,Health care,Bottled Water Production and Transport and Logistics organizations.The research paper had a descriptive research design with a randomly selected sample size of one hundred and ninety-seven respondents.The research hypotheses were tested using(Factor Analysis and Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis)with Statistical Packages for Social Science(SPSS)version 25.The results of the study reveal that government intervention policies and intervention programmes when instituted will promote the growth of business firms in Nigeria.Also identified are relevant recommendations that serve as motivation for policy administrators,entrepreneurs,and business managers to ensure that relevant intervention programme is adopted to boost performance and growth of the SME sector in Nigeria.
文摘This research paper investigates the relationship between high-performance work systems(HPWS),organisational memory,and employee in-role performance,focus-ing on the direct impact of HPWS on different dimensions of organisational memory and employee in-role performance,as well as the mediating role of organisational memory in this relationship.Utilizing a sample of employees working in the tele-communications industry,the study employed structural equation modelling to ana-lyse the relationships among HPWS,organisational memory,and employee in-role performance.The findings revealed that HPWS positively influence all three dimen-sions of organisational memory and employee in-role performance,with organisa-tional memory partially mediating the relationship between HPWS and employee in-role performance.However,the study was limited to the telecommunications industry and Dhofar region and did not examine the potential moderating effects of individual-level or contextual factors on the relationships among HPWS,organisa-tional memory,and employee in-role performance.The study offers practical impli-cations for organizations seeking to improve employee performance and overall effectiveness by highlighting the importance of implementing high-performance work systems and managing organisational memory effectively.This study contrib-utes to the literature on the relationships among HPWS,organisational memory,and employee in-role performance,providing valuable insights into the dynamics of organisational effectiveness.