Effect of Sijunzi Decoction on the Myonuclear Domain of Rat Soleus in Spleen Qi Deficiency

Objective: To study the mechanism of Sijunzi decoction treating limb weakness in spleen Qi deficiency (SQD) based on the myonuclear domain (MND) theory. Methods: 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal group, SQD model group (model group), SQD+ still water group (SW group) and SQD+ Sijunzi decoction group (CM group), 10 rats each group;Grip-Strength Meter was used to measure limb grip strength;transmission electron microscope was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of the myofibers, Image Pro 6.0 was used to measure the myonuclear numbers, cross-section area (CSA) and then their ratios (the MND sizes) were calculated, immunofluorescence assay was chosen to test the expressions of paired box gene 7 (Pax7) and myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD). Results: Compared with those in the normal group, limb grip strength was decreased, sarcomeres were abnormal, and all the myonuclear numbers, CSA and MND sizes were reduced, but the Pax7+ cell numbers were increased, significantly, in the model and SW groups;Compared with those in the model and SW groups, limb grip strength was increased, sarcomeres were basically normal, the myonuclear number and CSA were both greater, and the Pax7+ and MyoD+ cell numbers were both increased, significantly, in the CM group. Conclusion: Sijunzi decoction might increase the myonuclear number by activating the MSCs to treat limb weakness in SQD.

Research progress on effective chemical constituents of Sijunzi Decoction and mechanism of prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases

Sijunzi Decoction,as one of the classic Chinese traditional prescriptions,has been used clinically by major physicians since the Song Dynasty.This article reviewed and sorted out the literature on the effective chemistry of Sijunzi Decoction and the mechanism of its prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases.At present,its effective chemical components are derived from the saponins and flavonoids in ginseng and licorice,and are effective for gastrointestinal mucosal injury diseases and malignant digestive system.Digestive system diseases such as tumors,functional gastrointestinal diseases,non-alcoholic fatty liver,acute liver injury,and liver failure show a multi-path,multi-target effect mechanism.This article reviews the effective chemical components and research of Sijunzi Decoction and the related mechanisms of prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases,and provides valuable clues for the follow-up research of Sijunzi Decoction.

Determination of Liquiritigenin, Liquiritin, Isoliquiritigenin and Isoliquiritin in Extract of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sijunzi Decoction by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Aim An HPLC-UV method for the analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） preparation, Sijunzi decoction, has been developed. Four flavonoid marker compounds, liquiritigenin, liquiritin, isoliquiritigenin, and isoliquiritin, from Radix Glycyrrhizae were quantitatively analyzed in this preparation. Methods The separation was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column by using a gradient elution with mobile phase of （A） water-formic acid （100∶0.04, V/V） （pH 3） and （B） acetonitrile. The mobile phase gradient was set from 0-5 min at 10% of B and 45 min to 90% of B. The assay was carried out at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min-1 at room temperature with the UV detection wavelengths at 280 nm and 368 nm. Results The extract （25 mg·mL^-1） of Sijunzi decoction contains 1.47 μg·mL^-1 liquiritigenin, 16.40 μg·mL^-1 liquiritin, 0.66 μg·mL^-1 isoliquiritigenin, and 2.12 μg·mL^-1 isoliquiritin. The recoveries for the sample preparation of the markers were 102.2%, 97.7%, 100.3%, and 99.9%, respectively. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate. This study reports a routine quantitative method for the analysis of multiple components in Sijunzi decoction by HPLC.

Total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction attenuate tumor necrosis factor-α-induced damage to the barrier function of a Caco-2 cell monolayer via the nuclear factor-κB-myosin light chain kinase-myosin light chain pathway

AIM To explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction(TPSJ) on the epithelial barriers in vitro. METHODS Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with or without TPSJ in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) were measured to evaluate the epithelial barrier function. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were respecti-vely used to evaluate the distribution and expression of the tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin in Caco-2 cells. western blotting was also used to evaluate the cellular expression of myosin light chain(MLC), phosphorylated MLC(pM LC), MLC kinase(MLCK), and nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65. RESULTS TPSJ promoted the proliferation of Caco-2 cells and inhibited TNF-α-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cyto-kines. Furthermore, TPSJ significantly ameliorated both the reduction of TEER and the increased paracellular permeability observed in tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-damaged Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, TPSJ remarkably attenuated TNF-α-induced morphological changes, downregulated the expression of claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin, and markedly suppressed TNF-α-mediated upregulation of p-MLC and MLCK expression. Finally, TPSJ inhibited the activation and expression of NF-κB p65. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that TPSJ alleviates the TNF-α-induced impairment of the intestinal epithelial cell barrier function by suppressing NF-κB p65-mediated phosphorylation of MLCK and MLC.

Efficacy and safety of Sijunzi Decoction for peptic ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) for peptic ulcers (PUs) through the assessment of randomized controlled tHals (RCTs).Methods:Five English and four Chinese databases were systematically searched to identify eligible RCTs that investigated the effect of SJZD for PUs.SJZD was used either independently or concomitantly with routine anti-ulcer treatments and compared with no intervention,placebo,or conventional therapy.Outcomes evaluated included ulcer healing,symptom improvement,Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication,ulcer recurrence,and adverse reactions.Statistical analysis and risk of bias was evaluated by Revman 5.3.Results:Fourteen trials involving 1476 participants fulfilled the selection criteria.All trials were presented with a high risk of bias.Analyses showed that modified SJZD had significant benefit on ulcer healing compared with ranitidine and sucralfate and triple therapy with omeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin.Compared with this omeprazole triple therapy and therapy using pantoprazole,the addition of modified SJZD was superior.Regarding symptom improvement,modified SJZD was significantly better than ranitidine and sucralfate and had an added benefit when supplemented with either of two omeprazole triple therapies (omeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin,and omeprazole,levofloxacin and furazolidone) or pantoprazole.Furthermore,modified SJZD had a favorable effect on Hp eradication compared with cimetidine and additional benefit was noted when complemented with either of the two omeprazole triple therapies or therapy consisting of omeprazole and amoxicillin.Modified SJZD was superior at reducing ulcer recurrence among healed patients compared with cimetidine.Modified SJZD with triple-drug regimen comprising omeprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin was also found to be more effective at reducing ulcer relapse compared with the triple therapy alone.No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion:Modified SJZD,used independently or as a complementary treatment to conventional ulcer-healing treatments,promoted PU healing,alleviated symptoms,eradicated Hp,and reduced ulcer relapse.Modified SJZD was relatively safe.However,rigorous randomized controlled trials are required to provide further support for these effects because of the high risk of bias and limited sample size of the included trials.

Effect of Sijunzi decoction combined with nutritional support after gastric cancer surgery on the stress inflammatory response and immune response

Objective:To study the effect of Sijunzi decoction combined with nutritional support after gastric cancer operation on the stress inflammatory response and immune response.Methods:Patients who received radical operation for gastric cancer in West China Hospital between March 2015 and August 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group who accepted Sijunzi decoction combined with enteral nutrition support after operation and the control group who accepted routine enteral nutrition support after operation. The stress inflammatory response indexes in serum and the immune response indexes in peripheral blood were measured before operation and 3 d after operation.Results: 3 d after operation, Cor, Gluc, Ins, O2-, CRP, TNF-α, YKL-40, MK and IL-6 contents in serum as well as GATA-3, RORγt and Foxp3 expression in peripheral blood of both groups were higher than those before operation whereas HO-1 and SOD contents in serum as well as CD3+CD4+T cell, CD3+CD8+T cell, CD16+CD56+NK cell and CD19+B cell contents and T-bet expression in peripheral blood were lower than those before operation, and Cor, Gluc, Ins, O2-, CRP, TNF-α, YKL-40, MK and IL-6 contents in serum as well as GATA-3, RORγt and Foxp3 expression in peripheral blood of observation group were lower than those of control group whereas HO-1 and SOD contents in serum as well as CD3+CD4+T cell, CD3+CD8+T cell, CD16+CD56+NK cell and CD19+B cell contents and T-bet expression in peripheral blood were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Sijunzi decoction combined with nutritional support after gastric cancer operation can reduce the stress inflammatory response and enhance the immune response.

Identification of anti-inflammatory components in Panax ginseng of Sijunzi Decoction based on spectrum-effect relationship

Objective: This study aimed to identify the main medicinal active components of Panax ginseng(P. ginseng) in the compatibility environment of clinical application. For this purpose, the anti-inflammatory ingredients of P. ginseng were investigated based on its therapeutic effect in Sijunzi Decoction(SJD) which is a widely used traditional Chinese formula.Methods: The fingerprints of 10 batches of SJD consisting of different sources of P. ginseng were established by UPLC technique to investigate the chemical components. At the same time, the antiinflammatory effects of these components were evaluated by dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model. Grey relational analysis was applied to explore the correlation degree between fingerprints and anti-inflammatory effects in SJD. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages were established to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of the screened effective substances of P. ginseng.Results: According to grey relational analysis, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg2 and ginsenoside Rb3of P. ginseng were the major anti-inflammatory contributions in SJD. They had been proven to be closely associated with the anti-inflammatory process of SJD and displayed a close effect compared with SJD by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages.Conclusion: Our work provides a general strategy for exploring the pharmacological ingredients of P. ginseng in traditional Chinese formulas which is beneficial for establishing the quality standards of traditional herbs in traditional Chinese medicine prescription based on their clinical therapeutic effect.

基于TNF-α/NF-κB通路探讨四君子汤对快速衰老型小鼠海马神经元炎症因子调节自噬蛋白的作用机制研究

目的 探讨四君子汤(Sijunzi decoction,SJZD)对快速衰老型(senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8,SAMP8)小鼠海马组织炎症因子、自噬蛋白表达的影响及作用机制。方法 将SAMR1小鼠作为对照组、32只SAMP8小鼠分为模型组、多奈哌齐组(Donepezil)、SJZD低、高剂量治疗组。采用Y字迷宫实验检测小鼠记忆功能的变化;免疫组化法检测NF-κB蛋白表达变化;ELISA法检测肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量;Western blot法检测海马组织Aβ蛋白、caspse-1、beclin-1、LC3-II蛋白表达。结果 与对照组比较,模型组小鼠总进臂次数减少、交替次数减少,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量升高,Aβ蛋白、caspse-1蛋白表达上调,beclin-1蛋白及LC3-II蛋白表达下调;Donepezil与模型组比较,总进臂次数增加,交替次数增加,IL-6含量减少,Aβ蛋白表达下调。SJZD低剂量组和高剂量组,与模型组比较,总进臂次数增加,交替次数增加;TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、Aβ蛋白、caspase-1含量降低;beclin-1、LC3-II蛋白表达上调。结论 四君子汤治疗阿尔茨海默病可能与纠正中枢海马相关炎症因子及自噬功能失调有关。

肠内营养联合四君子汤对消化道肿瘤术后临床疗效的Meta分析

目的:系统评价肠内营养联合四君子汤对消化道肿瘤术后的临床疗效及其安全性。方法:通过计算机检索相关外文电子数据库:Cochrane图书馆、PubMed数据库和EMbase数据库,以及国内中文数据库:中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、重庆维普科技数据库和万方数据等,并手工检索无电子版的杂志增刊和会议论文来收集文献。筛选并纳入肠内营养联合四君子汤用于消化道肿瘤术后的临床随机对照试验,文献语种限定为中文或者英文,所有检索时间范围为各数据库建库至2022年10月1日。由两名研究人员各自独立对文献资料的各项数据进行提取,并完成对文献资料的方法学质量评价和结果分析,采用RevMan5.2.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:本次研究共纳入13个临床随机对照试验研究,研究质量均不高。Meta分析结果显示肠内营养联合四君子汤在改善消化道肿瘤术后患者的细胞免疫指标、体液免疫指标、营养指标均高于单独使用肠内营养治疗(P <0.05),而不良反应发生率的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论:由于纳入文献篇目较少,文献质量不统一,且原始文献均为中文文献,当前的证据还不能确认该治疗方式在临床实践中是否完全有效,但是从目前的研究来看,其疗效优势值得进一步探究,尤其需要进行高质量的多中心大样本随机双盲对照试验来验证其疗效。

李宜瑞辨治注意缺陷多动障碍经验

注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童时期常见的以注意力不集中、多动和冲动为特征的精神-心理-行为障碍疾病之一。李宜瑞教授认为,本病系脏腑阴阳失调所致,心脾肾不足乃病机之本,常兼肝亢、痰湿等标证。临证时宜审慎辨证,用药以四君子汤为基础方,重视健脾,合用龙骨、首乌藤、白芍、石菖蒲、远志、益智、合欢皮、连翘等以增智养神、祛痰开窍,心脾肾同治;同时根据伴随症状进行加减用药,标本兼顾,以调和脏腑阴阳,从而改善注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的注意力、记忆力。

四君子汤调控AMPK-SIRT1蛋白改善运动性疲劳小鼠学习记忆的机制研究

目的:观察四君子汤对运动性疲劳(EF)小鼠AMPK/SIRT1信号通路的影响,并探讨其改善EF认知损伤和学习记忆能力的机制。方法:将60只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、四君子汤高剂量组、四君子汤中剂量组、四君子汤低剂量组。除空白组外,其他各组小鼠构建脾气虚证EF小鼠模型。四君子汤高、中、低剂量组小鼠分别给予不同浓度的四君子汤灌胃,空白组和模型组以等体积蒸馏水灌胃,各组连续灌胃4周。采用Morris水迷宫实验评估小鼠的认知功能,采用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中乳酸、血糖、肝糖原、肌糖原的水平,Western Blot法检测小鼠脑组织中AMPK和SIRT1的蛋白表达量。结果:实验后,模型组小鼠体质量、摄食量、血糖、肝糖原含量、肌糖原含量、目标象限游泳时间、穿越平台次数、AMPK蛋白表达量、SIRT1蛋白表达量低于空白组,血清乳酸水平高于空白组(P<0.05)。给药干预后,四君子汤高、中、低剂量组小鼠体质量、摄食量、力竭游泳时间、肝糖原含量、肌糖原含量、目标象限游泳时间、穿越平台次数高于模型组,血清乳酸水平低于模型组(P<0.05)。四君子汤高剂量小鼠游泳力竭时间高于低剂量组,乳酸水平低于低剂量组(P<0.05)。四君子汤高、中剂量组肝糖原、肌糖原含量高于低剂量组(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,四君子汤高、中剂量组AMPK及SIRT1蛋白表达量增多(P<0.05),四君子汤低剂量组SIRT1蛋白表达量增多(P<0.05)。与四君子汤低剂量组比较,四君子汤高、中剂量组AMPK及SIRT1蛋白表达量增多(P<0.05)。结论:四君子汤可在一定程度调控AMPK/SIRT1的活性,进而改善EF小鼠脾虚症状。

脾虚证功能性消化不良十二指肠黏膜下神经节损伤及四君子汤对其干预的研究

目的研究脾虚证功能性消化不良(Functional dyspepsia,FD)十二指肠黏膜下神经节损伤表现及四君子汤对其干预的情况。方法36只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和四君子汤低、中、高剂量组、西药组,每组6只。除空白组外,其他组均采用碘乙酰胺灌胃+站小平台法+隔日禁食法建立脾虚气滞证FD大鼠模型。四君子汤各剂量组分别给予相应剂量四君子汤灌胃,西药组给予枸橼酸莫沙必利灌胃,空白组和模型组灌胃等量生理盐水。比较6组大鼠造模前后、治疗前后体质量变化情况,治疗后的胃排空率、十二指肠黏膜下神经节细胞结构形态与数量。结果造模后,其他5组大鼠的体质量增加均少于空白组(均P<0.05);药物治疗后,四君子汤中、高剂量组和西药组大鼠的体质量增加均大于模型组(均P<0.05)。模型组的胃排空率低于空白组,而四君子汤各剂量组和西药组大鼠的胃排空率均高于模型组(均P<0.05)。模型组的十二指肠黏膜下神经元细胞数量低于空白组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);四君子汤中、高剂量组和西药组的十二指肠黏膜下神经元细胞数量均高于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论十二指肠黏膜下神经节损伤是FD脾虚证的重要体现,四君子汤可修复十二指肠黏膜下神经节损伤情况,促进脾虚证FD大鼠胃排空及体质量增长,四君子汤治疗脾虚滞证FD疗效确切,其机制可能与十二指肠黏膜下神经节有关。

基于网络药理学探讨寿胎四君子汤调控子宫蠕动波的作用机制

目的采用网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨寿胎四君子汤调控子宫蠕动波潜在作用靶点和作用机制。方法根据中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)和中药综合数据库(TCMID)筛选寿胎四君子汤的药物活性成分及作用靶点,同时利用Gencards和Drug Bank数据库挖掘子宫蠕动波相关靶点,取交集后,得到寿胎四君子汤调控异常子宫内膜蠕动波的潜在作用靶点。利用STRING平台构建潜在作用靶点蛋白相互作用网络,应用Cytoscape软件构建“药物-活性成分-交集靶点-疾病”网络。采用“cluster Profiler”包进行基因本体(GO)功能富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。采用Py MOL和Au To Dock软件对核心作用靶点和活性成分单体进行分子对接验证。结果检索出寿胎四君子汤594个靶点,子宫蠕动波相关靶点90个,得到交集靶点共33个。山柰酚、β-谷甾醇、槲皮素、异鼠李素和7-甲氧基-2-甲基异黄酮为寿胎四君子的主要活性成分单体,内皮型一氧化氮合酶(NOS3)、瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1(TRPV1)、前列腺素合成酶2(PTGS2)、胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)和前列腺素合成酶1(PTGS1)为核心作用靶点。KEGG通路主要富集在神经活性配体-受体相互作用、钙信号通路、5-羟色胺能突触、肾素分泌、瞬时受体电位(TRP)通道的炎症介质调节、环磷酸鸟苷酸-蛋白激酶G(c GMP-PKG)信号通路和松弛素信号通路等。分子对接显示山柰酚、β-谷甾醇、槲皮素、异鼠李素和7-甲氧基-2-甲基异黄酮均能与核心作用靶点稳定结合。结论寿胎四君子汤可能靶向NOS3、TRPV1、PTGS2、CASP3和PTGS1等核心基因,调控神经活性配体-受体相互作用、钙信号通路、5-羟色胺能突触、肾素分泌、TRP通道的炎症介质调节、c GMP-PKG信号通路和松弛素信号等通路,发挥调控子宫蠕动波的作用。

防己黄芪汤合四君子汤辅助常规西药治疗肝硬化腹水临床研究

目的:观察防己黄芪汤合四君子汤辅助常规西药治疗肝硬化腹水的临床疗效。方法:将104例肝硬化腹水患者以随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组各52例,2组均给予常规西药治疗,研究组在此基础上给予防己黄芪汤合四君子汤治疗。比较2组临床疗效、临床指标、肝功能及肝纤维化指标。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率92.31%,高于对照组76.92%(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组24 h尿量均增多(P<0.05),且研究组多于对照组(P<0.05);2组腹围、体质量及腹水深度均减小(P<0.05),且研究组小于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)水平均降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)及Ⅲ型胶原(PCⅢ)水平均降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:防己黄芪汤合四君子汤辅助常规西药治疗肝硬化腹水临床疗效显著,可增加24 h尿量,降低腹围、体质量及腹水深度,改善患者肝功能及肝纤维化程度。

四君子汤治疗脾虚型慢性疲劳综合征临床研究

目的:观察四君子汤治疗脾虚型慢性疲劳综合征的临床疗效。方法:选取脾虚型慢性疲劳综合征患者72例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各36例。2组均提供健康宣教,试验组采用四君子汤颗粒剂治疗,对照组给予安慰剂颗粒干预。比较2组临床疗效和安全性,以及治疗前后疲劳症状评分、中医证候评分、疲劳度[Chalder疲劳问卷评分表(Chalder)]评分、SF-36健康调查量表中文版(SF-36)评分、五水平五维健康量表(EQ-5D-5L)评分及血清氧化应激指标[皮质醇稳定蛋白(CORT)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)]水平。结果:治疗后,试验组总有效率为94.44%,对照组为77.78%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1、2个月后,2组睡眠障碍、紧张焦虑和记忆力减退等疲劳症状评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且试验组3项评分在相同时间点均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1、2个月后,2组中医证候评分、Chalder评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且试验组中医证候评分、Chalder评分在相同时间点均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1、2个月后,2组SF-36、EQ-VAS评分评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05);且试验组2项评分在相同时间点均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1、2个月后,2组血清中CORT、SOD及GSH-PX水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),MDA水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且试验组CORT、SOD及GSH-PX水平在相同时间点均高于对照组(P<0.05),MDA水平在相同时间点低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:四君子汤治疗脾虚型慢性疲劳综合征疗效显著,可改善脾虚症状,提高患者生活质量,改善氧化应激反应,且安全性较好。

四君子汤加减辨治萎缩性胃炎临床经验总结

萎缩性胃炎也称为慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG),主要表现为胃粘膜上皮和腺体萎缩,数量减少,胃粘膜变薄,粘膜基底部增厚,或者伴有幽门腺化生和肠腺化生,或者以不典型增生为特征的胃粘膜常见慢性病变之一。萎缩性胃炎与胃癌发病密切相关,已被世界卫生组织列为胃癌的高危险因素,其中重度萎缩性胃炎且伴有中重度不典型增生又被称为癌前病变。萎缩性胃炎通过常规胃镜检查和胃黏膜活检可以明确诊断。近年来,中医药治疗萎缩性胃炎取得了显著的疗效,有着西医不可替代的独特优势,本文将第六批全国老中医继承指导老师刘苏主任中医师有关四君子汤加减治疗萎缩性胃炎的临床经验进行总结。

Effects and mechanisms of Bazhen decoction,Siwu decoction,and Sijunzi decoction on 5-fluorouracil-induced anemia in mice

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Bazhen decoction(BZD),Siwu decoction(SWD) and Sijunzi decoction(SJZD) in mice with anemia induced by5-fluorouracil(5-FU) and discussed the possible pharmacological hematopoietic mechanism to provide experimental evidence for the clinical use of the three classical prescriptions in the treatment of anemia.METHODS:Anemia was induced by intravenous injection of 5-FU and 80 female Kunming mice were randomly,assigned to oral administration of SWD,SJZD,or BZD daily for 10 days.Peripheral blood cells count and bone marrow cell cycle were monitored to evaluate anti-anemia effects.Serum cytokines,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-3(IL-3),erythropoietin(EPO),granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor(GM-CSF),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were assayed.EPO m RNA expression was assayed in kidney and liver tissue homogenates.RESULTS:BZD and SWD significantly increased the number of red blood cells,hemoglobin concentration,and hematocrit,promoted bone marrow cells to enter the cell cycle,proliferate and differentiate,significantly increased IL-3 secretion,and significantly inhibited IFN-γ secretion.BZD stimulated transcription of EPO m RNA in the kidney and liver and enhanced serum EPO expression.A therapeutic effect of SJZD was not observed.CONCLUSION:BZD and SWD treatment specifically enhanced hematopoietic function and mediated myelopoiesis by altering serum cytokines levels and accelerating entry of bone marrow cells into the cell cycle.Better curative effects were achieved via nourishing both Qi and blood(BZD) than by enriching the blood(SWD) or invigorating Qi(SWZD)alone.

植物乳杆菌发酵四君子散对肉鸡生长性能的影响

在减抗替抗的要求下,发酵中药因其绿色天然、无药物残留的优点被广泛应用于畜禽养殖中。为研究植物乳杆菌发酵四君子散对肉鸡生长性能的影响,选取75只健康罗斯308肉鸡,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照)、基础日粮+1%四君子散、基础日粮+0.5%植物乳杆菌、基础日粮+0.5%植物乳杆菌+1%四君子散、基础日粮+1%发酵四君子散,通过测定肉鸡平均日增质量、平均日采食量、料肉比、饲料和粪便中粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量、血清生化指标和小肠中消化酶的活性来分析发酵四君子散对肉鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,发酵四君子散显著降低了肉鸡料肉比,显著提高了肉鸡粗蛋白和粗脂肪消化率,显著降低了血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,而对血清中尿素氮(BUN)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量无显著影响。同时,发酵四君子散能显著提高十二指肠中α-淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性以及小肠各肠段胰蛋白酶活性。综上,发酵四君子散可作为饲料添加剂,有效降低肉鸡料肉比,增加养分表观消化率,增强小肠消化酶的活性,提高肉鸡生长性能。

Progress in Research on Applying Sijunzi Decoction (四君子汤) in Treating Digestive Malignant Tumor

Patients with digestive malignant tumor always have their immune function, especially the cellular immunity, suppressed to a certain extent. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） holds that Pi （脾 ）-Wei （胃） is the essence of postnatal life, and the genesis and development of digestive tumor are chiefly due to the insufficiency of vital-qi, which makes the body open to the invasion of evil pathogens. Starting from regulating the immune function of organisms, researchers recently obtained some therapeutic effects by applying the Chinese recipe, Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤）, in the treatment of digestive malignant tumors. In this paper, the related studies on the concerned basic theory and clinical application were reviewed.

四君子汤对糖尿病引起记忆损伤小鼠的神经保护作用

目的 探究四君子汤对1型糖尿病引起认知损伤小鼠的神经保护作用。方法 ICR小鼠腹腔注射STZ,4周后通过Morris水迷宫实验筛选记忆损伤小鼠。记忆损伤小鼠随机分为模型组、雷帕霉素组和四君子汤低、中、高剂量组(1.56、3.12、6.24 g/kg),检测血糖和体质量,给药6周后检测糖耐量,ELISA法检测血清胰岛素水平,Morris水迷宫实验检测学习记忆能力,条件恐惧实验检测恐惧记忆消退能力,HE染色和尼氏染色观察脑组织病理变化,试剂盒检测海马组织SOD活性和MDA水平,Western blot法检测海马组织p-AMPK、p-mTOR、NR^(2)A、NR^(2)B、NR1、Shank 3、PSD 95蛋白表达。结果 腹腔注射STZ能诱导小鼠出现认知功能障碍。与模型组比较,四君子汤能降低糖尿病小鼠血糖,改善认知功能障碍,减轻海马组织神经元细胞损伤,抑制氧化应激反应,上调海马组织中p-AMPK、Shank 3、PSD 95、NR^(2)A、NR^(2)B、NR1蛋白表达,下调p-mTOR蛋白表达。结论 四君子汤能提高糖尿病小鼠胰岛素敏感性,改善糖尿病引起的认知功能障碍,减轻神经元细胞损伤,其机制可能与通过AMPK/mTOR信号通路调控突触蛋白表达、保护海马突触稳态、改善突触功能有关。