Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Icariin has been shown to enhance erectile function through its bioactive form, icarisid Ih This study investigates the effects of icarisid Ⅱ ...Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Icariin has been shown to enhance erectile function through its bioactive form, icarisid Ih This study investigates the effects of icarisid Ⅱ on diabetic rats with ED and its potential mechanism viathe assessment of advanced glycosylation end products （AGEs）, autophagy, mTOR and the NO-cGMP pathway. Icarisid Ⅱ was extracted from icariin by an enzymatic method. In the control and diabetic ED groups, rats were administered normal saline; in the icarisid Ⅱ group, rats were administered icarisid Ⅱ intragastrically. Erectile function was evaluated by measuring intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure （ICP/MAP）. AGE concentrations, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity and cGMP concentration were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Cell proliferation was analysed using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and flow cytometry. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy, monodansylcadaverine staining and GFP-LC3 Iocalisation. The expression of NOS isoforms and key proteins in autophagy were examined by western blot. Our results have shown that Icarisid Ⅱ increased ICP/MAP values, the smooth muscle cell （SMC） growth curve, S phase and SMC/collagen fibril （SMC/CF） proportions and decreased Beclin 1 （P〈0.05）. Icarisid Ⅱ significantly increased the proliferative index and p-p70S6K（Thr389） levels and decreased the numbers of autophagosomes and the levels of LC3-11 （P〈0.01）. Icarisid Ⅱ decreased AGE concentrations and increased cGMP concentration, NOS activity （P〈0.05） and cNOS levels （P〈0.01） in the diabetic ED group. Therefore, Icarisid Ⅱ constitutes a promising compound for diabetic ED and might be involved in the upregulation of SMC proliferation and the NO-cGMP pathway and the downregulation of AGEs, autophagy and the mTOR pathway.展开更多
目的 :观察中枢NO -cGMP系统对大鼠吗啡戒断症状的影响。方法 :用皮下递增注射吗啡法建立吗啡依赖模型 ,腹腔注射纳洛酮催瘾。侧脑室注射 (i c v )不同药物 ,观察对大鼠叩齿、扭体、湿狗样抖动、舔阴茎、逃逸、体重丢失等吗啡戒断症状...目的 :观察中枢NO -cGMP系统对大鼠吗啡戒断症状的影响。方法 :用皮下递增注射吗啡法建立吗啡依赖模型 ,腹腔注射纳洛酮催瘾。侧脑室注射 (i c v )不同药物 ,观察对大鼠叩齿、扭体、湿狗样抖动、舔阴茎、逃逸、体重丢失等吗啡戒断症状的影响。结果 :微量侧脑室注射 (i c v )NO的供体硝普钠(SNP)、NO的前体L -精氨酸 (L -Arg)、环磷酸鸟苷 (cGMP)以增加脑内NO的释放 ,激活鸟苷酸环化酶(GC) ,提高脑内cGMP水平 ,结果使吗啡戒断症状加重 ;相反 ,微量注射NO合酶 (NOS)抑制剂NG-硝基 -L精氨酸 (LNNA)及鸟苷酸环化酶 (GC)抑制剂甲基兰 (MB) ,使脑内NO生成减少 ,降低NO对GC的激活作用 ,脑内cGMP生成减少 ,则可使大鼠吗啡戒断症状减轻。结论 :NO -cGMP系统在产生吗啡戒断反应中具有重要作用。展开更多
文摘Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Icariin has been shown to enhance erectile function through its bioactive form, icarisid Ih This study investigates the effects of icarisid Ⅱ on diabetic rats with ED and its potential mechanism viathe assessment of advanced glycosylation end products （AGEs）, autophagy, mTOR and the NO-cGMP pathway. Icarisid Ⅱ was extracted from icariin by an enzymatic method. In the control and diabetic ED groups, rats were administered normal saline; in the icarisid Ⅱ group, rats were administered icarisid Ⅱ intragastrically. Erectile function was evaluated by measuring intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure （ICP/MAP）. AGE concentrations, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity and cGMP concentration were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Cell proliferation was analysed using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and flow cytometry. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy, monodansylcadaverine staining and GFP-LC3 Iocalisation. The expression of NOS isoforms and key proteins in autophagy were examined by western blot. Our results have shown that Icarisid Ⅱ increased ICP/MAP values, the smooth muscle cell （SMC） growth curve, S phase and SMC/collagen fibril （SMC/CF） proportions and decreased Beclin 1 （P〈0.05）. Icarisid Ⅱ significantly increased the proliferative index and p-p70S6K（Thr389） levels and decreased the numbers of autophagosomes and the levels of LC3-11 （P〈0.01）. Icarisid Ⅱ decreased AGE concentrations and increased cGMP concentration, NOS activity （P〈0.05） and cNOS levels （P〈0.01） in the diabetic ED group. Therefore, Icarisid Ⅱ constitutes a promising compound for diabetic ED and might be involved in the upregulation of SMC proliferation and the NO-cGMP pathway and the downregulation of AGEs, autophagy and the mTOR pathway.
