Loss Rate Estimation of Yield and Output Value of Tobacco Leaf Infected by Tobacco Blown Spot (Alternaria alternata)

[Objective] The paper was to study the effect of tobacco blown spot on the yield and output value of tobacco leaf.[Method]The upper,middle and lower leaves in tobacco plant were selected during the harvest period of tobacco to carry out loss rate estimation of yield and output value of tobacco leaf caused by different disease levels of brown spot.Regression correlation analysis was also conducted.[Result]The disease levels of brown spot had extremely significant strong negative correlation with single leaf weight of tobacco leaf,and it had extremely significant strong positive correlation with the loss rate of single leaf weight.The increase speed of loss rate of single leaf weight of middle and upper leaves was obviously faster than that of lower leaves.The loss rates of single leaf weight of upper,middle and lower leaves were 3.18%-28.95%,3.43%-28.88% and 10.07%-26.90%,respectively.The higher the disease level of blown spot was,the lower the yield and output value of tobacco leaf was,and the corresponding loss rate was also higher.Correlation analysis showed that the disease level of blown spot had extremely significant strong negative correlation with the yield and output value of tobacco leaf,and it had extremely significant strong positive correlation with the loss rate of yield and output value.The negative impact of blown spot on the output value of tobacco leaf was far greater than that on the yield.The highest loss rate of the yield of tobacco leaf was 28.56%,while the highest loss rate of output value reached 89.67%.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for accurately holding the critical period for the control of blown spot,thus reducing the damage on tobacco leaf and improving the output value of tobacco leaf.

A Probe into the Mortgage Rates of Land Contract Management Rights Based on Unified Annual Output Value

The mortgage of land contract management rights has launched a pilot project in Ningxia,Hubei,Henan,Guizhou,Chongqing and other provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions,which provides a good solution to the problem of funds for rural development and plays a huge role in promoting local rural economic development.In the mortgage financing of land contract management rights implemented in various regions,how to determine a scientific,accurate and reasonable mortgage rate of land contract management rights becomes a difficulty troubling the mortgage financing of land.On the basis of unified annual output value of land,this article uses survey method,income capitalization method,and comparison method to analyze the value of land contract management rights,and finally determine the mortgage rates of land contract management rights.

Experimental Study of Buffer Gas Flow Rate Effect on Output Power of a Copper Vapor Laser

A copper vapor laser with active medium length of 60 cm and bore of 16 mm has been operated and optimized using different buffer gases to investigate the effect of the gas flow rates on the output power. It is found that there is a special optimum gas flow rate associated with the type of buffer gas.

Contribution of Agricultural Input to Output in Hohhot City

Based on the research data from the economics and management platform of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,we analyze the changes in the input of agricultural production factors,such as farmland,labor and capital in Hohhot City. Based on the principle of econometrics,we select the agricultural production input-output data in Hohhot City during the period 1992-2010,and establish the econometric model using Cobb-Douglas production factor,to estimate the rate of contribution of agricultural input to the growth of agricultural output value,and study the quantitative relations between agricultural input and agricultural output value. The results show that in Hohhot City,the contribution of chemical fertilizer input to the growth of agricultural output value is the greatest; the contribution of mechanical power to agricultural output value is still not brought into full play; the contribution of remaining production inputs ( including technical progress) accounts for 35. 69% . In the future,Hohhot City should pay more attention to the technical input to develop agriculture.

FORECAST OF CHINA'S GRAINPRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT AND ITSSELF-SUPPORT RATE ANALYSIS

This far stern difficulhes and challenges fatal by the dev ofadn P in etna. to the bac national snon of China and the of and min the world market, China must meet the and Inainly by her own production. Using the input output and system edence metal, this makesa foast abbot China’s glain output, grain and allsupport rate in the year 2030.

酿酒葡萄全生育期管理机械选配及投入产出研究

介绍了贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄全程机械化作业适配机械的技术性能,对酿酒葡萄全生育期中清土展藤、除草、植保打药、施有机肥、枝条粉碎及埋藤等环节所用机械进行了作业效率、作业投入分析,并与人工作业进行酿酒成本、投入产出比较,结果表明,在酿酒葡萄全生育期作业机械优化配置下,劳动效率显著提高,每公顷投入成本可降低11265元,投入产出率提高1.36倍,土地产出率增幅达10.6倍。

积累率、再生产结构与经济增长——基于中国城市数据的实证研究

以价值衡量的净产出增长取决于社会中的积累率水平、追加资本的结构以及净产出增量的分配结构。经济增长是社会剩余和再生产结构的函数。本文运用我国1998—2019年4个直辖市和283个地级市(含省会城市)数据,对该结论进行了实证检验。研究结果显示:积累率、追加资本结构和劳动收入占比对我国经济增长具有显著性影响,这种影响在我国省会城市与非省会城市以及南方城市和北方城市间具有显著的异质性。在我国全面建设社会主义现代化国家的背景下,保持合宜的经济增长速度是维持社会稳定、实现发展目标的基础。随着我国资本密集度的不断提高、二元经济结构的调整、人口结构的变化以及创新型国家的建设,追加资本中可变资本比例的下降和劳动收入的不断上升,会对经济增长带来抑制作用。因此,应通过保持较高的积累率、调整投资方向、不断提高劳动生产率的方式获得理想的增长速度。

Performance of terahertz channel with multiple input multiple output techniques

Terahertz(THz) communication is being considered as a potential solution to mitigate the demand for high bandwidth. The characteristic of THz band is relatively different from present wireless channel and imposes technical challenges in the design and development of communication systems. Due to the high path loss in THz band,wireless THz communication can be used for relatively short distances. Even,for a distance of few meters( > 5 m),the absorption coefficient is very high and hence the performance of the system is poor. The use of multiple antennas for wireless communication systems has gained overwhelming interest during the last two decades.Multiple Input Multiple Output( MIMO) Spatial diversity technique has been exploited in this paper to improve the performance in terahertz band. The results show that the Bit Error Rate( BER) is considerably improved for short distance( < 5 m) with MIMO. However,as the distance increases,the improvement in the error performance is not significant even with increase in the order of diversity. This is because,as distance increases,in some frequency bands the signal gets absorbed by water vapor and results in poor transmission. Adaptive modulation scheme is implemented to avoid these error prone frequencies. Adaptive modulation with receiver diversity is proposed in this work and has improved the BER performance of the channel for distance greater than 5 m.

施氮量对云烟100高端烟叶产出率及品质的影响

[目的]为明确施氮量对宣威高端烟叶产出率及品质的影响,筛选出适宜主栽烤烟品种云烟100的最佳施氮量。[方法]通过田间试验,研究不同施氮量对烟株农艺性状、高端烟叶产出率及外观质量、物理特性、化学成分等烟叶品质的影响。[结果]施纯氮97.5、112.5 kg/hm^(2)处理的烟株田间长势较好,施纯氮67.5、82.5 kg/hm^(2)处理次之;高端烟叶产出叶位主要为第7~8片,施纯氮97.5 kg/hm^(2)处理的产出率较高;施纯氮97.5 kg/hm^(2)处理的外观质量、物理特性综合得分均较高,化学成分协调性表现最优。[结论]不同施氮量对宣威高端烟叶产出率及品质的影响较大,施氮量97.5 kg/hm^(2)处理的烟株田间长势较好,高端烟叶产出率较高,烟叶品质较好。

基于PLC的级联型高压变频器转差率控制技术

单一考虑输出功率而忽略级联型高压变频器电容储能的影响,易造成控制结果转差率较高,导致瞬时功率变化引发系统不稳定。因此,同时考虑上述参数,提出基于PLC的级联型高压变频器转差率控制技术。分析级联型高压变频器中压敏电阻的标称电压特性,明确输出功率对变频器运行参数的影响。在此基础上修正各项损耗误差,以此解析变频器的实际电容储能参数。基于PLC设计变频器控制单元的程序逻辑,得到相应的控制信号,经变频器转换解析后调制其矢量空间,实现变频器转差率控制。由实验可知:所提方法转差率较低,能保证输出电压稳定,满足了级联型高压变频器的实际应用需求。

生物炭肥料主要养分元素含量及其产率的研究

为了探讨生物炭肥料的科学制备方法,筛选出适宜的生物炭肥料原料,收集了河南省多种果枝、粮经作物与蔬菜秸秆作为试验材料,对这些生物质原料的热解温度、原料与肥料营养元素含量、肥料产率进行了分析。结果表明:有7种果枝和作物蔬菜秸秆适合用于制作生物炭肥料,其中以果枝的含碳量较高,粮经作物和蔬菜秸秆的含碳量较低,果枝和秸秆中全氮、全磷、全钾含量的变化规律不明显。果枝和秸秆的热解温度会影响生物炭肥料的养分含量,生物炭肥料的产出率是确定热解温度的主要因素,热解温度过低则原料分解不充分,过高则生物炭肥料的产量低。生物炭肥料质量主成分分析结果表明,茄子秆、花生秆、葡萄枝比较适合作为制作生物炭肥料的原料,生物炭肥料生产技术的研发为农业废弃物资源化利用提供了技术支撑。

烘烤关键温度点稳温时间对高端烟叶产出率和品质的影响

为明确烘烤关键温度点稳温时间对高端烟叶产出率和品质的影响,确定有利于提升烟叶品质的关键参数,本文采用高效热泵烤房,延长变黄和定色阶段关键温度点的稳温时间,分析其对高端烟叶产出率、外观质量、物理特性及化学成分等指标的影响。结果表明,3个延长稳温时间处理的高端烟叶产出叶位主要集中在第7~8片叶,产出率均高于对照(CK),以变黄期关键温度点干球温度38.0℃和42.0℃稳温时间分别延长18 h和16 h时(处理H_(2))最高;烟叶的外观质量以变黄期关键温度点干球温度38.0℃和42.0℃稳温时间分别延长24 h和22 h时(处理H3)较好;3个处理烟叶的物理特性、化学成分均优于对照(CK),物理特性以处理H3较好,化学成分以处理H_(2)较好,处理H3次之。综上所述,延长烟叶烘烤变黄和定色阶段关键温度点稳温时间能提高高端烟叶产出率和品质,其中处理H_(2)高端烟叶产出率相对较高,处理H3烟叶内在品质较好。

北京蔬菜生产“三率”测算分析

通过测算分析北京市7种蔬菜土地产出率、劳动生产率、资源利用率(简称“三率”)现状,分析各类蔬菜生产和资源利用情况,与全国大中城市平均水平相比较,得到北京市蔬菜生产优势品种和需要发展品种。研究表明:优势蔬菜为设施番茄,相对优势蔬菜有两种,分别是露地茄子和设施茄子,待发展蔬菜有4种,分别为设施菜椒、露地大白菜、设施黄瓜、露地黄瓜,其中设施番茄种植水平较高,露地茄子和设施茄子有相对种植优势,设施黄瓜在产量提升层面有一定潜力;对比设施蔬菜和露地蔬菜“三率”发现,除农膜利用率外,设施蔬菜“三率”均显著高于露地蔬菜;与全国大中城市相比,农膜利用率大部分低于全国大中城市平均水平。基于此,从提高复种指数、加强技术培训、推动绿色生产等3个方面提出了提升北京蔬菜生产“三率”的建议。

具有多不确定性平面非线性系统的全局自适应调节

本文通过光滑输出反馈研究了一类具有不可测状态依赖增长的不确定平面非线性系统的全局自适应调节问题.本文的新颖之处主要在于考虑了未知增长率包含输出的多项式函数和只有下界已知的未知控制系数.受相关工作的启发,笔者利用通用控制思想和反推技术,提出了一种非辨识输出反馈控制方案.为了处理系统不确定性,本文引入了具有两个高增益的观测器,且两个动态高增益以新的形式在线调节.同时,引入了一种合适的估计律,克服了控制系数上界未知的困难.所设计的光滑控制器可以同时实现非线性系统状态的全局调节和闭环系统的全局有界.通过一个实例验证了该方法的有效性.

四腔混联压电泵结构设计与试验分析

为提高压电泵的输出性能,结合串并联结构压电泵的优点,提出一种四腔混联压电泵设计。在110 V,40~400 Hz范围的正弦交流电驱动下,对制作的试验样机进行气体介质、液体介质的输送性能试验。结果显示:压电泵输送空气时,压电振子的工作模式对输出性能的影响可忽略不计,最大输出流量可达3046 mL/min。压电泵输送液体水时,采用异步驱动,输出性能更好,驱动频率为140 Hz时输出流量达到最大,为1067 mL/min。试验结果为多腔体混联压电泵的实际应用提供一定参考。

连续无创血流动力学参数监测在脓毒症患者预后预测中的临床价值

目的探讨连续无创血流动力学参数监测在脓毒症患者预后预测中的临床价值。方法前瞻性选取2019年5月至2022年10月内江市第一人民医院收治的135例脓毒症患者,根据住院预后情况分为死亡组(n=32)和生存组(n=103)。于液体复苏前(T_(0))、液体复苏1 h(T_(1))、液体复苏2 h(T_(2))、液体复苏4 h(T_(3))时间点连续监测脓毒症患者无创血流动力学参数[心脏指数、心输出量、每搏输出量(SV)、每搏变异率(SVV)]变化,比较两组患者不同时间点的无创血流动力学参数变化;采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析影响脓毒症患者预后的因素;采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV在脓毒症患者预后预测中的价值。结果脓毒症患者T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV均高于T_(0)时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);T_(3)时心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV低于T_(2)时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时刻死亡组患者的心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV均明显低于生存组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV均是影响脓毒症患者预后的相关因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,T_(3)时刻心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV联合预测预后的曲线下面积(AUC)值(0.884)最大。结论无创血流动力学监测指标心脏指数、心输出量、SV、SVV可有效预测脓毒症患者预后,且联合检测预测预后的价值更高。

提高烧结矿产量生产实践

通过改善某企业360 m^(2)烧结机焦粉和返矿粒级、优化除尘灰配加方式、合理配矿、系统改进布料装置、实施低负压点火技术改造、加强烧结机系统漏风治理、加大主抽风机能力、提高冷却系统和成品系统的处理能力、提升设备和工艺技术水平、建立上下工序制约机制,烧结料层厚度由750 mm逐步提高至900 mm。烧结矿生产实现了厚料低碳低温烧结,内返配比由18%降低至13%以下,成品率提高4.2个百分点,烧结矿产量由12141 t/d提高至12893 t/d,烧结入炉比由78%提高至84%,为铁前降本增效取得可观的经济效益。

添加热压铁块对宝钢2号高炉生产的影响

为了探索减少高炉碳排放的新途径,在宝钢2号高炉进行了添加热压铁块工业试验。从炉况顺行、煤气流、透气性、煤气发生量、热制度、渣比、日产量、CO_(2)排放量等方面,阐述了添加热压铁块对2号高炉生产的影响。热压铁块比加到60kg/t后的结果表明:①随着热压铁块比的提升,炉况顺行得到改善,入炉品位提高,燃料比大幅降低,产量提升,取得了明显的增产降耗效果;②焦比由基准期的415kg/t降至353kg/t,燃料比从514kg/t降至最低488kg/t;③富氧率提升至4.255%,利用系数达到2.181t/(m^(3)·d),日产量较基准期提高5.9%。