Engineering-Geological Problems in the Moravian Karst,Czech Republic

The Moravian karst belongs to one of the famous karst regions in Central Europe. It is situated in Moravia in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. According to the geology it is of Devonian age and the main rocks are of different types of limestones. The process of karstification is still active. They are many caves with rich stalagmites and stalactites and the Macocha abyss, the depth of which is 138.5 m. The underground Punkva River flows through the main part of the karst, forming beautiful underground lakes. Typical karst phenomena, such as sinkholes and deep canyons, may be observed on the surface of the terrain. Because of the karstification, water erosion and frost weathering, many steep unstable slopes and walls originated. To solve the stability from a geotechnical point of view is not easy. This requests a special engineering-geological knowledge and experience.

元叙述的后现代写实性——《摩拉瓦河畔之夜》的叙事特色

彼得·汉德克在《摩拉瓦河畔之夜》里从文本建构、设问解惑和所指含混等方面建构了独具特色的元叙述,展现了小说对后现代写实性的反传统性和创新性。小说文本建构的写实性主要表现在复调的仿真性、旅程的串联性和画外音的补充性,揭示了人在大千世界中隐身于世的可能性和不可能性。汉德克采用了自问自答、自否式设问和自问无答的叙事方式建构小说里设问策略与写实求真的内在关联。他的含混叙事策略还从地方所指含混、人物所指含混和物体所指含混等方面来体现小说情节发展的张力,凸显元小说的叙事特征,展现含混手法中朦胧性和不确定性的艺术魅力,使文本叙事摆脱了传统写实的桎梏,获得了后现代性的叙事自治。

欧洲宗教改革时期的摩拉维亚公社

欧洲宗教改革时期,再洗礼派的胡特尔兄弟会在摩拉维亚地区建立了许多公社。这些公社取消私人财产,实行财产共有,同时采取集体生产、集体生活的方式,取得一定程度的成功,在摩拉维亚地区持续存在了将近一个世纪。摩拉维亚公社属于激进改革的一部分,体现出农民和工匠为主体的下层民众要求建立一个平等、公正的理想社会的愿望。和德国农民战争、明斯特起义等激进改革相比较,胡特尔兄弟会坚持不使用武力,通过和平方式建设摩拉维亚公社的实践,提供了激进改革派反抗斗争的另一种类型。