The soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura,is an important pest of soybean,which is native to Asia.In this study,A.glycines fed on soybean(AgFS)and A.glycines fed on wild soybean(AgFW)were reared at 25℃,27℃,29℃,31...The soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura,is an important pest of soybean,which is native to Asia.In this study,A.glycines fed on soybean(AgFS)and A.glycines fed on wild soybean(AgFW)were reared at 25℃,27℃,29℃,31℃,33℃and 35℃,respectively,and some of the life parameters were determined.At temperature ranging from 25℃to 31℃,nymphs of AgFS and AgFW all developed into adults successfully.Only a few nymphs of AgFS and AgFW developed into adults at 33℃and no nymphs could develop into adults at 35℃.Lifespan,fecundity and body size of AgFS and AgFW adults all decreased gradually with temperatures increasing from 25℃to 33℃.At 25℃,the intrinsic rate of increase of AgFS was as big as that at 27℃,which was smaller than that at 29℃,but was bigger than that at 31℃.Intrinsic rate of increase of AgFW decreased gradually with temperatures increasing from 25℃to 31℃.Nymph stage duration of AgFW was longer than or as long as that of AgFS;adult lifespan of AgFW was shorter than or as long as that of AgFS.Adult fecundity,intrinsic rate of increase and adult body size of AgFW were all smaller than or as big as those of AgFS.It showed that AgFS and AgFW both survived and developed well at temperature ranging from 25℃to 31℃,and AgFW was more adaptive to low temperatures.These results were important to study the adaptability of A.glycines to high temperatures and for predicting its dynamics in the temperature keeping rising region.展开更多
Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura is one of the most important pests in soybean. Life cycle of A. glycines is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic. The primary hosts of A. glycines are Rhamnus spp. and t...Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura is one of the most important pests in soybean. Life cycle of A. glycines is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic. The primary hosts of A. glycines are Rhamnus spp. and the secondary hosts include cultivated soybean, Glycine max(L.) Merr, and wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb.& Zucc. In this study, A. glycines were fed on Trifolium repens L. and Metaplexis japonica(Thunb.) Makino for three generations and their development, reproduction and body sizes were studied. These data were compared to the control fed on the known hosts, G. max and G. soja. These newly deposited offspring by the 3 rd generation were transferred back onto G. max and these differences in their development, reproduction and body sizes were also studied. It showed that A. glycines all could survive, develop and reproduce well, when they were fed on T. repens and M. japonica for three generations, but there were significant differences in their nymph stage, adult longevity and fecundity, life table parameters and body sizes. When these offspring were transferred back onto G. max which were newly deposited by the 3 rd generation aphids fed on T. repens and M. japonica, they could survive, develop and reproduce well, but there were significant differences in their nymph stage, adult longevity, intrinsic rate of increase and body sizes. It provided important information for studies on host adaptability of A. glycines on T. repens and M. japonica and to make clear the potential that this aphid involved into host biotypes on these plants.展开更多
Life cycle of Aphis glycines Matsumura is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic.Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors that can affect development and reproduction of A.glycines.In this study,...Life cycle of Aphis glycines Matsumura is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic.Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors that can affect development and reproduction of A.glycines.In this study,A.glycines were fed on G.max at five constant temperatures,27℃,29℃,31℃,33℃ and 35℃.The development and reproduction of A.glycines were studied in the laboratory and the data were compared to controls on G.max at 25℃.The results showed that most of A.glycines nymphs developed into adults successfully at temperature range from 25℃ to 33℃,but only a few nymphs could develop into adult at 35℃.Longevity,fecundity and body sizes of A.glycines adults all decreased gradually when temperature increased from 25℃ to 33℃.Intrinsic rate of increase of A.glycines at 27℃ was as big as that at 29℃,which were bigger than those at 25℃,31℃ and 33℃.At 35℃,no offspring were deposited by adults.It provided information on development and reproduction of A.glycines exposed to high temperatures,which was important to study the adaptability of A.glycines to environmental temperature and for predicting its dynamics in soybean field in northeast China.展开更多
为明确新型杀虫剂50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂对梨二叉蚜的田间防治效果,于2022、2023年在山东省龙口市诸由观镇冷王村进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂在18 g a.i./hm2用量时防效最好,药后3 d,防效达94.02%以...为明确新型杀虫剂50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂对梨二叉蚜的田间防治效果,于2022、2023年在山东省龙口市诸由观镇冷王村进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂在18 g a.i./hm2用量时防效最好,药后3 d,防效达94.02%以上,药后7 d,防效达92.68%以上,显著优于常规药剂70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂。50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂在15、12.86 g a.i./hm2时,药后3、7 d防效同样优于70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂。50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂可有效防治梨二叉蚜,推荐使用剂量15~18 g a.i./hm2,且对梨树安全。展开更多
苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、...苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、大莫合、二乡）进行试验观测,统计样地内每棵野苹果树的受害等级、果实产量、受害枝条的旧羽化孔密度等指标。结果表明：新源改良场受害最为严重,交勒赛、二乡和大莫合受害最轻;各调查点间果实产量和苹果小吉丁虫的旧羽化孔密度差异显著;在管理强度高的栽培果园内,苹果小吉丁虫的危害较轻。建议在危害严重区域（如新源）采用人工修剪措施;在适合飞机飞行的区域（如小莫合和大莫合）采用航空防治;在高山区建立围栏保护防治措施（如二乡和八连）;在人工容易到达或者适合人工作业的地方,采用生物防治和人工修剪措施（交勒赛和萨哈）。展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(C2015012)Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund of Heilongjiang Province of China(LBH-Q15015)。
文摘The soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura,is an important pest of soybean,which is native to Asia.In this study,A.glycines fed on soybean(AgFS)and A.glycines fed on wild soybean(AgFW)were reared at 25℃,27℃,29℃,31℃,33℃and 35℃,respectively,and some of the life parameters were determined.At temperature ranging from 25℃to 31℃,nymphs of AgFS and AgFW all developed into adults successfully.Only a few nymphs of AgFS and AgFW developed into adults at 33℃and no nymphs could develop into adults at 35℃.Lifespan,fecundity and body size of AgFS and AgFW adults all decreased gradually with temperatures increasing from 25℃to 33℃.At 25℃,the intrinsic rate of increase of AgFS was as big as that at 27℃,which was smaller than that at 29℃,but was bigger than that at 31℃.Intrinsic rate of increase of AgFW decreased gradually with temperatures increasing from 25℃to 31℃.Nymph stage duration of AgFW was longer than or as long as that of AgFS;adult lifespan of AgFW was shorter than or as long as that of AgFS.Adult fecundity,intrinsic rate of increase and adult body size of AgFW were all smaller than or as big as those of AgFS.It showed that AgFS and AgFW both survived and developed well at temperature ranging from 25℃to 31℃,and AgFW was more adaptive to low temperatures.These results were important to study the adaptability of A.glycines to high temperatures and for predicting its dynamics in the temperature keeping rising region.
基金Supported by Funding(C2015012) from the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China and Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund of Heilongjiang Province,China(LBH-Q15015)
文摘Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura is one of the most important pests in soybean. Life cycle of A. glycines is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic. The primary hosts of A. glycines are Rhamnus spp. and the secondary hosts include cultivated soybean, Glycine max(L.) Merr, and wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb.& Zucc. In this study, A. glycines were fed on Trifolium repens L. and Metaplexis japonica(Thunb.) Makino for three generations and their development, reproduction and body sizes were studied. These data were compared to the control fed on the known hosts, G. max and G. soja. These newly deposited offspring by the 3 rd generation were transferred back onto G. max and these differences in their development, reproduction and body sizes were also studied. It showed that A. glycines all could survive, develop and reproduce well, when they were fed on T. repens and M. japonica for three generations, but there were significant differences in their nymph stage, adult longevity and fecundity, life table parameters and body sizes. When these offspring were transferred back onto G. max which were newly deposited by the 3 rd generation aphids fed on T. repens and M. japonica, they could survive, develop and reproduce well, but there were significant differences in their nymph stage, adult longevity, intrinsic rate of increase and body sizes. It provided important information for studies on host adaptability of A. glycines on T. repens and M. japonica and to make clear the potential that this aphid involved into host biotypes on these plants.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(C2015012)Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund of Heilongjiang Province,China(LBH-Q15015)。
文摘Life cycle of Aphis glycines Matsumura is characterized as heteroecious and holocyclic.Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors that can affect development and reproduction of A.glycines.In this study,A.glycines were fed on G.max at five constant temperatures,27℃,29℃,31℃,33℃ and 35℃.The development and reproduction of A.glycines were studied in the laboratory and the data were compared to controls on G.max at 25℃.The results showed that most of A.glycines nymphs developed into adults successfully at temperature range from 25℃ to 33℃,but only a few nymphs could develop into adult at 35℃.Longevity,fecundity and body sizes of A.glycines adults all decreased gradually when temperature increased from 25℃ to 33℃.Intrinsic rate of increase of A.glycines at 27℃ was as big as that at 29℃,which were bigger than those at 25℃,31℃ and 33℃.At 35℃,no offspring were deposited by adults.It provided information on development and reproduction of A.glycines exposed to high temperatures,which was important to study the adaptability of A.glycines to environmental temperature and for predicting its dynamics in soybean field in northeast China.
文摘为明确新型杀虫剂50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂对梨二叉蚜的田间防治效果,于2022、2023年在山东省龙口市诸由观镇冷王村进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂在18 g a.i./hm2用量时防效最好,药后3 d,防效达94.02%以上,药后7 d,防效达92.68%以上,显著优于常规药剂70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂。50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂在15、12.86 g a.i./hm2时,药后3、7 d防效同样优于70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂。50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂可有效防治梨二叉蚜,推荐使用剂量15~18 g a.i./hm2,且对梨树安全。
文摘苹果小吉丁虫（Agrilus mali Matsumura）自1995年入侵以来,对新疆天山北坡的野苹果林造成了巨大的威胁,但在区域尺度上的危害缺乏系统的评估。选取野苹果林典型分布区——新源县（新源改良场、八连、萨哈）和巩留县（交勒赛、小莫合、大莫合、二乡）进行试验观测,统计样地内每棵野苹果树的受害等级、果实产量、受害枝条的旧羽化孔密度等指标。结果表明：新源改良场受害最为严重,交勒赛、二乡和大莫合受害最轻;各调查点间果实产量和苹果小吉丁虫的旧羽化孔密度差异显著;在管理强度高的栽培果园内,苹果小吉丁虫的危害较轻。建议在危害严重区域（如新源）采用人工修剪措施;在适合飞机飞行的区域（如小莫合和大莫合）采用航空防治;在高山区建立围栏保护防治措施（如二乡和八连）;在人工容易到达或者适合人工作业的地方,采用生物防治和人工修剪措施（交勒赛和萨哈）。
