Late Silurian to Early Devonian Palynomorphs from Qujing,Yunnan,Southwest China

Well-preserved and diversified spores,cryptospores,and acritarchs have been recorded from a relatively continuous sequence that encompasses the Silurian-Devonian boundary in Qujing, Yunnan,southwest China.Four spore assemblage zones from Late Silurian to Early Devonian in age are proposed based on the first appearance datum（FAD）of characteristic spore species.In ascending stratigraphic order,they are Ambitisporites dilutus-Apiculiretusispora synorea（DS;Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli）,Synorisporites verrucatus-Apiculiretusispora plicata（VP;Pridoli）,Apiculiretusispora minuta-Leiotriletes ornatus（MO;Lochkovian）,and Verrucosisporites polygonalis-Dibolisporites wetteldorfensis（PW;Pragian）.The acritarch assemblage from the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation,the Xiaxishancun Formation,and the lower-middle parts of the Xitun Formation indicates an age of Late Silurian.Based on palynological evidence,the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation is considered Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli in age;the Xiaxishancun Formation is believed to be Pridoli in age;the Xitun Formation is considered Late Pridoli to Early Lochkovian in age;the Guijiatun Formation is considered Lochkovian in age;and the Xujiachong Formation is Late Lochkovian to Pragian in age.The Silurian-Devonian boundary is recognized between the VP and the MO spore biozones,and occurs within the middle part of the Xitun Formation.

Risk Regionalization of Drought for Flue-cured Tobacco Planting in Qujing City Based on GIS

The risk regionalization of drought for flue-cured tobacco planting in Qujing City was studied to provide reference for drawing on advantages and avoiding disadvantages in flue-cured tobacco planting,disaster reduction,and disaster relief services.According to the production practice of flue-cured tobacco and local climate analysis,the risk of disaster-causing factors,sensitivity of disaster-breeding environment,vulnerability of carriers,and disaster prevention and reduction capability were analyzed and evaluated quantitatively.Secondly,starting from the formation mechanism of drought,a risk assessment model of the meteorological disaster was established by GIS technology.Finally,the risk assessment and regionalization of drought in the critical periods for drought-stricken flue-cured tobacco (transplanting period,root extending stage and vigorous growth period) in Qujing City were carried out.The results showed that in Qujing City,the risk areas of drought for flue-cured tobacco planting were divided into five grades in the transplanting period and six grades in the root extending stage and vigorous growth period.

Analysis of the Appearance Quality of Tobacco Leaves in the Tobacco-growing Areas of Qujing City

In order to set up the digitization indices system of appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Qujing. According to the relevant standards,the quantitative analysis on appearance quality of 39 cutter and upper tobacco leaf samples which were collected from eight fluecured tobacco production regions of Qujing City,Yunnan Province were carried out in 2011,respectively. The results showed that the difference in evaluation score of appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco in eight regions was not significant. The tobacco leaves had high maturity,high oil content,loose structure and good appearance quality. The scores of appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco in Shizong County and Malong County are higher than other regions. The two regions are suitable for tobacco plantation. The preliminary digitization indices provide reference and guidance to tobacco production and standards system of tobacco leaves base.

Risk Regionalization of Low-temperature Disasters for Flue-cured Tobacco Planting in Qujing Area Based on GIS

There is a prominent,complex and diverse three-dimensional climate and a variety of meteorological disasters in Qujing area. The risk zoning of low-temperature disasters for flue-cured tobacco planting in Qujing area was studied to provide reference for drawing on advantages and avoiding disadvantages in flue-cured tobacco planting,disaster reduction,and disaster relief services. According to the production practice of fluecured tobacco and local climate analysis,it was determined that flue-cured tobacco in Qujing area was very vulnerable to low temperature during the seedling stage（ from early February to middle April） and in the mature period（ from early July to early September）. Based on the quantitative analysis and evaluation of risk of disaster-causing factors,sensitivity of disaster-breeding environment,vulnerability of carriers,and disaster prevention and reduction capability,a risk assessment model of meteorological disasters was established to precisely evaluate and zone the risk of low-temperature disasters for flue-cured tobacco planting in allusion to the seedling and mature stage in Qujing area by using GIS technology. The risk of lowtemperature disasters for flue-cured tobacco planting during the two periods was divided into four grades,namely low,medium,high and very high risk.

Analysis of Characteristics of Hail Disaster and a Typical Hail Suppression Process in Qujing City

Based on the data of hail disaster in Qujing City and the detection data of the new generation of Doppler weather radar, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hail disaster and hail suppression operations in Qujing City were analyzed statistically, and the hail suppression operations of a typical cell case was analyzed. The results showed that the number of hail days and hail frequency showed an increasing trend in Qujing City from 2017 to 2022, and the number of artificial hail suppression operations increased accordingly. Hail disaster occurred most frequently in Xuanwei City. Through the analysis of hail suppression operations of a typical cell case, it is found that the operations were timely, and the location was reasonable. The ammunition used was sufficient, and the overall effect of the hail suppression operations was good.

安徽潜山晚古新世鼩鼱目(哺乳纲)一新属

记述了在安徽省潜山盆地晚古新世地层中发现的晌髓类的一个新属新种──李氏皖掠兽(Ｗａｎｏｌｅｓｔｅｓ ｌｉｉ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．)。新属以ｐ４臼齿化程度低,下颊齿跟座脊状,仅具两个下臼齿为其特点。

臭鼩鼱在鼠疫宿主地位上的探讨

1982—1986年云南省陇川、瑞丽鼠间鼠疫流行期间,通过同期对臭鼩鼱和黄胸鼠平均检菌阳性率比较,前者0.11%,后者为4.26%,两者显著差别(P>0.01)。毒杀黄胸鼠后,臭鼩鼱的数量比例由6—18.84%上升为45—73.6%,检菌数逐年增多。超过灭鼠前近1倍,结果均未检出鼠疫菌,亦未发生大批自毙臭鼩鼱。同时,染蚤率及鼠体蚤指数臭鼩鼱明显低于黄胸鼠。为此,据目前资料分析,认为臭鼩鼱的染疫是鼠疫动物病流行期中鼠疫的牺牲者,它不可能是云南家鼠鼠疫的主要宿主。

臭鼩鼱的分布和季节消长调查

本文报告了广州某部营区臭鼩鼱活动场所、数量分布和季节消长规律。调查表明,其主要活动在办公楼、伙房、鸡舍等处;密度呈季节性变化,每年9～11月最高,12月至次年1～2月份最低,3月份后又逐渐回升。其与家栖鼠的比例受普通灭鼠毒饵的影响,亦随家栖鼠密度的降升而变化。

臭鼩鼱昼夜活动规律的观察

本文于1991年3～12月在驻广州市郊某部营区,用九格粉板法观察了臭鼩鼱昼夜活动规律。结果表明,臭鼩鼱平均每小时踏格数7.13个。18～3时踏格数占昼夜踏格数的99.56%;其中上半夜占昼夜踏格数的37.72%,下半夜占61.84%,夜间有两个活动高峰,上半夜在办公楼和伙房人为干扰较少时,其活动高峰为20～22时,在宿舍人为干扰较大条件下,活动高峰为22～24时;下半夜其在3个场所的活动高峰为2～4时。从不同月份活动高峰看,3、12月上半夜为20～22时,6月份为22～24时;3、6、9月下半夜均在2～1时,12月在4～3时。不同场所昼夜活动数量是,办公楼>伙房>鸡舍>宿舍;不同时间活动数量,9月>6月>3月>12月。其昼夜活动受褐家鼠影响较大。

中国鮈鲭在我国最东分布及对其中名的商榷

本文于辽宁省凤城市凤凰山旅游区采到３号标本，该动物全身覆棕褐色毛，背毛具棕黄色毛尖，腹毛尖色略浅，为淡黄色，背、腹面毛色在体侧无明显分界，头骨上、下颌有３２枚牙齿，上颌第１单尖齿明显大于第２单尖齿，第３、４单尖齿等大，但明显小于第２单尖齿，齿尖均染栗红色，上颌第５单尖齿很小，也明显染有少量栗红色；经鉴定为ＳｏｒｅｘｓｉｎａｌｉｓＴｈｏｍａｓ，１９１２。此种在我国的分布区应向东扩大至辽宁省的千山山地。中名被称作欧明显不妥，建议订正为中华。

记山西榆社上新世鼩鼱科两新种

本文记述了山西榆社盆地上新世鼩鼱科的两个新种：Peisorexpliocaenicussp.nov.,Soriculuspraecursussp.nov.,并列出了该盆地晚新生代地层中采集到的其它食虫类名单。

臭鼩鼱喜食诱饵配制毒饵的灭效观察

随着灭鼠工作的深入开展,鼠类密度不断下降,食虫目臭鼩鼱的密度则呈上升趋势,甚至成为优势种。国内外资料证实,臭鼩鼱的防制和鼠类防制一样重要。但以往毒杀鼠类使用的粮食类、水果类毒饵,对臭鼩鼱的灭效很差。为此,我们于1991年1月至1992年9月,在港区进行了甘氟毒杀臭鼩鼱用诱饵配制毒饵的适口性选择和灭效观察。结果如下:

臭鼩鼱的选食性试验和药饵毒效观察

作者等在实验室和现场对臭鼩鼱的选食性及溴敌隆毒饵的灭效进行了观察。结果表明,其对猪肉+米饭与牛肉+米饭有同样的适口性,花生油作为引诱剂可明显提高饵料的摄食量。实验室以0.005%溴敌隆猪肉米饭毒饵连续喂饲臭鼩鼱2天,其毒杀率为100%;现场连续投毒6天,其灭效达96.56%,而对鼠类的灭效仅为20.53%。

毒杀臭鼩鼱用基饵及引诱剂的选择

为了筛选毒杀臭鼩鼱用基饵,对当地常见的10种动物性、9种植物性食物及其6种混合物,进行了实验室和现场试验。结果表明,动物性以沙虫、牛肉,植物性以南瓜、米饭,混合物以牛肉加米饭的适口性最好。若同时考虑到来源、价格及适口性等诸因素,作者认为宜选牛肉与米饭的混合物作基饵配制毒饵;在四种引诱剂中,花生油和猪油均可提高牛肉加米饭混合饵的适口性,以前者更好。

氯敌鼠对臭鼩鼱的毒力和适口性

本文介绍了氯敌鼠对臭鼯鼱的毒力测定和适口性观察结果。该药对臭鼩鼱的3次口服LD_50及其95%可信限为2.7037(1.7657～3.6417)mg/kg,直线回归方程为Y=4.1046+2.0728X。200ppm的氯敌鼠毒饵对臭鼩鼱有较强的毒性和良好的适口性(摄食系数大于0.3)。

敌溴灵对臭鼩鼱的毒力测定和适口性观察

本文报道了敌溴灵对臭鼩鼱的毒力测定和适口性观察的结果。用孙瑞元介绍的方法测定,该药对臭鼩鼱的急性口服LD_50及其95%可信限为7.7784(4.6246～10.6322)mg/kg,直线回归方程为Y=1.2124+4.2525X。10和25ppm的敌溴灵毒饵对臭鼩鼱有较强的毒性和很好的适口性(摄食系数大于0.3)。但敌溴灵易引起臭鼩鼱呕吐为其缺点。