Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an esterase and lactonase synthesized by the liver and found in the circulation associated with high-density lipoproteins. The physiological function of PON1 seems to be to degrade specific oxi...Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an esterase and lactonase synthesized by the liver and found in the circulation associated with high-density lipoproteins. The physiological function of PON1 seems to be to degrade specific oxidized cholesteryl esters and oxidized phospholipids in lipoproteins and cell membranes. PON1 is, therefore, an antioxidant enzyme. Alterations in circulating PON1 levels have been reported in a variety of diseases involving oxidative stress including chronic liver diseases. Measurement of serum PON1 activity has been proposed as a potential test for the evaluation of liver function. However, this measurement is still restricted to research and has not been extensively applied in routine clinical chemistry laboratories. The reason for this restriction is due to the problem that the substrate commonly used for PON1 measurement, paraoxon, is toxic and unstable. The recent development of new assays with non-toxic substrates makes this proposal closer to a practical development. The present editorial summarizes PON1 biochemistry and function, its involvement with chronic liver impairment, and some aspects related to the measurement of PON1 activity in circulation.展开更多
Paraoxonase-1(PON1)is an important enzyme in various pathologies such as pesticide poisoning,diabetes,atherosclerosis,neuronal disorders,and cancer,due to its multifunctional activity since it acts on different metabo...Paraoxonase-1(PON1)is an important enzyme in various pathologies such as pesticide poisoning,diabetes,atherosclerosis,neuronal disorders,and cancer,due to its multifunctional activity since it acts on different metabolites.However,one of its main functions is the hydrolysis of organophosphate(OP)compounds from pesticides that cause fatal poisoning at the level of the central nervous system(CNS).The objective of this review was to investigate whether the structure,genetics,and function of PON1 affect the metabolism of organophosphate pesticides or other abnormalities.Information was selected from articles in the database PubMed–NCBI(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/)with a publication date between 2011 and 2019.The enzymatic activity of PON1 can be modified depending on its chemical structure since there are different genetic polymorphisms that change PONI morphologies or the levels of expression in the bloodstream.This leads to differences in susceptibilities to organophosphate pesticide poisoning.The results of this review reveal that phenotypic variants of PON1 have differences in affinities for OP substrates.展开更多
基金supported by grants from The National Natural Science Foundation of China(81200985,81071005)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(11JJ3117)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry(2011508)~~
基金Supported by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria,FIS 00/0232,02/0430, 05/1607the Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ, C03/02,C03/08,G03/015the Generalitat de Catalunya,FI 05/00068
文摘Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an esterase and lactonase synthesized by the liver and found in the circulation associated with high-density lipoproteins. The physiological function of PON1 seems to be to degrade specific oxidized cholesteryl esters and oxidized phospholipids in lipoproteins and cell membranes. PON1 is, therefore, an antioxidant enzyme. Alterations in circulating PON1 levels have been reported in a variety of diseases involving oxidative stress including chronic liver diseases. Measurement of serum PON1 activity has been proposed as a potential test for the evaluation of liver function. However, this measurement is still restricted to research and has not been extensively applied in routine clinical chemistry laboratories. The reason for this restriction is due to the problem that the substrate commonly used for PON1 measurement, paraoxon, is toxic and unstable. The recent development of new assays with non-toxic substrates makes this proposal closer to a practical development. The present editorial summarizes PON1 biochemistry and function, its involvement with chronic liver impairment, and some aspects related to the measurement of PON1 activity in circulation.
文摘Paraoxonase-1(PON1)is an important enzyme in various pathologies such as pesticide poisoning,diabetes,atherosclerosis,neuronal disorders,and cancer,due to its multifunctional activity since it acts on different metabolites.However,one of its main functions is the hydrolysis of organophosphate(OP)compounds from pesticides that cause fatal poisoning at the level of the central nervous system(CNS).The objective of this review was to investigate whether the structure,genetics,and function of PON1 affect the metabolism of organophosphate pesticides or other abnormalities.Information was selected from articles in the database PubMed–NCBI(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/)with a publication date between 2011 and 2019.The enzymatic activity of PON1 can be modified depending on its chemical structure since there are different genetic polymorphisms that change PONI morphologies or the levels of expression in the bloodstream.This leads to differences in susceptibilities to organophosphate pesticide poisoning.The results of this review reveal that phenotypic variants of PON1 have differences in affinities for OP substrates.
