Location and Analysis of Introgressed Segments in the Parthenogenetic Progenies of Zea mays×Z. diploperennis by GISH

用来自玉米 (ZeamaysL .)与二倍体多年生类玉米 (Z .diploperennisIltis,DoebleyandGuzm偄ｎ)杂交的孤雌生殖后代同一抗病个体的 4个株系进行了基因组原位杂交 ,用改进的杂交技术获得了近 10 0 %的检出率 ,每一检出片段在同源染色体两成员和每两个姊妹染色单体上均有清晰的信号。

Prediction of transmembrane helical segments in transmembrane proteins based on wavelet transform

Tmnsmembrane（TM） protein plays an important role in the life activity of the cells, and the prediction of transmembrane helical segments （TMHs） is an important subject in the bioinformatics research. Thus far, several prediction methods have been reported, but there are some deficiencies in prediction accuracy and adaptability in these methods. In this paper, a method based on discrete wavelet transform （DWT） was developed to predict the TMHs. Two sets of test data sets containing total 60 protein sequences were utilized to access the effect of the method. Compared with the prediction results of TMHMM2.0 and MEMSAT, the obtained results indicate that the presented method has high prediction accuracy.

STUDY ON SEGMENTED POLYURETHANE WITH MIXED SOFT SEGMENTS OF POLYCHLOROMETHYL METHYL SILOXANE AND POLYTETRAMETHYLENE OXIDE

Two series of polyurethanes based on mixed polychloromethyl methyl siloxane and poly-tetramethylene oxide in different weight fractions were synthesized. The phase separation ofsamples was studied using DSC and dynamic mechanical property analysis. The results showedthat the introduction of chloromethyl group into polysiloxane increased its polarity and henceimproved the miscibilities with polytetramethylene oxide and polyurethane hard segment.Particularly, in the case of N-methyldiethanolamine extended materials, the surface and tensileproperties of these samples can be adjusted by various ratios of two soft segments.

Ferrara ring segments implantation for treating keratoconus

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of Ferrara rings (FR) implantation in the treatment of keratoconus.METHODS: It was a retrospective case series descriptive study. The sample was comprised of 50 patients 79 eyes diagnosed with progressive keratoconus. This included 24 (48%) males and 26 (52%) females between the age of 13 and 44 years. All participants underwent surgical implantation of FR in the period between January 2009 and September 2010 at Jordan University Hospital. Thorough ophthalmologic examinations were applied to measure vital variables for each pathological condition before and after surgery. RESULTS: Findings indicated an overall significant postoperative improvement in both uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) throughout follow up visits. Moreover, results illustrated a significant decrease in spherical equivalent (SE) and keratometric readings (lower, higher and the average). CONCLUSION: Surgical intervention strategies are being frequently developed to meet the needs of patients with keratoconus. The implantation of Ferrara rings has proven to be a safe and feasible alternative procedure for the treatment of mild-moderate keratoconus especially for patients with contact lenses intolerance. We have found that this procedure has improved visual outcomes in all eyes studied. Nevertheless, further research is needed to investigate long term outcomes.

Clinical outcomes after intrastromal corneal ring segments reoperation in keratoconus patients

AIM:To evaluate the clinical outcomes after Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments(ICRS)reoperation in patients with keratoconus.METHODS:A total of 37 keratoconus eyes implanted with intrastromal corneal ring segments,which had an ICRS exchange,addition,reposition or removal were evaluated.Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),keratometry(K),asphericity(Q)and pachymetry at the thinnest point(PTP)of the cornea were evaluated using a corneal tomography(Oculus Pentacam,USA)RESULTS:The mean follow-up time after the reoperation was 30.5±9.7 months.The mean UCVA improved from 20/300 to 20/80(P=0.005);the mean BCVA improved from 20/160 to 20/50(P=0.0002),the mean keratometry reduced from 49.33±4.19D to 46.16±3.90D(P=0.0001),the mean pachymetry at the thinnest point increased from 450±42.9μm to 469±40.8μm(P=0.0001).The asphericity increased from-0.84±0.74 to-0.35±0.81(P=0.15)and the spherical equivalent reduced from-4.64±4.87D to-3.04±3.45D(P=0.137).The changes in the asphericity and spherical equivalent were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION:Ferrara ICRS implantation showed to be a reversible and readjustable surgical procedure for keratoconus treatment.Good outcomes can be obtained even after removal,addition,reposition or exchange of ICRS.

Liver resection vs radiofrequency ablation in single hepatocellular carcinoma of posterosuperior segments in elderly patients

BACKGROUND Liver resection and radiofrequency ablation are considered curative options for hepatocellular carcinoma.The choice between these techniques is still controversial especially in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma affecting posterosuperior segments in elderly patients.AIM To compare post-operative outcomes between liver resection and radiofrequency ablation in elderly with single hepatocellular carcinoma located in posterosuperior segments.METHODS A retrospective multicentric study was performed enrolling 77 patients age≥70-years-old with single hepatocellular carcinoma(≤30 mm),located in posterosuperior segments(4a,7,8).Patients were divided into liver resection and radiofrequency ablation groups and preoperative,peri-operative and long-term outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared using a 1:1 propensity score matching.RESULTS After propensity score matching,twenty-six patients were included in each group.Operative time and overall postoperative complications were higher in the resection group compared to the ablation group(165 min vs 20 min,P<0.01;54%vs 19%P=0.02 respectively).A median hospital stay was significantly longer in the resection group than in the ablation group(7.5 d vs 3 d,P<0.01).Ninety-day mortality was comparable between the two groups.There were no significant differences between resection and ablation group in terms of overall survival and disease free survival at 1,3,and 5 years.CONCLUSION Radiofrequency ablation in posterosuperior segments in elderly is safe and feasible and ensures a short hospital stay,better quality of life and does not modify the overall and disease-free survival.

An Efficient Plant Regeneration System of Hydrangea bretschneideri Dipp via Stem Segments as Explants

Hydrangea bretschneideri Dipp is a highly popular ornamental plant for garden decoration.Genetic engineering technology has been successfully used in many plant species,but it is limited in Hydrangea.Here we established an efficient regeneration system by using stem segments as explants for the first time.In our study,the plant growth regulators(PGRs)were evaluated at the different regeneration processes,including axillary shoots regeneration and root induction.We found that the optimal concentration for axillary buds’induction was 2.0 mgL^(-1)6-BA and 0.5 mgL^(-1)1 IAA,its highest induction rate was 70%.Moreover,the highest axillary shoots proliferation coefficient was 10.7 on the Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium with 2.0 mgL^(-1)6-benzyladenine(BA),0.2 mgL^(-1)indole-3-butyric acid(IBA),and 1.0 mgL^(-1)gibberellin A3(GA3).The highest frequency of root induction was 80.0±0.06%by culturing the elongated shoots in 1/2 MS medium containing 0.1 mgL^(-1)IBA.In summary,our study will provide an effective technology for large-scale propagation and important pathway for promoting the popularization and application of Hydrangea bretschneideri Dipp.

Establishment of Tissue Culture Regeneration Systems of Stem Segments of Euphorbia tirucalli

[Objective] The aim was to study the conditions of tissue culture regeneration seedling by using the stem segments of Euphorbia tirucalli and determine the optimum culture condition of each culture stage,so as to provide references for the factory production and relative study of tissue culture seedling of E. tirucalli. [Method] Taking the stem segments of E. tirucalli as explants,the effects of various mediums on germination rate,multiplication coefficient and rooting rate were studied. [Result] The optimum induction medium of germination culture was 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L,with differentiation rate of 89.7%; the best subculture medium was 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L＋6-BA 0.60 mg/L＋AD 3.0 mg/L,with multiplication coefficient of 5.70; the optimum rooting culture medium was 1/2MS＋NAA 0.40 mg/L＋IBA 0.4 mg/L,with rooting rate of 100% and transplanting survival rate of 80%. [Conclusion] The tissue culture conditions of stem segments of E. tirucalli were determined primarily.

Discussion of the Horizontal Intensity of Late Quaternary Fault Activity Along the Tianjingshan Fault Zone in Different Time Intervals and Fault Segments

By computing and classifying the data of gully offset obtained from field surveys along the Tianjingshan fault zone and estimating the ages of three types of gullies,the strike-slip rates along the fault zone are discussed in different time intervals and fault segments.The results suggest that the intensity of activity along the fault zone is not strong,but the differences between different time intervals and fault segments since the late Pleistocene have been obvious.The average rates range from 0.23 mm/a to 1.62 mm/a.The largest average rate is 1.40 mm/a,which occurred in the early and middle of late Pleistocene along the western segment of the fault zone.Since the late stage of the late Pleistocene,the center of faulting activity of the fault zone has shifted to the middle segment,and the average slip rates range have changed from 1.30 mm/a to 1.63 mm/a.

Multi-Decadal Trends of Global Surface Temperature:A Broken Line with Alternating~30 yr Linear Segments?

We investigate global temperature data produced by the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia (CRU) and the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature consortium (BEST). We first fit the 1850-2010 data with polynomials of degrees 1 to 9. A significant ~60-yr oscillation is accounted for as soon as degree 4 is reached. This oscillation is even better modeled as a broken line, more precisely a series of ~30-yr long linear segments, with slope breaks (singularities) in ~1904, ~1940, and ~1974 (±3 yr), and a possible recent occurrence at the turn of the 20th century. Oceanic indices PDO (Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and AMO (Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation) have undergone major changes (respectively of sign and slope) roughly at the same times as the temperature slope breaks. This can be interpreted with a system of oceanic non-linear coupled oscillators with abrupt mode shifts. Thus, the Earth’s climate may have entered a new mode (a new ~30-yr episode) near the turn of the 20th century: no further temperature increase, a dominantly negative PDO index and a decreasing AMO index might be expected for the next decade or two.

Creation of Multiple Subwavelength Focal Spot Segments Using Phase Modulated Radially Polarized Multi Gaussian Beam

Based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of complex phase filters on intensity distribution of a radially polarized multi Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is theoretically investigated. It is observed that a properly designed multi belt complex phase filter can generate subwavelength novel focal patterns including splitting of focal spots and generation of multiple focal spot segments such as eight, six and four focal spots along the optical axis are obtained. We expect that such an investigation is useful for optical manipulation and material processing, multiple high refractive index particle trapping technologies.

An Adaptive Parameter-Free Optimal Number of Market Segments Estimation Algorithm Based on a New Internal Validity Index

An appropriate optimal number of market segments(ONS)estimation is essential for an enterprise to achieve successful market segmentation,but at present,there is a serious lack of attention to this issue in market segmentation.In our study,an independent adaptive ONS estimation method BWCON-NSDK-means++is proposed by integrating a newinternal validity index(IVI)Between-Within-Connectivity(BWCON)and a newstable clustering algorithmNatural-SDK-means++(NSDK-means++)in a novel way.First,to complete the evaluation dimensions of the existing IVIs,we designed a connectivity formula based on the neighbor relationship and proposed the BWCON by integrating the connectivity with other two commonly considered measures of compactness and separation.Then,considering the stability,number of parameters and clustering performance,we proposed the NSDK-means++to participate in the integrationwhere the natural neighbor was used to optimize the initial cluster centers(ICCs)determination strategy in the SDK-means++.At last,to ensure the objectivity of the estimatedONS,we designed a BWCON-based ONS estimation framework that does not require the user to set any parameters in advance and integrated the NSDK-means++into this framework forming a practical ONS estimation tool BWCON-NSDK-means++.The final experimental results showthat the proposed BWCONand NSDK-means++are significantlymore suitable than their respective existing models to participate in the integration for determining theONS,and the proposed BWCON-NSDK-means++is demonstrably superior to the BWCON-KMA,BWCONMBK,BWCON-KM++,BWCON-RKM++,BWCON-SDKM++,BWCON-Single linkage,BWCON-Complete linkage,BWCON-Average linkage and BWCON-Ward linkage in terms of the ONS estimation.Moreover,as an independentmarket segmentation tool,the BWCON-NSDK-means++also outperforms the existing models with respect to the inter-market differentiation and sub-market size.

ON STABLE LINE SEGMENTS INALLTRIANGULATIONSOFAPLANARPOINTSET

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Feedback control of wave segments in an excitable medium

Depending on the excitability of the medium, a propagating wave segment will either contract or expand to fill the medium with spiral waves. This paper aims to introduce a simple mechanism of feedback control to stabilize such an expansion or contraction. To do this, we lay out a feedback control system in a block diagram and reduce it into a bare, universal formula. Analytical and experimental findings are compared through a series of numerical simulations of the Barkley model.

Neural Network Learning of the Interaction Between Peptide Segments of Proteins

neural network model based on backbone propagation was applied to Learn-ing and predicting the interaction between antiparallelly interactive peptide seg-ments in proteins.Hydrophobic properties pf residues were found dominant in in-terpeptides.Weights of each kind of residues, obtained by this work,suggestedsome different scales for the hydrophobicity of the residue.These will be helpful in understanding polypeptide structure and protein folding.

Stepwise evaluation of liver sectors and liver segments by endoscopic ultrasound

The liver has eight segments, which are referred to by numbers or by names. The numbering of the segments is done in a counterclockwise manner with the liver being viewed from the inferior surface, starting from Segment Ⅰ(the caudate lobe). Standard anatomical description of the liver segments is available by computed tomographic scan and ultrasonography. Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) has been used for a detailed imaging of many intra-abdominal organs and for the assessment of intra-abdominal vasculature. A stepwise evaluation of the liver segments by EUS has not been described. In this article, we have described a stepwise evaluation of the liver segments by EUS. This information can be useful for planning successful radical surgeries, preparing for biopsy, portal vein embolization, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, tumour resection or partial hepatectomy, and for planning EUS guided diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Restoration of outer segments of foveal photoreceptors after resolution of malignant hypertensive retinopathy

Dear Sir,I am Dr. Xiao-Qiang Liu, from the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. I write to report a case of malignant hypertensive retinopathy demonstrated by spectral domain optical coherence

Short- and long-term results of open vs laparoscopic multisegmental resection and anastomosis for synchronous colorectal cancer located in separate segments

BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether laparoscopic multisegmental resection and ana-stomosis(LMRA)is safe and advantageous over traditional open multisegmental resection and anastomosis(OMRA)for treating synchronous colorectal cancer(SCRC)located in separate segments.AIM To compare the short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis of OMRA as well as LMRA for SCRC located in separate segments.METHODS Patients with SCRC who underwent surgery between January 2010 and December 2021 at the Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively recruited.In accordance with the RESULTS LMRA patients showed markedly less intraoperative blood loss than OMRA patients(100 vs 200 mL,P=0.006).Compared to OMRA patients,LMRA patients exhibited markedly shorter postoperative first exhaust time(2 vs 3 d,P=0.001),postoperative first fluid intake time(3 vs 4 d,P=0.012),and postoperative hospital stay(9 vs 12 d,P=0.002).The incidence of total postoperative complications(Clavien-Dindo grade:≥II)was 2.9%and 17.1%(P=0.025)in the LMRA and OMRA groups,respectively,while the incidence of anastomotic leakage was 2.9%and 7.3%(P=0.558)in the LMRA and OMRA groups,respectively.Furthermore,the LMRA group had a higher mean number of lymph nodes dissected than the OMRA group(45.2 vs 37.3,P=0.020).The 5-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)rates in OMRA patients were 82.9%and 78.3%,respectively,while these rates in LMRA patients were 78.2%and 72.8%,respectively.Multivariate prognostic analysis revealed that N stage[OS:HR hazard ratio(HR)=10.161,P=0.026;DFS:HR=13.017,P=0.013],but not the surgical method(LMRA/OMRA)(OS:HR=0.834,P=0.749;DFS:HR=0.812,P=0.712),was the independent influencing factor in the OS and DFS of patients with SCRC.CONCLUSION LMRA is safe and feasible for patients with SCRC located in separate segments.Compared to OMRA,the LMRA approach has more advantages related to short-term efficacy.

Public Transit Connectivity Measures and Analysis of Weak Segments

Bus and any other public transit connectivity issues facilitate an understanding of the importance of transit planning in enhancing existing or new transit services. Improving transit connectivity is one of the most vital tasks in transit-operations planning. A poor connection can cause some passengers to stop using the transit service. Service-design criteria always contain postulates to improve routing and scheduling coordination （intra- and inter-agency transfer centers/points and synchronized/timed transfers）. Ostensibly the lack of well-defined connectivity measures precludes the weighing and quantifying of the result of any coordination effort. This work provides an initial methodological framework and concepts for （1） quantifying transit connectivity measures and （2） directions and tools for detecting weak segments in inter-route and inter-modal chains （paths） for possible revisions/changes.

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Novel Polypyrrole Derivatives Bearing Different Aromatic Segments

Polypyrrole (PPy) and its derivatives containing different were synthesized by the interfacial polymerization reaction using ammonium per sulfate as oxidant, and were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared, Ultraviolet/visible absorption, and Raman spectroscopic techniques. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of all samples were measured by using nanosecond Z-scan measurements at 532 nm. At the identical mass concentration of 0.15 mg·mL-1, all PPy derivatives exhibited an obvious reverse saturable absorption performance, while the saturable absorption response was observed for PPy. In addition, significant differences in their nonlinear optical performances were observed, highlighting the influence on optical nonlinearity of the aromatic segments of conjugated polymers.