The Supply-Demand Analysis and Mechanism Innovation of Chinese Rural Public Goods

The connotation of rural public goods is expounded.The rural public goods refer to the products and labors that satisfy the production and living of rural residents,economic growth and social progress.The rural public goods is characterized by non-excludability,non-competitiveness and indispensability of other general public goods.The supply situation of Chinese government to rural public goods is analyzed,as well as the demand situation of rural public goods,which includes farmers' demand on training,the assistance demand of rural weak groups,farmers' demand on comfortable living conditions and farmers' demand on "soft" public goods.The paths for innovating the supply mechanism of rural public goods are put forward,which cover perfecting the decision mechanism of public goods supply;scientifically distributing the supply responsibility of rural public goods;facilitating the reform of each supporting equipment and exploring the multiple capital collecting channels of rural public goods.

STUDIES ON MECHANIS OF PHOTOSENSITIZED ISOMERIZATION OF NORBORNADIENE DERIVATIVES

Using acridine dyes as sensitizers,the photoisomerization of three norbornadiene derivatives was investigated.The valence isomerization of nor- bornadiene derivatives(Ⅰ_a,Ⅰ_b,Ⅰ_c)gave their corresponding isomers of quadri- cyclane(Ⅱ_a,Ⅱ_b,Ⅱ_c)operating with relatively high efficiency in an electron transfer mode.Their quantum yields of isomerization were determined and the reaction mechanism was discussed.

Formation mechanism of micro emulsion on aluminum and lanthanum extraction in P507-HCl system

P507 solvent extraction is the main method to separate and purify the rare earth products.The emulsification may be caused by the impurities in process of extracting rare earths,and these result in huge economic loss and decrease the quality of rare earth products.In recent researches,the extractant was prone to emulsification,and aluminum content of rare earth products also increased,while aluminum concentration of feed was higher.Pointing to this problem,the structural change of saponification P507 extracting aluminum and lanthanum was investigated by infrared spectroscopy,and the results showed that Al ions exchanged with H of P-O-H to become P-O-Al.Because aluminum held the characteristic of hydrophilic after extracted in the form of hydroxyl polymer ions and this provided conditions for the formation of micro emulsion.The organic phase and aqueous phase were investigated by polarizing microscope after aluminum was extracted.The results showed that the organic phase was clear when the extraction capacity of Al was less than 5 g/L.If the extraction capacity of Al exceeded 5 g/L,it formed W/O of ME(micro emulsion),leading to form emulsion of the organic phase.When Al concentration of feed was less than 1 g/L,the aqueous phase would form O/W of ME.If aluminum was extracted by saponification P507 firstly,then the the organic phase loading aluminum extracted rare earth continually,the organic and aqueous phase formed emulsification easily.

High-Level Security Dimension Evaluation of Blockchain BaaS System and Key Technology

In recent years,blockchain technology integration and application has gradually become an important driving force for new technological innovation and industrial transformation.While blockchain technology and applications are developing rapidly,the emerging security risks and obstacles have gradually become prominent.Attackers can still find security issues in blockchain systems and conduct attacks,causing increasing losses from network attacks every year.In response to the current demand for blockchain application security detection and assessment in all industries,and the insufficient coverage of existing detection technologies such as smart contract detectiontechnology,this paper proposes a blockchain core technology security assessment system model,and studies the relevant detection and assessment key technologies and systems.A security assessment scheme based on a smart contract and consensus mechanism detection scheme is designed.And the underlying blockchain architecture supports the traceability of detection results using super blockchains.Finally,the functionality and performance of the system were tested,and the test results show that the model and solutions proposed in this paper have good feasibility.

薄煤层工作面“三机”设备选型及布置

为进一步提升煤矿极近距离煤层的开采效率和安全性,降低煤炭开采成本,以某14号煤层为研究对象,结合相关理论计算公式对液压支架、采煤机以及刮板输送机的核心指标进行核算并完成设备的确定;对所选型的综采设备在现场进行布置并对工程实践应用效果进行评估。

浅谈东台市富安镇推行蚕桑机械化的成效

作为传统产业的蚕桑业,其机械化机具的推广应用相对较慢。新形势下,以手工作业为主体的传统农业定将不能适应新时代发展。传统产业唯有“破旧立新”,加快转型升级,持续稳定发展才有保证。随着我国城镇化建设的不断推进,劳动力紧缺的矛盾又愈加突出起来。推行蚕桑产业机械化作业,既十分紧迫,又非常必要。大力度推广蚕桑机械化作业,既能有效破解产效不高的矛盾,又能提高劳动产出率,有利于产业稳定发展。

大面积水泥土垫层施工技术

水泥土换填处理地基法对处理湿陷性黄土的不规则沉降有显著效果,论文将公路用机械应用在房建领域,从施工部署、工艺流程、注意事项等方面进行了应用介绍,从环保、工效、质量3个方面对机械化处理工艺同传统工艺进行了对比分析,有很好的应用效果。

基于预制沟槽盖板铺装设备的关键设计思考

基于设计、施工及验收全过程要求为出发点,对预制沟槽盖板的整体结构及系统的开发设计关键点进行分析、对比、论证,对沟槽盖板机械化铺装施工的工艺流程进行阐述,及对铺装精度的功能结构实现进行验证,以期在应用中提高铺装质量和效率。

井下多功能检修车的设计及应用技术

通过介绍高度机械化矿井排水泵房的实际检修情况,着眼于当下检修过程中存在的弊端,专门提出了改进方案,设计出一种适合井下检修使用的行走起吊装置--井下多功能检修车。阐述了该装置的结构原理,通过必要的力学分析,最终确定产品的主要参数,并且为产品的安全性能提供了有力的数据支撑。该产品的应用极大地改善了传统泵房的检修状况,节约人力,缩短工期,为矿井机械化发展创造了有利条件。

家庭养猪场智慧改造机械化生产体系研究

针对作业效率低、粪污处理难等问题,在种养结合低碳循环生产模式下,提出家庭养猪场智慧化改造各环节的机械化需求,结合圈舍建设及存栏量等情况配置生产机具,旨在通过机械化手段提高家庭养猪场生产效率、降低养殖成本,取得良好的生态和经济效益。试验结果表明,机械化生产日总作业时间比人工养殖减少了83.9%,约235 min,每百头猪作业效率提高了5.3倍,日节省作业成本约100元。同时,智慧化饲喂每年可为项目地节省饲料约8万元(年出栏量1000头)。此外,探讨了家庭农场生猪养殖的社会成本补偿机理,通过圈舍环境控制、养殖粪污减量化处理和改变发酵堆肥等方式,对环境进行了补偿。最后提出可推广的家庭养猪场智慧化改造的机械化生产体系。

菠萝黑心病研究进展

综述了菠萝黑心病的研究现状。菠萝黑心病的主要特征是菠萝果实果内褐变,酚类化合物、酶类、活性氧是褐变的发生必须具备的3个因素。目前认为该病是受多种因素影响的一种复杂生理变化过程的病害。根据当前菠萝生产和保鲜情况,提出控制菠萝黑心病的途径。

鸡粪热解特性与动力学分析

应用同步热分析仪,以不同升温速率对鸡粪进行热解,研究其热解特性和动力学。结果表明,鸡粪热解可以分为5个阶段,随着升温速率增加,反应的特征温度和最大失重速率变化较明显。根据Malek法确定热解机理为随机成核和随后成长,把试验数据代入热解鸡粪热解反应式拟合计算得到的活化能和频率因子,与Ozawa法计算的结果相同,确定活化能E为180.83 kJ/mol,频率因子lgA为14.27 s-1,反应级数n为1/3。通过常规热解试验,分析样品在一定温度的固体产率,得到的结果与热重试验的数据接近,验证了热重分析结果的可靠性。

煤炭采样机偏倚试验中最大允许偏倚(B)的研究

对煤炭采样机偏倚试验中最大允许偏倚（B）进行了研究．通过实测和分析得出，最大允许偏倚对于精煤为0．50％，其它洗煤为0．80％；对于灰分Ad〈15％，15％～30％以及〉30％的筛选煤分剐为0．80％，1．10％和1．50％；对于灰分Ad〈15％，15％～30％以及〉30％的原煤分别为1．00％，1．30％和1．80％．该B值不仅是采样机偏倚试验的性能判据，实为适合我国煤炭品质均匀性的机械化采样最大允许系统误差，同时也为手工采样的系统误差提供了参考．

农机补贴政策的实证检验

【目的】分析农机购置补贴政策对中国农业机械化发展的影响,为未来农机补贴政策的调整和优化提供更为具体、有针对性的参考和依据。【方法】基于全国31个省、直辖市、自治区2004—2019年间农机购置补贴和农业机械化发展、农村收入等数据,采用格兰杰因果关系检验分析农机购置补贴政策在不同地区的实现形式、补贴效果和响应程度。【结果】1)农机补贴响应程度和实际效果存在区域差异;农机购置对农机补贴力度更敏感,对农机补贴数额响应较迟钝。2)农机购置对农机补贴有一定反馈影响。3)中部和西部对农机补贴力度较敏感。【结论】应实施差异化的农机补贴政策,加大中西部地区补贴力度,引导农机工业积极转型升级。

反应条件对正庚烷在Mo_2C/Hβ上异构产物的影响

以正戊烷为碳源,采用程序升温法制备了Hβ沸石分子筛负载碳化钼催化剂,并进行X射线衍射(XRD)表征。在固定床微型反应器内进行正庚烷在该催化剂上的异构化反应,考察反应条件对正庚烷异构化产物分布的影响,并探讨正庚烷异构化的反应机理。结果表明,正庚烷的异构化是双分子聚合裂化和经由金属环丁烷中间体的键转移机理协同作用的结果,异构产物以甲基己烷为主,同时产生部分二甲基戊烷和环烷烃以及裂化产物;在533～553K内,反应温度对正庚烷异构生成甲基己烷的影响不明显,但提高温度能促进裂化反应;氢气压强提高同时抑制异构化和加氢裂化反应;降低空速有利于单甲基己烷向辛烷值更高的二甲基戊烷转化;氢烃体积比增加对异构化反应有抑制作用,对裂化反应没有影响。

水稻抛秧工厂化育苗设施及其应用

水稻生产采用工厂化设施育苗—抛秧种植是对传统栽培方式的一大改革。它不仅打破了需用秧田育秧和分穴、行距插秧的作业方式,且便于实现育苗作业机械化、工厂化。从广东农机化综合试点—南海市大沥联滘早晚稻试验实践表明:采用工厂化设施育苗、一次成苗直接抛秧种植,不仅省力、省工,而且省田、省种、省成本,是一种新型高产、高效种植方法。

大直径深立井井筒基岩段快速施工技术

鸡西建设工程公司在望峰岗矿主井井筒施工中,采用短段掘砌混合作业,充分发挥机械化配套设备能力,推广应用伞钻凿眼深孔爆破,双中心回转抓岩机装岩等凿井新技术,2005年连续7个月月成井破百米,为大直径深立井井筒快速施工积累了经验。

甜菜种植标准化示范区含糖率连续提高状况分析及措施

2011—2014年,在新疆昌吉甜菜低糖老区核心示范区采用全程机械化标准化种植模式,使该糖区核心示范区甜菜块根含糖率从2010年的13.8%逐步提高到2014年的15.32%,4年来甜菜平均块根含糖率较2010年示范区提高了0.99度,甜菜块根产量较2010年示范区增加了11.5%。

我国农作物秸秆收集存在的问题及对策

农作物秸秆作为一种巨大的可再生能源,正在逐步得到广泛利用,但农作物秸秆的收集正在成为其综合利用的瓶颈问题。阐述我国农作物秸秆的特点、利用方式、收集方式、存在的问题及对策,以为我国实现农作物秸秆的规模化收集提供参考。

内蒙古阿拉善左旗4年采用机械模拟飞播牧草效益调查

阿拉善左旗４年机械模拟飞播牧草累计面积为２９８０ｈｍ２，实播面积为２９８０ｈｍ２，１９９７年１０月调查，保存面积为２９７０ｈｍ２，保存面积率为９９．７％。４年来播区植被盖度提高８．９６倍，有苗面积率提高３１．５３倍，牧草产量提高３５．９１倍。第一性生产产值和第二性生产产值分别是飞播总投资的０．６７倍和０．９７倍，机械模拟飞播牧草表现出明显的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。