工程项目管理模式—Partnering模式的探讨

Partnering是国际上正在研究和推行的一种新的工程项目管理方式。针对目前研究成果更多的是从概念和理论层面对战略Partnering模式进行的研究和介绍,本文从工程项目全过程的角度论述了项目Partnering模式实施流程,提出项目Part-nering模式是战略Partnering模式的第一步,根据合作伙伴的特征将其划分为5个等级,提出了对Partnering实施过程绩效进行评价的效能监控表,以控制和监督项目执行过程中Partnering的效果,并分析了Partnering执行过程中存在的缺陷,最后阐述了项目Partnering模式和战略Partnering模式的联系和区别。

关于Partnering模式的几点认识

Partnering模式是项目管理中的一种较新的管理方法,本文重点分析Partnering模式中的相关术语。

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis need“partner”:Results based on a meta-analysis of preclinical studies

BACKGROUND The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in treating liver fibrosis has been demonstrated in several clinical studies.However,their low survival and liver implantation rates remain problematic.In recent years,a large number of studies in animal models of liver fibrosis have shown that MSCs combined with drugs can improve the efficacy of MSCs in the treatment of liver fibrosis alone and inhibit its progression to end-stage liver disease.This has inspired new ways of thinking about treating liver fibrosis.AIM To investigate the effectiveness and mechanisms of MSCs combined with drugs in treating liver fibrosis.METHODS Data sources included four electronic databases and were constructed until January 2024.The subjects,interventions,comparators,outcomes,and study design principle were used to screen the literature,and the quality of the literature was evaluated to assess the risk of bias.Relevant randomised controlled trials were selected,and the final 13 studies were included in the final study.RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included after screening.Pooled analysis showed that MSCs combined with drug therapy significantly improved liver function,promoted the repair of damaged liver tissues,reduced the level of liver fibrosis-related indexes,and effectively ameliorated hepatic fibrosis by modulating the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment,promoting the homing of MSCs,and regulating the relevant signaling pathways,and the treatment efficacy was superior to MSCs alone.However,the combined treatment statistics showed no amelioration in serum albumin levels(standardized mean difference=0.77,95%confidence interval:-0.13 to 1.68,P=0.09).CONCLUSION In conclusion,MSCs combined with drugs for treating liver fibrosis effectively make up for the shortcomings of MSCs in their therapeutic effects.However,due to the different drugs,the treatment mechanism and effect also differ.Therefore,more randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of different drugs in combination with MSCs,aiming to select the“best companion”of MSCs in treating hepatic fibrosis.

Graduation of Patients at the University:An Innovative Program to Train Patients as Care Partners in Oncology

This article presents the history and challenges of patient graduation,positioning it as a means of supporting patient engagement and user involvement in the healthcare system.A set of laws related to patient rights and healthcare quality allows for the integration of patients into the healthcare system,but they face the unpreparedness of institutions in this new field of practices.Patient graduation requires transformations in the modes of reception and financing of universities,as well as in the pedagogical methods that need to be tailored to the reception and training of individuals in vulnerable situations.The article provides a detailed description of the example,history,and effects of the creation of the first open diploma in oncology for patient partners in France and concludes by emphasizing the need for concrete mechanisms for social recognition of user engagement in the healthcare system.

Postpartum depression and partner support during the period of lactation:Correlation research and its influencing factors

BACKGROUND Postpartum depression(PPD)not only affects the psychological and physiological aspects of maternal health but can also affect neonatal growth and development.Partners who are in close contact with parturient women play a key role in communication and emotional support.This study explores the PPD support relationship with partners and its influencing factors,which is believed to establish psychological well-being and improve maternal partner support.AIM To explore the correlation between PPD and partner support during breastfeeding and its influencing factors.METHODS Convenience sampling was used to select lactating women(200 women)who underwent postpartum examinations at the Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from July 2022 to December 2022.A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the basic information(general information questionnaire),depression level[edinburgh postnatal depression scale(EPDS)],and partner support score[dyadic coping inventory(DCI)]of the selected subjects.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PPD and DCI in lactating women.Factors affecting PPD levels during lactation were analyzed using multiple linear regression.RESULTS The total average score of EPDS in 200 lactating women was(9.52±1.53),and the total average score of DCI was(115.78±14.90).Dividing the EPDS,the dimension scores were:emotional loss(1.91±0.52),anxiety(3.84±1.05),and depression(3.76±0.96).Each dimension of the DCI was subdivided into:Pressure communication(26.79±6.71),mutual support(39.76±9.63),negative support(24.97±6.68),agent support(6.87±1.92),and joint support(17.39±4.19).Pearson’s correlation analysis demonstrated that the total mean score and individual dimension scores of EPDS during breastfeeding were inversely correlated with the total score of partner support,stress communication,mutual support,and cosupport(P<0.05).The total mean score of the EPDS and its dimensions were positively correlated with negative support(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting PPD during breastfeeding were marital harmony,newborn health,stress communication,mutual support,negative support,cosupport,and the total score of partner support(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PPD during breastfeeding was associated with marital harmony,newborn health,stress communication,mutual support,negative support,joint support,and the total DCI score.

工程项目组合管理的战略Partnering模式

为了提高工程项目组合管理的综合效益,将战略Partnering模式应用于工程项目组合管理中。通过对战略Partnering模式概念和特点的分析,设计了战略Partnering模式的组织结构,提出了战略Partnering模式的工作流程,详述了战略Partnering工程项目组合管理机制应包括信任机制、沟通机制、协作机制、利益机制与调节机制,对战略Partnering模式在建筑企业中的应用起到了一定的示范作用。

China Remains Africa’s Top Trading Partner

China has remained Africa’s largest trading partner for 15 consecutive years,with bilateral trade reaching a record$282.1 billion in 2023,Ministry of Commerce official Jiang Wei said at a press conference on 31 January.Economic and trade cooperation is the ballast and propeller of China-Africa relations,he said.

Research on Partner Selection in Enterprise Innovation Ecosystem

In the face of fierce market competition,enterprises must ensure the competitiveness of their products or services through technological innovation.However,the complexity of technology often surpasses the capabilities of individual enterprises,leading them to deepen cooperation with other organizations.The entities within the enterprise innovation ecosystem depend on each other,collaborate closely,and rely on core enterprises to integrate resources,thereby creating system value and enhancing competitiveness.The purpose of this paper is to explore the process of selecting appropriate ecosystem partners.It begins by providing an overview of relevant concepts,characteristics,selection factors,and methods.Subsequently,it analyzes the roles,resources,and synergy evolution of the entities within the ecosystem.An evaluation system encompassing operation,core,synergy,and development capability is then established.This system comprises 16 indicators,including organization scale and reputation,and is accompanied by a hierarchical evaluation model.Finally,the validity of the evaluation system is confirmed through empirical analysis,utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

国际工程项目管理新模式——Partnering模式研究

项目管理模式是影响工程项目成功的关键因素,传统工程项目管理模式存在不足,近年来在发达国家和地区常用伙伴关系(Partnering模式)。在分析Partnering模式基本要素和类型的基础上,研究了Partnering模式的组织结构、工作流程和主要运作内容。

Partnering模式的基本思想及实施措施

指出Partnering模式是工程项目管理模式的重大创新,其基本思想与"设计—招标—建造"模式、"设计—建造"模式和"CM模式"等传统模式完全不同,比较了Partnering模式与三种传统模式的基本思想,分析了实施Partnering模式所采取的协议、组织等实施措施,以期为引入Partnering模式提供有益的参考。

Partnering模式的基本思想及实施措施

Partnering模式是工程项目管理模式的重大创新，其基本思想与“设计-招标-建造”模式、“设计-建造”模式乖“CM模式”等传统模式完全不同。它建立了共同的项目目标，使项目各方重新定位，协作实现项目目标，最终使参与各方的利益得以实现。本文比较了Partriering模式与三种传统模式的基本思想，分析了实施Partnering模式所采取的协议、组织等实施措施，以期为引入Partnering模式提供有益的参考。

建设工程项目Partnering管理方式探究

近十多年来Partnering已成为在国际上得到成功实践的一种新的工程项目管理方式。本文诠释了Partnering管理方式的核心内容,提出了Partnering管理方式的工作流程;构造了以Partnering协议为基础,以Partnering管理为手段,以目标实现机制为核心的项目管理机制框架模型。分析Partnering管理方式化解建设工程项目信息不对称冲突、工程变更冲突、项目要素关系冲突及发挥合作性资源效益的机理。列举了我国岭澳核电建设工程应用Partnering管理理念的成功实践经验。提出我国要引入Partnering管理方式需要建立诚信制度、合同创新,需要得到政府的重视和业主的推动。

Partnering项目合作伙伴选择的群组决策方法

针对Partnering项目合作伙伴选择决策问题,在构建Partnering合作伙伴选择的多属性评价指标体系的基础上,提出基于熵权和特征值法的群组决策模型。基于决策者决策矩阵信息,引入熵权理论进行数据挖掘,确定群体决策者属性权重;将群体决策者对合作伙伴多属性决策的集结值组成矩阵,采用特征值法确定最优决策者的评分向量。通过对评分向量的比较得出Partnering合作伙伴选择的最优决策结论。本文算例验证了模型的可行性和实用性。

PARTNERING模式最佳实践研究——工作流程再设计

建筑项目一般都比较复杂,还存在许多不可预计的风险。建筑界存在着诸如在工程参与各方之间缺乏协作,相互信任度低以及沟通交流效率低等问题,这些导致了工程参与各方之间的对立关系。作为一个创新性的工程承发包模式,在过去的20年内,Partnering模式越来越多地在建筑项目中得到应用,它更好地达到了项目目标,并很大程度上减少了冲突和纠纷。对香港近期完成的6个主要Partnering项目进行案例分析,总结使用Partnering模式建筑项目的关键成功要素以及实施的主要障碍。对Partnering模式流程进行重新设计,为更好地在建筑项目中实施Partnering模式提供了方便。在本次研究的成果基础上,设计了一个Partnering模式"最佳实践"的框架结构,建议我国建筑界业者在今后的建筑项目中实施Partnering模式时加以应用。

基于Partnering模式下承包商选择与合作项目绩效的关系研究

本文构建了Partnering模式下建筑项目的承包商选择、合作伙伴关系与合作项目绩效之间关系的理论模型。以辽宁地区建筑企业为调查对象,利用结构方程模型对研究假设进行了验证。实证结果表明:Partnering模式下,建筑项目中恰当的承包商选择对合作项目绩效有显著的促进作用;良好的合作伙伴关系对合作项目绩效有积极的促进作用;并在承包商选择与合作项目绩效之间的关系中起到部分中介作用。此外,项目的合作伙伴关系对于战略的合作伙伴关系也有显著的促进作用。

应用Partner支架完成Crush技术治疗冠脉分叉病变的即刻及近期随访结果

目的评价国产西罗莫司药物洗脱支架（Partner）完成Crush技术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法冠状动脉造影证实为冠状动脉真性分叉病变（Medina分型为1．1．1），主支和分支均选择Partner支架完成Crush技术，术后6月进行冠状动脉造影随访。结果共30例患者入选，冠脉分叉病变31处。患者平均年龄（61．7±11．2）岁，其中男性占66．7％。31处分叉病变分布：前降支与对角支51．6％，左主干与前降支和回旋支32．3％，右冠脉左室后侧支与后降支9．7％，回旋支与钝缘支6．5％。非顺应性球囊高压扩张占58．1％，最后完成球囊对吻技术96．8％。主支和分支置人支架（1．50±0．55）枚和（1．10±0．34）枚，支架长度为（37．2±1．2）mm和（21．6±0．83）mm，支架直径为（3．27±0．51）mm和（2．76±0．48）mm。近期随访主要心血管事件（MACE）的发生率为3.3％。结论西罗莫司洗脱支架Partner完成Crush技术治疗冠脉分叉病变是安全、有效的，而且相对低的医疗费用使国产西罗莫司洗脱支架Partner在复杂病变中的应用更具有吸引力。

工程管理Partnering模式中信任机制的博弈分析

运用博弈理论的有关原理,分别研究了传统的建设工程合同双方的信任机制和Partnering模式下双方的信任机制,论证了目前普遍应用的传统建设工程合同双方的合作信任关系是一种非常不稳定的低效合作关系,而Partnering模式下的信任机制才是真正稳定的。

我国应用Partnering模式创新研究

比较了国际国内传统的项目管理模式与Partnering模式,指出目前国内的项目管理模式存在的不足,并提出我国在若干项目实行Partnering新模式的可行性,并在借鉴国外成功做法的基础上提出了符合我国现阶段特征的改进和创新,提出两段式的创新Partnering模式。

Partnering模式中信任合作机制研究

在诠释建设工程Partnering模式中信任合作机制的基础上,运用蜈蚣博弈模型研究Partnering模式中信任合作机制产生和存在的必然性。研究表明,由于长期利益的驱动,Partnering模式各参与方不会为了追求任何短期的机会主义行为所得,而破坏彼此之间的信任合作机制;Partnering模式中的信任合作机制具有降低交易成本、产生速度经济、避免过度竞争和挖掘合作性资源潜在价值等现实意义。提出,应从建立诚信制度与失信惩罚机制、发展建筑产业集群、建立科学合作评审机制和高效信息传播沟通渠道等方面,促进信任合作机制的建立。

Partnering项目融资风险分担研究

Partnering为项目的实施提供了一个全新的理念,相对于传统的承发包和项目管理模式拥有更多的优越性,但对融资风险仍无法规避。文章分析了Partnering模式下存在的融资风险,确立了基于效率和公平的风险分担原则,构建Partnering项目风险分担指标体系。结合灰色关联分析法和熵权法建立了一个风险分担模型,使得项目融资风险得到有效、合理地分担。通过实例证明了模型的有效性和可操作性,并指出了该模型内部风险分担尚存在一定的局限性。