Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East...Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawning ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models, the von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz models, were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion （AIC）, the yon Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s, which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades.展开更多
Fish biomass is a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management and it is often estimated from ocean primary production（OPP）. However, the relationship between the biomass of a fish stock and OPP is ...Fish biomass is a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management and it is often estimated from ocean primary production（OPP）. However, the relationship between the biomass of a fish stock and OPP is always complicated due to a variety of trophic controls in the ecosystem. In this paper, we examine the quantitative relationship between the biomass of chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） and net primary production（NPP） in the southern East China Sea（SECS）, using catch and effort data from the Chinese mainland large light-purse seine fishery logbook and NPP derived from remote sensing. We further discuss the mechanisms of trophic control in regulating this relationship. The results show a significant non-linear relationship exists between standardized CPUE（Catch-Per-Unit-Effort） and NPP（P〈0.05）. This relationship can be described by a convex parabolic curve, where the biomass of chub mackerel increases with NPP to a maximum and then decreases when the NPP exceeds this point. The results imply that the ecosystem in the SECS is subject to complex trophic controls. We speculate that the change in abundance of key species at intermediate trophic levels and/or interspecific competition might contribute to this complex relationship.展开更多
A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Scomber was conducted based on mitochondrial(COI,Cyt b and control region) and nuclear(5S rDNA) DNA sequence data in multigene perspective.A variety of phylogenetic analy...A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Scomber was conducted based on mitochondrial(COI,Cyt b and control region) and nuclear(5S rDNA) DNA sequence data in multigene perspective.A variety of phylogenetic analytic methods were used to clarify the current taxonomic classification and to assess phylogenetic relationships and the evolutionary history of this genus.The present study produced a well-resolved phylogeny that strongly supported the monophyly of Scomber.We confirmed that S.japonicus and S.colias were genetically distinct.Although morphologically and ecologically similar to S.colias,the molecular data showed that S.japonicus has a greater molecular affinity with S.australasicus,which conflicts with the traditional taxonomy.This phylogenetic pattern was corroborated by the mtDNA data,but incompletely by the nuclear DNA data.Phylogenetic concordance between the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA regions for the basal nodes supports an Atlantic origin for Scomber.The present-day geographic ranges of the species were compared with the resultant molecular phylogeny derived from partition Bayesian analyses of the combined data sets to evaluate possible dispersal routes of the genus.The present-day geographic distribution of Scomber species might be best ascribed to multiple dispersal events.In addition,our results suggest that phylogenies derived from multiple genes and long sequences exhibited improved phylogenetic resolution,from which we conclude that the phylogenetic reconstruction is a reliable representation of the evolutionary history of Scomber.展开更多
The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（S...The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China＇s mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature（SST）, gradient of the sea surface temperature（GSST）, sea surface height（SSH） and geostrophic velocity（GV）, we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve（AUC） attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.展开更多
Information on survival and growth during the early life stage is essential to understand the mechanism of interannual variations in fish recruitment.Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus is a commercially important pelagic...Information on survival and growth during the early life stage is essential to understand the mechanism of interannual variations in fish recruitment.Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus is a commercially important pelagic fish widely distributed in the northwestern Pacific.Its catch showed large fluctuations with changes in distribution and migration under climate change and strong fishing.We determined the hatch dates and growth rates of young-of-the-year of chub mackerel through otolith microstructure using samples collected in the Oyashio water in autumn 2018.Results show that the ages of young chub mackerel ranged between 120 and 180 d,and the estimated hatch date lasted from midJanuary to late May with a peak from mid-March to mid-April.Average otolith daily increment width during the early life stages(from hatching to 25 d)showed an increasing trend.Chub mackerel grows slowly in the first 10 d,and then grows faster during the 10thto 25thd.Three groups with dissimilar growth histories and migration routes were identified using unsupervised random forest clustering analysis,but all eventually converge on the same nursery ground.The faster growth of young-of-the-year chub mackerel leads to better recruitment due to the hypothesis of growth-dependent mortality.Most chub mackerels hatched in March and April,the spawning period is longer and earlier,which could lead to strong year classes.These findings on population composition and life history traits of young-of-the-year of chub mackerel provide valuable information on its recruitment processes during the period of stock recovery.展开更多
Lipids oxidation, histamine production and quality loss were studied according to storage time and temperature （ambient temperature （Tamb） 26 ℃, 4 ℃ and -18℃） in Atlantic mackerel （Scomber scombrus）. Muscle p...Lipids oxidation, histamine production and quality loss were studied according to storage time and temperature （ambient temperature （Tamb） 26 ℃, 4 ℃ and -18℃） in Atlantic mackerel （Scomber scombrus）. Muscle pH, hydrolysis of phospholipids, content of primary （hydroperoxides）, secondary lipid oxidation products （TBARS） and histamine were determined and compared with a sensory assessment. Atlantic mackerel is sensory acceptable, less than 24 hours at Tamb, for up to 3 days at 4 ℃ and 3 months at-18 ℃. Evolution of biochemical parameters with storage time and temperature showed significant differences （P 〈 0.05）. Muscle pH increased from 5.99 to 6.13 at Tamb, to 6.23 at 4 ℃ and to 6.04 at -18 ℃. The highest content of TBARS is associated with a decrease in phospholipids and hydroperoxides contents and highest levels of sensory alteration. Histamine content exceeded the limit recommended by the Trade Algerian Ministry （10 mg/100g）, after 24 hours at Tamb, 5 days of storage at 4 ~C only. Therefore, freezing storage has a preserving effect on lipid damage and histamine production and seems the best means of storage; if these species are not consumed during the two days following capture. Moreover, monitoring histamine production is more useful as sanitary index rather than spoilage parameter and the strategy used for measuring kinetic of lipid oxidation appear pertinent for determining the degree of oxidation.展开更多
An individual-based model of Scomber japonicus in the East China Sea(ECS)was developed to simulate the effects of physical environment on the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus from...An individual-based model of Scomber japonicus in the East China Sea(ECS)was developed to simulate the effects of physical environment on the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus from 1978 to 2013.The results showed that there were interannual differences in the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus in the ECS due to different physical environments from 1978 to 2013,and this difference was extremely obvious in some specific years.The current in the drift path of eggs and juveniles controlled and affected the transport process and distribution characteristics.In April,the distribution of eggs and larvae was mainly controlled by the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC).The number of eggs and larvae transported into the northeastern waters of the ECS was positively correlated with the intensity of TWC.In May,it was mainly regu-lated by the TWC and the Tsushima Strait Warm Current(TSWC).In June,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait and the Pacific Ocean was determined by the TSWC.In general,in the years with high number of larvae and juveniles into the Tsushima Strait,the catch of 0-year-old S.japonicus was also higher.In addition,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait in El Niño years was less than that in La Niña years.In July,the transport was mainly controlled by the Kuroshio Current(KC),and the eddy within the KC strongly affected its distribution.展开更多
为了探索海上移动运输船上东海鲐鱼新鲜度随温度变化规律及其动力学特性,将鲐鱼贮藏在0、5、10、15℃条件下,测定K值、挥发性盐基氮（total volatile base nitrogen,TVB-N）值与菌落总数（total viable count,TVC）,并进行感官评分,研...为了探索海上移动运输船上东海鲐鱼新鲜度随温度变化规律及其动力学特性,将鲐鱼贮藏在0、5、10、15℃条件下,测定K值、挥发性盐基氮（total volatile base nitrogen,TVB-N）值与菌落总数（total viable count,TVC）,并进行感官评分,研究其货架期预测模型。结果显示,随贮藏时间的延长,鲐鱼的感官品质指标逐渐下降,K值、TVB-N值和TVC均逐渐上升。实验用Arrhenius方程构建了贮藏温度、贮藏时间与K值、TVB-N值和TVC之间的动力学模型,其中,K值变化的活化能（Ea）及速率常数（k0）分别为30.54 k J/mol和1.54×10^4;TVB-N变化的Ea及k0分别为41.21 k J/mol和4.40×10^5;TVC变化的Ea及k0分别为46.78 k J/mol和2.93×10^6。建立的动力学模型可以在0~15℃范围内对鲐鱼的货架期进行准确预测。展开更多
根据1999年8月至2003年12月,东、黄海大型鲐鲹灯光围网捕捞量与捕捞努力量数据,利用逐步回归广义加性模型(GAM,Generalized Additive Models)分析了月光亮度(用农历日表示)和海洋遥感数据(海表水温、海表水温距平、海表水温梯度、叶绿素...根据1999年8月至2003年12月,东、黄海大型鲐鲹灯光围网捕捞量与捕捞努力量数据,利用逐步回归广义加性模型(GAM,Generalized Additive Models)分析了月光亮度(用农历日表示)和海洋遥感数据(海表水温、海表水温距平、海表水温梯度、叶绿素a浓度、叶绿素a浓度距平、风速、平均海面高度距平、涡动能)共9个环境要素与名义单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE,Catch Per Unit Effort)的关系,以研究其对大型鲐鱼灯光围网捕捞效率的影响。研究表明,32oN以北渔场,海表水温、农历日、平均海面高度距平、海表温度梯度及风速与名义CPUE(名义CPUE加1取对数,下同)存在显著关系;而29oN以南渔场,平均海面高度距平、农历日、风速、涡动能、海表温度距平与名义CPUE存在显著关系;南、北渔场,叶绿素a浓度及其距平与名义CPUE不存在显著关系。研究认为,在南、北渔场,月光亮度越亮、风速增强均会使捕捞效率降低,捕捞效率较高的位置常分布于平均海面高度距平高值与低值之间的一些海域;北部渔场,海表温度降低有利于捕捞效率的提高,海表温度梯度对捕捞效率的影响是负效应;南部渔场,海表温度距平过高或过低均不利于捕捞效率的提高,涡动能较大有利于提高鲐鱼的捕捞效率。展开更多
基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-06-0437)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No T1101)
文摘Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawning ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models, the von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz models, were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion （AIC）, the yon Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s, which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades.
基金The Industrialization Project of National Development and Reform Commission under contract No.2159999the Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project(Fisheries)The National High-tech Industrialization Project of Remote Sensing System Development for High Resolution Ocean Satellite and Demonstration Application
文摘Fish biomass is a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management and it is often estimated from ocean primary production（OPP）. However, the relationship between the biomass of a fish stock and OPP is always complicated due to a variety of trophic controls in the ecosystem. In this paper, we examine the quantitative relationship between the biomass of chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） and net primary production（NPP） in the southern East China Sea（SECS）, using catch and effort data from the Chinese mainland large light-purse seine fishery logbook and NPP derived from remote sensing. We further discuss the mechanisms of trophic control in regulating this relationship. The results show a significant non-linear relationship exists between standardized CPUE（Catch-Per-Unit-Effort） and NPP（P〈0.05）. This relationship can be described by a convex parabolic curve, where the biomass of chub mackerel increases with NPP to a maximum and then decreases when the NPP exceeds this point. The results imply that the ecosystem in the SECS is subject to complex trophic controls. We speculate that the change in abundance of key species at intermediate trophic levels and/or interspecific competition might contribute to this complex relationship.
基金Supported by the International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31061160187)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(No. 200903005)
文摘A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Scomber was conducted based on mitochondrial(COI,Cyt b and control region) and nuclear(5S rDNA) DNA sequence data in multigene perspective.A variety of phylogenetic analytic methods were used to clarify the current taxonomic classification and to assess phylogenetic relationships and the evolutionary history of this genus.The present study produced a well-resolved phylogeny that strongly supported the monophyly of Scomber.We confirmed that S.japonicus and S.colias were genetically distinct.Although morphologically and ecologically similar to S.colias,the molecular data showed that S.japonicus has a greater molecular affinity with S.australasicus,which conflicts with the traditional taxonomy.This phylogenetic pattern was corroborated by the mtDNA data,but incompletely by the nuclear DNA data.Phylogenetic concordance between the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA regions for the basal nodes supports an Atlantic origin for Scomber.The present-day geographic ranges of the species were compared with the resultant molecular phylogeny derived from partition Bayesian analyses of the combined data sets to evaluate possible dispersal routes of the genus.The present-day geographic distribution of Scomber species might be best ascribed to multiple dispersal events.In addition,our results suggest that phylogenies derived from multiple genes and long sequences exhibited improved phylogenetic resolution,from which we conclude that the phylogenetic reconstruction is a reliable representation of the evolutionary history of Scomber.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 Program)of China under contract No.2012AA092301the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No.20155014+1 种基金the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2013BAD13B01the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commissionof China under contract No.14ZZ147
文摘The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China＇s mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature（SST）, gradient of the sea surface temperature（GSST）, sea surface height（SSH） and geostrophic velocity（GV）, we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve（AUC） attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41930534)the Third Institute of Oceanography through the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(No.GASI-02-PACYDaut)。
文摘Information on survival and growth during the early life stage is essential to understand the mechanism of interannual variations in fish recruitment.Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus is a commercially important pelagic fish widely distributed in the northwestern Pacific.Its catch showed large fluctuations with changes in distribution and migration under climate change and strong fishing.We determined the hatch dates and growth rates of young-of-the-year of chub mackerel through otolith microstructure using samples collected in the Oyashio water in autumn 2018.Results show that the ages of young chub mackerel ranged between 120 and 180 d,and the estimated hatch date lasted from midJanuary to late May with a peak from mid-March to mid-April.Average otolith daily increment width during the early life stages(from hatching to 25 d)showed an increasing trend.Chub mackerel grows slowly in the first 10 d,and then grows faster during the 10thto 25thd.Three groups with dissimilar growth histories and migration routes were identified using unsupervised random forest clustering analysis,but all eventually converge on the same nursery ground.The faster growth of young-of-the-year chub mackerel leads to better recruitment due to the hypothesis of growth-dependent mortality.Most chub mackerels hatched in March and April,the spawning period is longer and earlier,which could lead to strong year classes.These findings on population composition and life history traits of young-of-the-year of chub mackerel provide valuable information on its recruitment processes during the period of stock recovery.
文摘Lipids oxidation, histamine production and quality loss were studied according to storage time and temperature （ambient temperature （Tamb） 26 ℃, 4 ℃ and -18℃） in Atlantic mackerel （Scomber scombrus）. Muscle pH, hydrolysis of phospholipids, content of primary （hydroperoxides）, secondary lipid oxidation products （TBARS） and histamine were determined and compared with a sensory assessment. Atlantic mackerel is sensory acceptable, less than 24 hours at Tamb, for up to 3 days at 4 ℃ and 3 months at-18 ℃. Evolution of biochemical parameters with storage time and temperature showed significant differences （P 〈 0.05）. Muscle pH increased from 5.99 to 6.13 at Tamb, to 6.23 at 4 ℃ and to 6.04 at -18 ℃. The highest content of TBARS is associated with a decrease in phospholipids and hydroperoxides contents and highest levels of sensory alteration. Histamine content exceeded the limit recommended by the Trade Algerian Ministry （10 mg/100g）, after 24 hours at Tamb, 5 days of storage at 4 ~C only. Therefore, freezing storage has a preserving effect on lipid damage and histamine production and seems the best means of storage; if these species are not consumed during the two days following capture. Moreover, monitoring histamine production is more useful as sanitary index rather than spoilage parameter and the strategy used for measuring kinetic of lipid oxidation appear pertinent for determining the degree of oxidation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0900906)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41906073)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.19ZR1423000).
文摘An individual-based model of Scomber japonicus in the East China Sea(ECS)was developed to simulate the effects of physical environment on the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus from 1978 to 2013.The results showed that there were interannual differences in the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus in the ECS due to different physical environments from 1978 to 2013,and this difference was extremely obvious in some specific years.The current in the drift path of eggs and juveniles controlled and affected the transport process and distribution characteristics.In April,the distribution of eggs and larvae was mainly controlled by the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC).The number of eggs and larvae transported into the northeastern waters of the ECS was positively correlated with the intensity of TWC.In May,it was mainly regu-lated by the TWC and the Tsushima Strait Warm Current(TSWC).In June,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait and the Pacific Ocean was determined by the TSWC.In general,in the years with high number of larvae and juveniles into the Tsushima Strait,the catch of 0-year-old S.japonicus was also higher.In addition,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait in El Niño years was less than that in La Niña years.In July,the transport was mainly controlled by the Kuroshio Current(KC),and the eddy within the KC strongly affected its distribution.
文摘为了探索海上移动运输船上东海鲐鱼新鲜度随温度变化规律及其动力学特性,将鲐鱼贮藏在0、5、10、15℃条件下,测定K值、挥发性盐基氮（total volatile base nitrogen,TVB-N）值与菌落总数（total viable count,TVC）,并进行感官评分,研究其货架期预测模型。结果显示,随贮藏时间的延长,鲐鱼的感官品质指标逐渐下降,K值、TVB-N值和TVC均逐渐上升。实验用Arrhenius方程构建了贮藏温度、贮藏时间与K值、TVB-N值和TVC之间的动力学模型,其中,K值变化的活化能（Ea）及速率常数（k0）分别为30.54 k J/mol和1.54×10^4;TVB-N变化的Ea及k0分别为41.21 k J/mol和4.40×10^5;TVC变化的Ea及k0分别为46.78 k J/mol和2.93×10^6。建立的动力学模型可以在0~15℃范围内对鲐鱼的货架期进行准确预测。
文摘根据1999年8月至2003年12月,东、黄海大型鲐鲹灯光围网捕捞量与捕捞努力量数据,利用逐步回归广义加性模型(GAM,Generalized Additive Models)分析了月光亮度(用农历日表示)和海洋遥感数据(海表水温、海表水温距平、海表水温梯度、叶绿素a浓度、叶绿素a浓度距平、风速、平均海面高度距平、涡动能)共9个环境要素与名义单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE,Catch Per Unit Effort)的关系,以研究其对大型鲐鱼灯光围网捕捞效率的影响。研究表明,32oN以北渔场,海表水温、农历日、平均海面高度距平、海表温度梯度及风速与名义CPUE(名义CPUE加1取对数,下同)存在显著关系;而29oN以南渔场,平均海面高度距平、农历日、风速、涡动能、海表温度距平与名义CPUE存在显著关系;南、北渔场,叶绿素a浓度及其距平与名义CPUE不存在显著关系。研究认为,在南、北渔场,月光亮度越亮、风速增强均会使捕捞效率降低,捕捞效率较高的位置常分布于平均海面高度距平高值与低值之间的一些海域;北部渔场,海表温度降低有利于捕捞效率的提高,海表温度梯度对捕捞效率的影响是负效应;南部渔场,海表温度距平过高或过低均不利于捕捞效率的提高,涡动能较大有利于提高鲐鱼的捕捞效率。
