The albite rim is present in most felsic gneisses of the Fuping Complex. The presence of the rim indicates the coexistence of plagioclase and K-feldspar in the rock. The rim is formed immediately after the myrmekite, ...The albite rim is present in most felsic gneisses of the Fuping Complex. The presence of the rim indicates the coexistence of plagioclase and K-feldspar in the rock. The rim is formed immediately after the myrmekite, and both textures were derived from the alteration of K-feldspar. The difference is that that there is no quartz present in the rim, and the rim is nearly albite and the anorthite content of the rim plagioclase is substantially lower than that of the myrmekite plagioclase. Formed at 400- 500~C the albite rim was derived from the K-feldspar composition adjustment in the late or post- magmatism stage. As the temperature decreased, the equilibrium between K-feldspar and plagioclase could be maintained, and reactions between the minerals occurred. The leucocratic veins in the complex show distinguished magma or migmatitic characteristics. The rim might form in the late magma or deuteric stage. The formation of the rim implies obvious granitic magmaor melt-injection activity. Typical metamorphic rocks cannot produce the rims. Anatexis after medium-high grade metamorphism might be subordinate. If present, the anatexis is water-present, but the rim texture cannot be taken as the symbol of anatexis.展开更多
Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique develope...Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique developed in this work to simultaneously detect influential data points and select optimal predictor variables. It is an addition to the body of existing literature in this area of study to both having an alternative to the AIC and Mallow’s Cp Statistic-based RIM as well as conditions of no influence, some sort of influence and perfectly single outlier data point in an entire data set which are proposed in this work. The method is implemented in R by an algorithm that iterates over all data points;deleting data points one at a time while computing BICs and selecting optimal predictors alongside RIMs. From the analyses done using evaporation data to compare the proposed method and the existing methods, the results show that the same data cases selected as having high influences by the two existing methods are also selected by the proposed method. The three methods show same performance;hence the relevance of the BIC-based RIM cannot be undermined.展开更多
Meteorological conditions are vital to PM_(2.5)and ozone(O_(3))complex pollution.Herein,the T-mode principal com-ponent analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Don...Meteorological conditions are vital to PM_(2.5)and ozone(O_(3))complex pollution.Herein,the T-mode principal com-ponent analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Dongying from 2017 to 2022.Synoptic patterns associated with four pollution types-namely,PM_(2.5)-only pollution,O_(3)-only pollution,Co-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution,Non-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution-were characterized at different time scales.The results indicated that synoptic classes conducive to PM_(2.5)-only pollution were“high-pressure top front”,“offshore high-pressure rear”,and“high-pressure inside”,while those conducive to O_(3)-only pollution were“offshore high-pressure rear”,“subtropical high”,and“high and low systems”.The Co-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution were influenced by high pressure,and the Non-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution were linked to precipitation and strong northerly winds.The variation in dominant synoptic patterns is crucial in the frequency changes of the four pollution types,which was further validated through the analysis of typical cases.Under the favorable meteorological conditions of high-pressure control with strong northerly winds or a subtropical high and inverted trough both with strong precipitation,there is potential to achieve coordinated control of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in Dongying.Additionally,measures like artificially manipulating local humidity could be adopted to alleviate pollution levels.This study reveals the importance of comprehending the meteorological factors contributing to the formation of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)complex pollution for the improvement of urban air quality in the Bohai Rim region of China when emissions are high and the concentration of air pollutants exhibits high meteorological sensitivity.展开更多
基金supported by the China Geological Survey (nos. 1212011120129,1212010811033,and 1212011120152)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 41072053)
文摘The albite rim is present in most felsic gneisses of the Fuping Complex. The presence of the rim indicates the coexistence of plagioclase and K-feldspar in the rock. The rim is formed immediately after the myrmekite, and both textures were derived from the alteration of K-feldspar. The difference is that that there is no quartz present in the rim, and the rim is nearly albite and the anorthite content of the rim plagioclase is substantially lower than that of the myrmekite plagioclase. Formed at 400- 500~C the albite rim was derived from the K-feldspar composition adjustment in the late or post- magmatism stage. As the temperature decreased, the equilibrium between K-feldspar and plagioclase could be maintained, and reactions between the minerals occurred. The leucocratic veins in the complex show distinguished magma or migmatitic characteristics. The rim might form in the late magma or deuteric stage. The formation of the rim implies obvious granitic magmaor melt-injection activity. Typical metamorphic rocks cannot produce the rims. Anatexis after medium-high grade metamorphism might be subordinate. If present, the anatexis is water-present, but the rim texture cannot be taken as the symbol of anatexis.
文摘Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique developed in this work to simultaneously detect influential data points and select optimal predictor variables. It is an addition to the body of existing literature in this area of study to both having an alternative to the AIC and Mallow’s Cp Statistic-based RIM as well as conditions of no influence, some sort of influence and perfectly single outlier data point in an entire data set which are proposed in this work. The method is implemented in R by an algorithm that iterates over all data points;deleting data points one at a time while computing BICs and selecting optimal predictors alongside RIMs. From the analyses done using evaporation data to compare the proposed method and the existing methods, the results show that the same data cases selected as having high influences by the two existing methods are also selected by the proposed method. The three methods show same performance;hence the relevance of the BIC-based RIM cannot be undermined.
基金jointly supported by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China[grant number DQGG202121]the Dongying Ecological and Environmental Bureau[grant number 2021DFKY-0779]。
文摘Meteorological conditions are vital to PM_(2.5)and ozone(O_(3))complex pollution.Herein,the T-mode principal com-ponent analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Dongying from 2017 to 2022.Synoptic patterns associated with four pollution types-namely,PM_(2.5)-only pollution,O_(3)-only pollution,Co-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution,Non-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution-were characterized at different time scales.The results indicated that synoptic classes conducive to PM_(2.5)-only pollution were“high-pressure top front”,“offshore high-pressure rear”,and“high-pressure inside”,while those conducive to O_(3)-only pollution were“offshore high-pressure rear”,“subtropical high”,and“high and low systems”.The Co-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution were influenced by high pressure,and the Non-occurring of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution were linked to precipitation and strong northerly winds.The variation in dominant synoptic patterns is crucial in the frequency changes of the four pollution types,which was further validated through the analysis of typical cases.Under the favorable meteorological conditions of high-pressure control with strong northerly winds or a subtropical high and inverted trough both with strong precipitation,there is potential to achieve coordinated control of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in Dongying.Additionally,measures like artificially manipulating local humidity could be adopted to alleviate pollution levels.This study reveals the importance of comprehending the meteorological factors contributing to the formation of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)complex pollution for the improvement of urban air quality in the Bohai Rim region of China when emissions are high and the concentration of air pollutants exhibits high meteorological sensitivity.
