Neurochip Based on Light-addressable Potentiometric Sensor

<正>A novel neurochip based on light addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is designed.Using its light addressable characteristic.The problems of the limitations of restricted discrete active sites of current neurochips,such as microelectrode array and field effect transistor array can be settled easily.Based on the theoretical analysis of the interface between cells and LAPS,spontaneously discharges of hippocampal neurons induced by Mg~ 2+)-free media treatment were recorded by LAPS.The results demonstrate that this kind of neurochip has potential to monitor electrophysiology of cultured cells in a non-invasive way.

Neurochip based on light-addressable potentiometric sensor with wavelet transform de-noising

Neurochip based on light-addressable potentiometric sensor(LAPS),whose sensing elements are excitable cells,can monitor electrophysiological properties of cultured neuron networks with cellular signals well analyzed.Here we report a kind of neurochip with rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells hybrid with LAPS and a method of de-noising signals based on wavelet transform.Cells were cultured on LAPS for several days to form networks,and we then used LAPS system to detect the extracellular potentials with signals de-noised according to decomposition in the time-frequency space.The signal was decomposed into various scales,and coefficients were processed based on the properties of each layer.At last,signal was reconstructed based on the new coefficients.The results show that after de-noising,baseline drift is removed and signal-to-noise ratio is increased.It suggests that the neurochip of PC12 cells coupled to LAPS is stable and suitable for long-term and non-invasive measurement of cell electrophysiological properties with wavelet transform,taking advantage of its time-frequency localization analysis to reduce noise.

神经芯片技术的研究进展

神经芯片是一种用硅微加工技术制造的微机电器件 .活体的哺乳动物神经元细胞在神经芯片上培养存活 ,通过外加电路的控制 ,人们可以方便地对活体神经元进行检测 ,研究其在外加激励模式下的响应 ,整个研究过程是选择性的、实时的、连续的 .简要评述了神经芯片技术的研究进展 。

神经芯片:从神经元到脑研究的新技术

神经芯片技术是一种将神经元或脑组织与场效应晶体管技术结合起来研究神经元电活动和大脑学习记忆等高级功能的新技术。该技术具有无损伤检测及长时程记录的优点,是研究活体培育的神经元或神经元集群在不同外加刺激下的动力学过程的好方法,也是研究神经发育及神经损伤修复的强有力的工具。从其原理、结构、信号检测和脑片硅芯片技术等几个方面介绍神经芯片技术的最新研究进展。

Population Bursts of Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons Inhibit Spiking Pyramidal Cells in Spontaneously Active Cortical in Vitro Networks

Author present the interplay between different neuron types in the spontaneous electrical activity of low density cortical in vitro networks grown on MEA （multielectrode arrays） of glass neurochips. In 10% of the networks, the continuously spiking activity of some neurons was inhibited by synchronous bursts or superbursts of the majority of the other neurons. Immunohistochemical staining subsequent to MEA recordings suggest that the synchronously bursting neurons are parvalbumin-positive interneurons with abundant axonal ramifications. Blocking chemical synaptic transmission by Ca2＋-free medium revealed that the curbed spiking neurons are intrinsically active. It is assumed that these neurons are pyramidal cells which may be inhibited by groups of synchronously bursting interneurons. It is propose that the observed burst-induced inhibition is an important principle in the temporal organization of neuronal activity as well as in the restriction of excitation, and thus essential for information processing in the cerebral cortex.

神经芯片研究新进展:微接触印刷将神经元和硅片融为一体

神经芯片是一种利用微电极阵列实现神经细胞与电子器件信息传导的生物芯片，是人工神经代偿器件的接口。它通过把活的神经元和硅电路有机地连接在一起，实现对细胞无损伤的长时程记录，并且可以施加入为刺激。目前这一领域的关键问题在于如何使神经细胞在芯片上按照电极点的位置黏附生长，建立通讯联系并提高芯片材料的信噪比。利用微加工工艺有望达到这一目的。微接触印刷技术在其中应用最为广泛。它应用聚二甲基硅氧烷为印章，以生物大分子或有机聚合物为“墨水”，把主模板上的精细图案转印到硅片材料上，从而实现对材料表面黏附底物的改性和结构的微加工。本综述简要介绍了神经芯片的研究进展，详细阐述了微接触印刷技术的研究现状，并且初步探讨了这一工艺在神经芯片领域中的最新应用。

光神经网络与光神经芯片

简要介绍了用于光神经网络的光神经器件的基本结构与工作原理。