A general equation is proposed for predicting the liquid viscosities of petroleum fractions based on a generalized pseudocompound method in which pure hydrocarbons and undefined hydrocarbon mixtures or petroleum fract...A general equation is proposed for predicting the liquid viscosities of petroleum fractions based on a generalized pseudocompound method in which pure hydrocarbons and undefined hydrocarbon mixtures or petroleum fractions are treated as a hypothetical pure substance called pseudocompound which is characterized only by a boiling point and a density. The equation is tested by using the liquid viscosities of the petroleum fractions of typical American crude oils and crude oils from major oil producing areas. Good agreement between the predicted and experimental viscosities for the petroleum fractions is obtained.展开更多
True Boiling Point （TBP） distillation is one of the most common experimental techniques for determination of petroleum properties. The methods for performing TBP distillation experiments are described by ASTM D2892 ...True Boiling Point （TBP） distillation is one of the most common experimental techniques for determination of petroleum properties. The methods for performing TBP distillation experiments are described by ASTM D2892 and by ASTM D5236. However, these methods are established for petroleum fractions that reach temperatures up to 565 ~C. In this work, two petroleum residues were distilled in a falling film molecular distillation prototype and the data were used to obtain the extension of the TBP curve above a temperature of 565 ~C. It was possible to extend the TBP curve of both petroleum up to temperatures close to 700 ~C with consistency and continuity in comparison to the standard curve. In addition, an amount of raw material that was been treated as residue could be reused.展开更多
In order to develop natural antibacterial agents,the antibacterial activity of Aspergillusnigerxj was investigated.After being cultured in potato dextrose liquid medium liquid medium,mycelia was under heating reflux e...In order to develop natural antibacterial agents,the antibacterial activity of Aspergillusnigerxj was investigated.After being cultured in potato dextrose liquid medium liquid medium,mycelia was under heating reflux extraction with 90% ethanol.Removal of ethanol under reduced pressure gave a residue,to which water was added and then extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate.In vacuo evaporation of the solvents yielded three crude extracts.Then the disc diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activity of these extracts.The petroleum ether extract with antibacterial activity was separated by silica gel column chromatography method,then separated and identified by GC-MS after been methyl esterified.At the concentration of 50 mg /mL,the petroleum ether extract of mycelia exhibited inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus.The petroleum ether extract from Aspergillusnigerxj mycelia contained natural substances with antibacterial activity and fatty acids are the main constituents in it.展开更多
Thirty one trace elements were determined in the petroleum and its fractions of 250℃ - 350℃, 350℃ - 450℃ and up 450℃ by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Such analyses are important for te...Thirty one trace elements were determined in the petroleum and its fractions of 250℃ - 350℃, 350℃ - 450℃ and up 450℃ by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Such analyses are important for technical diagnostics as well as specific sample characteristics. The sample preparation together with an efficient sample introduction allowed a fast quantification of the analytes using calibration curves prepared with analyte organic standards. Trace element occurrences, forms, distributions are examined as well as their implications in terms of reservoir geochemistry, oil refining and environment.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the SINOPEC.
文摘A general equation is proposed for predicting the liquid viscosities of petroleum fractions based on a generalized pseudocompound method in which pure hydrocarbons and undefined hydrocarbon mixtures or petroleum fractions are treated as a hypothetical pure substance called pseudocompound which is characterized only by a boiling point and a density. The equation is tested by using the liquid viscosities of the petroleum fractions of typical American crude oils and crude oils from major oil producing areas. Good agreement between the predicted and experimental viscosities for the petroleum fractions is obtained.
文摘True Boiling Point （TBP） distillation is one of the most common experimental techniques for determination of petroleum properties. The methods for performing TBP distillation experiments are described by ASTM D2892 and by ASTM D5236. However, these methods are established for petroleum fractions that reach temperatures up to 565 ~C. In this work, two petroleum residues were distilled in a falling film molecular distillation prototype and the data were used to obtain the extension of the TBP curve above a temperature of 565 ~C. It was possible to extend the TBP curve of both petroleum up to temperatures close to 700 ~C with consistency and continuity in comparison to the standard curve. In addition, an amount of raw material that was been treated as residue could be reused.
基金Supported by Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Guizhou University(2011012)Guizhou Agricultural Science and Technology Plan Program(20113053)+1 种基金Special Fund of Bijie Circular Economy Research Institute(2010ZK009)Guizhou Science and Technology Fund(20102065)
文摘In order to develop natural antibacterial agents,the antibacterial activity of Aspergillusnigerxj was investigated.After being cultured in potato dextrose liquid medium liquid medium,mycelia was under heating reflux extraction with 90% ethanol.Removal of ethanol under reduced pressure gave a residue,to which water was added and then extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate.In vacuo evaporation of the solvents yielded three crude extracts.Then the disc diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activity of these extracts.The petroleum ether extract with antibacterial activity was separated by silica gel column chromatography method,then separated and identified by GC-MS after been methyl esterified.At the concentration of 50 mg /mL,the petroleum ether extract of mycelia exhibited inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus.The petroleum ether extract from Aspergillusnigerxj mycelia contained natural substances with antibacterial activity and fatty acids are the main constituents in it.
文摘Thirty one trace elements were determined in the petroleum and its fractions of 250℃ - 350℃, 350℃ - 450℃ and up 450℃ by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Such analyses are important for technical diagnostics as well as specific sample characteristics. The sample preparation together with an efficient sample introduction allowed a fast quantification of the analytes using calibration curves prepared with analyte organic standards. Trace element occurrences, forms, distributions are examined as well as their implications in terms of reservoir geochemistry, oil refining and environment.
