Displacement field reconstruction in landslide physical modeling by using a terrain laser scanner e Part 2:Application and large strain/displacement and water effect analysis

Deformation analysis is fundamental in geotechnical modeling.Nevertheless,there is still a lack of an effective method to obtain the deformation field under various experimental conditions.In this study,we introduce a processebased physical modeling of a pileereinforced reservoir landslide and present an improved deformation analysis involving large strains and water effects.We collect multieperiod point clouds using a terrain laser scanner and reconstruct its deformation field through a point cloud processing workflow.The results show that this method can accurately describe the landslide surface deformation at any time and area by both scalar and vector fields.The deformation fields in different profiles of the physical model and different stages of the evolutionary process provide adequate and detailed landslide information.We analyze the large strain upstream of the pile caused by the pile installation and the consequent violent deformation during the evolutionary process.Furthermore,our method effectively overcomes the challenges of identifying targets commonly encountered in geotechnical modeling where water effects are considered and targets are polluted,which facilitates the deformation analysis at the wading area in a reservoir landslide.Eventually,combining subsurface deformation as well as numerical modeling,we comprehensively analyze the kinematics and failure mechanisms of this complicated object involving landslides and pile foundations as well as water effects.This method is of great significance for any geotechnical modeling concerning large-strain analysis and water effects.

Displacement field reconstruction in landslide physical modeling by using a terrain laser scanner e Part 1:Methodology,error analysis and validation

Laser scanning technology has been widely used in landslide aspects.However,the existing deformation analysis based on terrain laser scanners can only provide limited information,which is insufficient for understanding landslide kinematics and failure mechanisms.To overcome this limitation,this paper proposes an automated method for processing point clouds collected in landslide physical modeling.This method allows the acquisition of quantitative three-dimensional(3D)deformation field information.The results show the organized and spatially related point cloud segmentation in terms of spherical targets.The segmented point clouds can be fitted to determine the locations of all preset targets and their corresponding location changes.The proposed method has been validated based on theoretical analysis and numerical and physical tests,which indicates that it can batch-process massive data sets with high computational efficiency and good noise resistance.Compared to existing methods,this method shows a significant potential for understanding landslide kinematics and failure mechanisms and advancing the application of 3D laser scanning in geotechnical modeling.

Imaging plate scanners calibration and the attenuation behavior of imaging plate signals

Based on previously reported work, we propose a new method for calibrating image plate(IP) scanners, offering greater flexibility and convenience, which can be extended to the calibration tasks of various scanner models. This method was applied to calibrate the sensitivity of a GE Typhoon FLA 7000 scanner. Additionally, we performed a calibration of the spontaneous signal attenuation behavior for BAS-MS, BAS-SR, and BAS-TR type IPs under the 20±1℃ environmental conditions, and observed significant signal carrier diffusion behavior in BAS-MS IP. The calibration results lay a foundation for further research on the interaction between ultra-short, ultra-intense lasers and matter.

斯伦贝谢Scanner家族新成员—R_t Scanner简介

本文详细介绍了斯伦贝谢公司最近推出来的测井仪器-Scanner家族的三分量感应测井仪RtScanner。该仪器可以同时测量纵向和横向电阻率以及地层倾角和方位角的信息。同时还能够得到标准的阵列感应成像测井剖面。在薄层和低阻油层解释以及储层各向异性分析中显示了独到的优势，文中给出了一个油田应用实例，最后介绍了RtScanner的仪器规格。

固井质量评价仪Isolation Scanner在塔里木油田套管检测方面的应用

塔里木油田地质构造复杂,油气埋藏普遍偏深,深井、超深井钻井工艺复杂,套管柱结构多样,如何检测钻井和后续开发造成的套管磨损和腐蚀情况,成为测井工程的一大难题。为了解决该难题,油田引进了最新一代的固井质量评价仪Isolation Scanner,该仪器通过脉冲回波测量和挠曲波衰减测量,可对套管结构进行检测,同时对套管磨损、腐蚀及套管居中情况进行定量评价。详细介绍了Isolation Scanner仪器的工作原理,并介绍了该仪器在塔里木油田套管检测方面的应用情况,通过实例分析认为该仪器的应用效果良好。

基于PhotoModeler Scanner的普通数码相机快速检校研究

随着分辨率的不断提高与价格的日益降低,数码相机已成为近景摄影测量的基本设备,而相机的准确检校是保证量测精度的关键因素。借助于PhotoModeler Scanner软件,本文实现了相机的快速准确检校,并对野外检校的稳定性和质量进行了分析,说明该检校方法简便可靠。

新型核磁共振测井仪MR Scanner性能及其应用

斯伦贝谢公司2006年新推出了核磁共振测井仪器MR Scanner,该仪器采用偏心梯度设计,具有提供多种探测深度、测量结果不受井眼条件的影响、能进行流体表征等特点。在低阻、低对比度储层的评价中具有较大优势。文章对MR Scanner仪器的结构、特点、规格及技术指标进行了介绍,列举了其优点以及应用效果。

斯伦贝谢新型高清晰度能谱测井仪——Litho Scanner的崛起

本文详细介绍了斯伦贝谢推出的新型高清晰度测井仪——LithoScanner,该仪器具有仪器外径小、测速快、不受井眼类型及温度限制等特点。仪器采用独特的LaBr3:Ce伽马探测器、优良的脉冲中子发射器(PNG),同时采集非弹性散射伽马能谱和俘获伽马能谱,高中子输出、高计数率为提高元素测量的准确度和精度奠定了扎实基础。得到的准确矿物含量和总有机碳含量(TOC),为评价非常规油气藏提供了有利证据。本文还介绍了该仪器规格、工作流程及其应用。

Influence of layout of scanners on intelligent mine scanning trails

To expand scanning area and attack range without changing the inner structure of intelligent warhead, a new arrangement mode of the scanner for intelligent mine is proposed. The required coordinate systems are established firstly on the basis of advanced dynamics principle. and the exterior ballistics equations are deduced. Then the equations of scanning trails are established by the method of space analytic geometry. To get the scanning trails. the differential equations are transformed into discrete simulation model using the algorithm of fourth order Runge-Kutta and then are simulated using Matlab. Compared with the scanning trails obtained by the traditional layout of scanner, the scanning trails obtained by the proposed layout of scanner has larger horizontal range of scanning circle and bigger trarget acquisition probability. Therefore, the new arrangement mode of the scanner for intelligent mine can increase attack range.

Command functions of open loop galvanometer scanners with optimized duty cycles

The paper approaches the problem of the command functions of galvanometer-based scanners （GS） that are necessary to produce the linear plus parabolic scanning function of the GS, which we have proved previously to produce the highest possible duty cycle （i.e., time efficiency） of the device. We have completed this theoretical aspect （which contradicted what has been stated previously in the literature, where it has been considered that the linear plus sinusoidal scanning function was the best） with the experimental study of the most used scanning functions of the GSs （sawtooth, sinusoidal and triangular）, with applications in biomedical imaging, in particular in optical coherence tomography, demonstrating that the triangular function is always the best one to be applied, from both an optical and a mechanical point of view. In the present study the input voltage/command function which should be applied to the GS to produce the desired triangular scanning function （with controlled non-linearity for the fastest possible stop-and-turn portions） was determined analytically, in relationship with the active torque that drives the device. This command function is analyzed with regard to the specific, respectively required parameters of the GS： natural frequency and damping factor, respectively scan speed and amplitude. The modeling in an open loop control structure of the GS is finally discussed as a trade-off between using the highest possible duty cycle and minimizing the maximum peaks of the input voltage.

浅谈利用Scanner、System输入和输出数据

介绍了在Java语言中利用Scanner类从键盘输入数据、System输出数据的方法,通过两个应用实例设计实现了从键盘输入数据、从控制台输出数据。

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Digital Models Obtained Using Intraoral and Extraoral Scanners versus Gold Standard Plaster Model (Diagnostic Accuracy Study)

Introduction: Digital models showed promising results for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Digital models can be obtained from alginate impressions as well as direct intra-oral scanners. Studies assessing the accuracy of digital models have shown digital models to be valid, clinically acceptable, and more quickly obtainable. With the advent of new scanners with better scanning technology researches are necessary to evaluate their accuracy and reliability. Aim of Study: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3D digital models obtained through intraoral and extraoral scanning modalities to the reference gold standard plaster model. Material & Methods: Twenty-four adult male and female subjects were randomly selected for this study. The intraoral scanners evaluated in this study were Sirona (CEREC Omnicam) and 3 shape (TRIOS 3), while the laboratory scanners used were Sirona (inEos X5), and 3 shape (D850). Intra-oral scanning of the subjects and extra-oral scanning of their alginate impressions, plaster models of the alginate impression, rubber base impression, and plaster model of their rubber base impression were done. Linear dental measurements included intermolar width, interpremolar width, intercanine width, mesiodistal width of the 1st permanent molar, 1st premolar, canine and central incisor and arch width. All data were collected, tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Small differences between the plaster and digital models were observed. Intra-observer reliability analysis for 14 out of the 16 measurements showed that all variables exhibited good to excellent reliability. Conclusions: There was no difference between the digitization using the intraoral scanner or the laboratory scanner. The most accurate digitization technique was the 3 Shape laboratory scanner of the cast of the alginate impression. The inEos X5 showed the highest error of digitization of the alginate and rubber base impressions.

斯伦贝谢新一代核磁共振测井仪MR Scanner

斯伦贝谢公司新近推出了新一代核磁共振测井仪器MR Scanner，该仪器的主要特点是能够提供多种探测深度，而且测量结果不受井眼条件的影响，能进行油气表征，在低阻、低对比度储层的评价中具有较大优势，本文对该仪器的结构、特点、仪器规格以及参数指标做了详细的说明.列举了其优点以及应用效果，以对这种新型核磁共振测井仪器具有更深入的了解。

Sonic Scanner声波扫描测井在碳酸盐岩储层裂缝有效性评价中的应用——以四川盆地震旦系为例

电成像测井探测深度较浅,无法判定井壁上识别出的裂缝在地层中的延伸情况。利用电成像测井识别出的裂缝走向与Sonic Scanner声波扫描测井确定的横波各向异性方位进行综合建模,以确定地层中裂缝引起的各向异性和井壁内裂缝的延伸情况,进而评价裂缝的有效性。该方法在四川盆地震旦系灯影组缝洞型碳酸盐岩地层中取得了较好的应用效果。通过Sonic Scanner声波扫描测井和电成像测井结合能够准确评价井筒周围裂缝的有效性,为储层评价及试油层段优选提供可靠依据。

Improved method for the feature extraction of laser scanner using genetic clustering

Feature extraction of range images provided by ranging sensor is a key issue of pattern recognition. To automatically extract the environmental feature sensed by a 2D ranging sensor laser scanner, an improved method based on genetic clustering VGA-clustering is presented. By integrating the spatial neighbouring information of range data into fuzzy clustering algorithm, a weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm （WFCA） instead of standard clustering algorithm is introduced to realize feature extraction of laser scanner. Aimed at the unknown clustering number in advance, several validation index functions are used to estimate the validity of different clustering algorithms and one validation index is selected as the fitness function of genetic algorithm so as to determine the accurate clustering number automatically. At the same time, an improved genetic algorithm IVGA on the basis of VGA is proposed to solve the local optimum of clustering algorithm, which is implemented by increasing the population diversity and improving the genetic operators of elitist rule to enhance the local search capacity and to quicken the convergence speed. By the comparison with other algorithms, the effectiveness of the algorithm introduced is demonstrated.

Scanner中网络扫描脚本语言的设计及其实现

网络扫描器在信息安全领域有着重要的作用和地位,该文提出用一种专用的网络扫描脚本语言对安全检查项进行描述的想法,并有选择地给出了这种脚本语言的设计思想和实现。

Development of an In-Situ Laser Machining System Using a Three-Dimensional Galvanometer Scanner

In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) in-situ laser machining system integrating laser measurement and machining was built using a 3D galvanometer scanner equipped with a side-axis industrial camera. A line structured light measurement model based on a galvanometer scanner was proposed to obtain the 3D information of the workpiece. A height calibration method was proposed to further ensure measurement accuracy, so as to achieve accurate laser focusing. In-situ machining software was developed to realize time-saving and labor-saving 3D laser processing. The feasibility and practicability of this in-situ laser machining system were verified using specific cases. In comparison with the conventional line structured light measurement method, the proposed methods do not require light plane calibration, and do not need additional motion axes for 3D reconstruction;thus they provide technical and cost advantages. The insitu laser machining system realizes a simple operation process by integrating measurement and machining,which greatly reduces labor and time costs.

斯伦贝谢公司套后成像测井技术Isolation Scanner(IBC)

Isolation Scanner采用常规超声脉；中回波与挠曲波成像技术，通过对超声波脉冲回波和挠曲波波场的独立测量实现对套管环空环境的描述以及对不同类型水泥固井质量的评价。全方位测量覆盖整个套管圆周，探测深度达3in，可发现水泥环内的窜槽，确定固井作业是否达到有效的水泥封隔，了解套管的居中情况和水泥厚度，辅助固井评价和后续工程作业。套后成像测井数据以三维方式显示，可直接观察套管腐蚀或变形、内径和壁厚的变化，验证入井管串结构。

Evaluation of the New Automatic Mycob.T Stainer andScanner for Detecting Acid-fast Bacilli in China

Objective To validate the performance of Mycob. T Stainer and Scanner(MTSS) for detecting acid-fast bacilli(AFB). Methods A total of 3,816 sputum samples from 1,515 tuberculosis(TB) suspects were tested at the Anhui Provincial Chest Hospital and the Linyi People’s Hospital from April-August, 2016. Each specimen was placed on two smear slides. One slide was stained by the ziehl-neelsen(ZN) method to be read by conventional microscopy(CM). The other slide was stained and scanned by MTSS. All specimens were decontaminated with 4% NaO H, and then inoculated into solid culture. The performance of MTSS was assessed. Results MTSS produced higher average positivity rate(27.96%) as compared with the CM(26.83%). The overall sensitivity and specificity of MTSS were 78.9% and 93.9%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CM was 77.4% and 95.0%, respectively. Conclusion MTSS exhibited a favorable performance in the detection of AFB. It may be an alternative to CM for screening TB.

岩性扫描成像测井仪Litho Scanner

随着复杂岩性、页岩油气和致密油气等非常规油气藏勘探开发的深入，石油公司迫切需要准确了解地层岩性及矿物成分。地层元素测井是唯一能从岩石成分角度解决岩性识别问题的测井方法。