This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable characte...This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable character. In the introduction, the author reviews the critical history of The Siege of Rhodes （1661）. The section ＂The Siege＂ is concerned with the Sultan＇s attitude to war and his behavior towards his foes, which is marked by ambition and valor. In the section ＂Victory＂, the author traces Solyman＇s generosity and mercy towards the defeated Rhodians. Ianthe and Alphonso dominate the ＂Characters＂ sections, which reveal how both characters play a central role in stressing Solyman＇s honorable conduct in war and peace. The dramatic centre of the play, as highlighted by the author, is Solyman＇s honorable character. With such dramatization Davenant departs from the conventional presentation of Turks as moral and political transgressors.展开更多
At his death in 1902, Cecil Rhodes left an enormous amount of money to his alma mater, Oxford University to fund arguably the most recognized and prestigious scholarship in the world, the Rhodes Scholarship. Formally ...At his death in 1902, Cecil Rhodes left an enormous amount of money to his alma mater, Oxford University to fund arguably the most recognized and prestigious scholarship in the world, the Rhodes Scholarship. Formally established one year after his passing, the grant quickly became the most famous educational award in the English-speaking world. Every year, 32 American college seniors are selected to study at Oxford University.1 Many of these elite men have returned from England to distinguish themselves in their chosen fields. Indeed the list of recipients reads like a Who＇s Who of American Leadership. Politicians such as senators J. William Fulbright and Bill Bradley, former President Bill Clinton, public policy analysts Robert Reich and George Stephanopoulos, writer Robert Penn Warren, as well as Supreme Court Justices Bryon White and David Souter, to name but a few, all achieved the status of Rhodes Scholars, a designation that has followed them thorough their respective and impressive careers （Schaeper ＆ Schaeper, 1998）. Undoubtedly, this scholarship has had an enormous impact on the individuals who have been deemed worthy of its selection. Today, selection as a Rhodes Scholar is widely considered a golden ticket to future success for its recipients.展开更多
Rhodes is one of the most forested islands of Greece, in the Prefecture of Dodecanese, in southeast of Aegean Sea. The island in recent times has been struck by big and devastating fires. After 1993, the local Forest ...Rhodes is one of the most forested islands of Greece, in the Prefecture of Dodecanese, in southeast of Aegean Sea. The island in recent times has been struck by big and devastating fires. After 1993, the local Forest Service and the local political authority have adopted a new prevention and suppression system relied on the fast fire detection and suppression at its initial stages. By the present research, comparing the results of 1993-2006 （a time span when the above method was applied） with the results of the immediately precedent equal time of 1978-1992, was made certain that the firefighting system applied after 1993 had very good results irrespective from the primary agency in charge of extinguishing the forest fires. Among others, it was made clear that, during the period that this method was applied, a much less area was burnt per year than the period before the application in spite of the fact that in the same period （1993-2006） there has been a significant increase of forest fires. It is also estimated that the economic damage occurred in the first period （1978-1992） on average was 12.4 times per year higher compared to the second period （1993-2006）.展开更多
Benefits of the red seaweed <i>Asparagopsis</i> <i>taxiformis</i> as an ingredient to manage methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to ev...Benefits of the red seaweed <i>Asparagopsis</i> <i>taxiformis</i> as an ingredient to manage methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to evolve. <i>Asparagopsis</i> has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH<sub>4</sub> emissions <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% Rhodes grass (RG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of RG/BG and inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> such that CH<sub>4</sub> production decreased with increasing <i>Asparagopsis</i> independent of RG/BG;however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of BG. Thus, the level of <i>Asparagopsis</i> required to completely inhibit CH<sub>4</sub> production <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> was decreased with decreasing RG/BG. Increasing the duration of fermentation had greatest effect on CH<sub>4</sub> at C, L, and LM levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i> independent of RG/BG, although magnitude of CH<sub>4</sub> production was greater for higher proportions of BG for the C and L levels. Digestibility of <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> substrate increased with fermentation duration and increasing BG;however, there was no change associated with inclusion levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i>. Increases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substrate, increasing inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> had little effect on tVFA. The acetic and propionic acid ratio (AA:PA) decreased with decreasing RG/BG and increasing <i>Asparagopsis</i>. This pattern was most pronounced with 100% BG and MH-H <i>Asparagopsis</i> levels. Compared to control, there was decrease in the AA:PA ratio with addition of even L levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i> and with L compared to LM inclusion levels. Increasing levels of BG and <i>Asparagopsis</i> resulted in significant decreases in AA:PA ratios and CH4 production. This study has confirmed that gradient levels (ratio) of grass and grain in a feed mix impact the antimethanogenic efficacy of <i>Asparagopsis</i> during <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> fermentation with rumen fluid.展开更多
一前言在微生物杀虫剂中,苏芸金杆菌是最成功的商品制剂。活孢子和足量的σ-內毒素是该产品主要的毒素成分。众所周知,产品的毒力是根据菌株(不同菌株及同一菌株的不同株系)、培养基和生长条件的不同而异(Dulmage and Rhodes,1971)。但...一前言在微生物杀虫剂中,苏芸金杆菌是最成功的商品制剂。活孢子和足量的σ-內毒素是该产品主要的毒素成分。众所周知,产品的毒力是根据菌株(不同菌株及同一菌株的不同株系)、培养基和生长条件的不同而异(Dulmage and Rhodes,1971)。但是,使用相同菌株在体外和体内条件下的培养物所进行的毒性比较尚未见报道。最近。展开更多
Feed scarcity is a major challenge in smallholder production systems especially during the dry season. Sweet potato vines (SPV) contribute over 40% of the crop residues fed to dairy cattle but they are highly perishab...Feed scarcity is a major challenge in smallholder production systems especially during the dry season. Sweet potato vines (SPV) contribute over 40% of the crop residues fed to dairy cattle but they are highly perishable resulting into losses of about 24% per season. Ensiling SPV mitigates seasonal feed shortages and assists in coping with seasonal feed price fluctuations. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sweet potato vines silage (SPVS) supplementation on the performance of lactating Ankole × Friesian crossbred dairy cattle. Four primiparous cows in early lactation were randomly allotted a basal diet of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay supplemented with dairy pellets and four graded levels of SPVS (0, 100, 200 and 300 g/kg of the daily ration) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The animals were given a one-week adaptation period followed by a two weeks data collection period for each diet. Dry matter intake (DMI), live weight changes, milk yield and composition were determined. Dry matter intake improved with addition of SPVS (P ≤ 0.05), with intake being highest (11.9 kg) in cows that were fed the highest SPVS level and lowest in cows that were not given SPVS (6.8 kg). Although animals on diets with 0, 100, 200 g of SPVS/kg of daily ration lost weight, there were no significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) in body weight changes across all treatments. Milk yield increased with SPVS supplementation by 1.5 - 1.7 kg per cow per day but there were no significant differences between the different SPVS supplementation levels. Milk fat and solids-non-fat differed (P ≤ 0.05) across the four diets but there was no consistent trend observed. Considering profit margins, supplementing dairy cows with SPVS at a level of 100 g/kg of daily ration was the most profitable at Uganda shillings 1290 (0.344 USD) per cow per day. In conclusion, SPVS supplementation improved DMI and milk yield but supplementation beyond 100 g/kg of the daily feed intake was not cost-effective.展开更多
文摘This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable character. In the introduction, the author reviews the critical history of The Siege of Rhodes （1661）. The section ＂The Siege＂ is concerned with the Sultan＇s attitude to war and his behavior towards his foes, which is marked by ambition and valor. In the section ＂Victory＂, the author traces Solyman＇s generosity and mercy towards the defeated Rhodians. Ianthe and Alphonso dominate the ＂Characters＂ sections, which reveal how both characters play a central role in stressing Solyman＇s honorable conduct in war and peace. The dramatic centre of the play, as highlighted by the author, is Solyman＇s honorable character. With such dramatization Davenant departs from the conventional presentation of Turks as moral and political transgressors.
文摘At his death in 1902, Cecil Rhodes left an enormous amount of money to his alma mater, Oxford University to fund arguably the most recognized and prestigious scholarship in the world, the Rhodes Scholarship. Formally established one year after his passing, the grant quickly became the most famous educational award in the English-speaking world. Every year, 32 American college seniors are selected to study at Oxford University.1 Many of these elite men have returned from England to distinguish themselves in their chosen fields. Indeed the list of recipients reads like a Who＇s Who of American Leadership. Politicians such as senators J. William Fulbright and Bill Bradley, former President Bill Clinton, public policy analysts Robert Reich and George Stephanopoulos, writer Robert Penn Warren, as well as Supreme Court Justices Bryon White and David Souter, to name but a few, all achieved the status of Rhodes Scholars, a designation that has followed them thorough their respective and impressive careers （Schaeper ＆ Schaeper, 1998）. Undoubtedly, this scholarship has had an enormous impact on the individuals who have been deemed worthy of its selection. Today, selection as a Rhodes Scholar is widely considered a golden ticket to future success for its recipients.
文摘Rhodes is one of the most forested islands of Greece, in the Prefecture of Dodecanese, in southeast of Aegean Sea. The island in recent times has been struck by big and devastating fires. After 1993, the local Forest Service and the local political authority have adopted a new prevention and suppression system relied on the fast fire detection and suppression at its initial stages. By the present research, comparing the results of 1993-2006 （a time span when the above method was applied） with the results of the immediately precedent equal time of 1978-1992, was made certain that the firefighting system applied after 1993 had very good results irrespective from the primary agency in charge of extinguishing the forest fires. Among others, it was made clear that, during the period that this method was applied, a much less area was burnt per year than the period before the application in spite of the fact that in the same period （1993-2006） there has been a significant increase of forest fires. It is also estimated that the economic damage occurred in the first period （1978-1992） on average was 12.4 times per year higher compared to the second period （1993-2006）.
文摘素有＂本科生诺贝尔奖＂之美誉的罗德奖学金（Rhodes Scholarships）,近日在中国大陆地区正式开放其2017年的奖学金申请名额。罗德奖学金由罗德基金会设立。罗德基金会成立于1903年,根据施素·罗德（Cecil Rhodes）遗愿中的条款以及随后英国的国会法案（Acts of Parliament）创建,
文摘Benefits of the red seaweed <i>Asparagopsis</i> <i>taxiformis</i> as an ingredient to manage methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to evolve. <i>Asparagopsis</i> has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH<sub>4</sub> emissions <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% Rhodes grass (RG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of RG/BG and inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> such that CH<sub>4</sub> production decreased with increasing <i>Asparagopsis</i> independent of RG/BG;however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of BG. Thus, the level of <i>Asparagopsis</i> required to completely inhibit CH<sub>4</sub> production <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> was decreased with decreasing RG/BG. Increasing the duration of fermentation had greatest effect on CH<sub>4</sub> at C, L, and LM levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i> independent of RG/BG, although magnitude of CH<sub>4</sub> production was greater for higher proportions of BG for the C and L levels. Digestibility of <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> substrate increased with fermentation duration and increasing BG;however, there was no change associated with inclusion levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i>. Increases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substrate, increasing inclusion of <i>Asparagopsis</i> had little effect on tVFA. The acetic and propionic acid ratio (AA:PA) decreased with decreasing RG/BG and increasing <i>Asparagopsis</i>. This pattern was most pronounced with 100% BG and MH-H <i>Asparagopsis</i> levels. Compared to control, there was decrease in the AA:PA ratio with addition of even L levels of <i>Asparagopsis</i> and with L compared to LM inclusion levels. Increasing levels of BG and <i>Asparagopsis</i> resulted in significant decreases in AA:PA ratios and CH4 production. This study has confirmed that gradient levels (ratio) of grass and grain in a feed mix impact the antimethanogenic efficacy of <i>Asparagopsis</i> during <i>in</i> <i>vitro</i> fermentation with rumen fluid.
文摘一前言在微生物杀虫剂中,苏芸金杆菌是最成功的商品制剂。活孢子和足量的σ-內毒素是该产品主要的毒素成分。众所周知,产品的毒力是根据菌株(不同菌株及同一菌株的不同株系)、培养基和生长条件的不同而异(Dulmage and Rhodes,1971)。但是,使用相同菌株在体外和体内条件下的培养物所进行的毒性比较尚未见报道。最近。
文摘Feed scarcity is a major challenge in smallholder production systems especially during the dry season. Sweet potato vines (SPV) contribute over 40% of the crop residues fed to dairy cattle but they are highly perishable resulting into losses of about 24% per season. Ensiling SPV mitigates seasonal feed shortages and assists in coping with seasonal feed price fluctuations. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sweet potato vines silage (SPVS) supplementation on the performance of lactating Ankole × Friesian crossbred dairy cattle. Four primiparous cows in early lactation were randomly allotted a basal diet of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay supplemented with dairy pellets and four graded levels of SPVS (0, 100, 200 and 300 g/kg of the daily ration) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The animals were given a one-week adaptation period followed by a two weeks data collection period for each diet. Dry matter intake (DMI), live weight changes, milk yield and composition were determined. Dry matter intake improved with addition of SPVS (P ≤ 0.05), with intake being highest (11.9 kg) in cows that were fed the highest SPVS level and lowest in cows that were not given SPVS (6.8 kg). Although animals on diets with 0, 100, 200 g of SPVS/kg of daily ration lost weight, there were no significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) in body weight changes across all treatments. Milk yield increased with SPVS supplementation by 1.5 - 1.7 kg per cow per day but there were no significant differences between the different SPVS supplementation levels. Milk fat and solids-non-fat differed (P ≤ 0.05) across the four diets but there was no consistent trend observed. Considering profit margins, supplementing dairy cows with SPVS at a level of 100 g/kg of daily ration was the most profitable at Uganda shillings 1290 (0.344 USD) per cow per day. In conclusion, SPVS supplementation improved DMI and milk yield but supplementation beyond 100 g/kg of the daily feed intake was not cost-effective.
