In recent years JSC "Krastsvetmet" has successfully developed the production of chemically pure compounds of precious metals.Currently methods have been developed and facilities have been provided for indust...In recent years JSC "Krastsvetmet" has successfully developed the production of chemically pure compounds of precious metals.Currently methods have been developed and facilities have been provided for industrial production of the following platinum metals compounds:Rhodium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,rhodium(Ⅲ) chloride solution,rhodium(Ⅲ) nitrate solution,rhodium(Ⅲ) iodide,rhodium(Ⅲ) sulfate,hydrated rhodium(Ⅲ) oxide,ammonium hexachlororodiate,rhodium(Ⅲ) phosphate solution,rhodium electrolytes;Iridium(Ⅳ) chloride hydrate,iridium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,ammonium hexachloroiridate(Ⅳ),hexa chloriridium acid solution,hexachloriridium crystalline acid;Ruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,ruthenium(Ⅳ) hydroxide chloride,ruthenium(Ⅳ) hydroxide chloride solution,ammonium hexachlororuthenate,ruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride solution,potassium,diaquaoctachloronitrido diruthenate.The quality of the production meets the requirements of Russian and foreign consumers.展开更多
In ladle metallurgical processing,two liquid layers,a metallic layer below a salty or oxide layer,are separated by an interface where mass exchanges occur by the way of a redox reaction.The mass transfer associated wi...In ladle metallurgical processing,two liquid layers,a metallic layer below a salty or oxide layer,are separated by an interface where mass exchanges occur by the way of a redox reaction.The mass transfer associated with such reaction is strongly dependent on the agitation of each phase as well of their interface.We use an experimental system able to melt separately metal and salt.Once these elements are molten a sampling system is used.The experimenter chooses the sampling times.Finally,the collected samples and the final metal and salt ingots are analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy(ICP-AES).During the experiments,both temperature and,intensity and frequency of the inducting current,are measured.Comparisons on experimental results are done varying the induction as well as the transferred element.展开更多
High intensity power ultrasound was respectively introduced into three different solidification stages of Al–8%Si hypoeutectic alloy, including the fully liquid state before nucleation, the nucleation and growth proc...High intensity power ultrasound was respectively introduced into three different solidification stages of Al–8%Si hypoeutectic alloy, including the fully liquid state before nucleation, the nucleation and growth process of primary α（Al） phase and L →（Al） ＋（Si） eutectic transformation period. It is found that both the primary α（Al） phase and（Al ＋ Si） eutectic structure were refined by different degrees with various growth morphologies depending on the ultrasonic treatment stage. Based on the experimental results,the cavitation-induced nucleation due to the high undercooling caused by the collapse of tiny cavities was proposed as the major reason for refining the primary α（Al） phase. Meanwhile, obvious eutectic morphological change was observed only when ultrasound was directly introduced in the eutectic transformation stage, in which typical divorced eutectics and（Al ＋ Si） eutectic cells with symmetrical flower shape were formed at the top of the alloy sample. The introduction of ultrasound in each solidification stage also improves the yield strength of Al–8% Si alloy to a diverse extent.展开更多
文摘In recent years JSC "Krastsvetmet" has successfully developed the production of chemically pure compounds of precious metals.Currently methods have been developed and facilities have been provided for industrial production of the following platinum metals compounds:Rhodium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,rhodium(Ⅲ) chloride solution,rhodium(Ⅲ) nitrate solution,rhodium(Ⅲ) iodide,rhodium(Ⅲ) sulfate,hydrated rhodium(Ⅲ) oxide,ammonium hexachlororodiate,rhodium(Ⅲ) phosphate solution,rhodium electrolytes;Iridium(Ⅳ) chloride hydrate,iridium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,ammonium hexachloroiridate(Ⅳ),hexa chloriridium acid solution,hexachloriridium crystalline acid;Ruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride hydrate,ruthenium(Ⅳ) hydroxide chloride,ruthenium(Ⅳ) hydroxide chloride solution,ammonium hexachlororuthenate,ruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride solution,potassium,diaquaoctachloronitrido diruthenate.The quality of the production meets the requirements of Russian and foreign consumers.
基金Item Sponsored by Framework of a CNRS-CEA Program on the Use of Molten Salts In Nuclear Applications (PCR ANSF) for the Reprocessing of Nuclear Reactor Salt Operating on a Cycle Th/U
文摘In ladle metallurgical processing,two liquid layers,a metallic layer below a salty or oxide layer,are separated by an interface where mass exchanges occur by the way of a redox reaction.The mass transfer associated with such reaction is strongly dependent on the agitation of each phase as well of their interface.We use an experimental system able to melt separately metal and salt.Once these elements are molten a sampling system is used.The experimenter chooses the sampling times.Finally,the collected samples and the final metal and salt ingots are analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy(ICP-AES).During the experiments,both temperature and,intensity and frequency of the inducting current,are measured.Comparisons on experimental results are done varying the induction as well as the transferred element.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51471134 and 51402240)the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU (No. SKLSP201735)Ao Xiang Xin Xing Foundation of NWPU
文摘High intensity power ultrasound was respectively introduced into three different solidification stages of Al–8%Si hypoeutectic alloy, including the fully liquid state before nucleation, the nucleation and growth process of primary α（Al） phase and L →（Al） ＋（Si） eutectic transformation period. It is found that both the primary α（Al） phase and（Al ＋ Si） eutectic structure were refined by different degrees with various growth morphologies depending on the ultrasonic treatment stage. Based on the experimental results,the cavitation-induced nucleation due to the high undercooling caused by the collapse of tiny cavities was proposed as the major reason for refining the primary α（Al） phase. Meanwhile, obvious eutectic morphological change was observed only when ultrasound was directly introduced in the eutectic transformation stage, in which typical divorced eutectics and（Al ＋ Si） eutectic cells with symmetrical flower shape were formed at the top of the alloy sample. The introduction of ultrasound in each solidification stage also improves the yield strength of Al–8% Si alloy to a diverse extent.
