PARTITION OF UNITY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR SHORT WAVE PROPAGATION IN SOLIDS

A partition of unity finite element method for numerical simulation of short wave propagation in solids is presented. The finite element spaces were constructed by multiplying the standard isoparametric finite element shape functions, which form a partition of unity, with the local subspaces defined on the corresponding shape functions, which include a priori knowledge about the wave motion equation in trial spaces and approximately reproduce the highly oscillatory properties within a single element. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the proposed partition of unity finite element in both computational accuracy and efficiency.

A Comparative Study on the Truck Frame Stiffness with Solid and Beam Element FEA Models

Truck frames should be designed and fabricated with enough rigidity to avoid excessive deflections. Finite element analysis (FEA) plays an important role in all stages of frame designs. While being accurate, 3D solid element FEA models are built upon frame configuration details which are not feasible in the preliminary design stage, partially because of limited available design data of frames and heavy computation costs. This research develops 1D beam element FEA models for simulating frame structures. In this paper, the CAD model of a truck frame is first created. The solid element FEA analysis, which is adopted as the baseline in this study, is subsequently conducted for the stiffness of the frame, Next, beam element FEA analysis is performed for validating the feasibility of the beam element FEA model by comparing the results from the solid and beam element FEA models. It is found that the beam element FEA model can predict the frame stiffness with acceptable accuracy and reduce the computation cost significantly.

Conversion between solid and beam element solutions of finite element method based on meta-modeling theory:development and application to a ramp tunnel structure

In this study, a new method for conversion of solid finite element solution to beam finite element solution is developed based on the meta-modeling theory which constructs a model consistent with continuum mechanics. The proposed method is rigorous and efficient compared to a typical conversion method which merely computes surface integration of solid element nodal stresses to obtain cross-sectional forces. The meta-modeling theory ensures the rigorousness of proposed method by defining a proper distance between beam element and solid element solutions in a function space of continuum mechanics. Results of numerical verification test that is conducted with a simple cantilever beam are used to find the proper distance function for this conversion. Time history analysis of the main tunnel structure of a real ramp tunnel is considered as a numerical example for the proposed conversion method. It is shown that cross-sectional forces are readily computed for solid element solution of the main tunnel structure when it is converted to a beam element solution using the proposed method. Further, envelopes of resultant forces which are of primary importance for the purpose of design, are developed for a given ground motion at the end.

Approach of technical decision-making by element flow analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation of municipal solid waste stream

This paper deals with the procedure and methodology which can be used to select the optimal treatment and disposal technology of municipal solid waste （MSW）, and to provide practical and effective technical support to policy-making, on the basis of study on solid waste management status and development trend in China and abroad. Focusing on various treatment and disposal technologies and processes of MSW, this study established a Monte-Carlo mathematical model of cost minimization for MSW handling subjected to environmental constraints. A new method of element stream （such as C, H, O, N, S） analysis in combination with economic stream analysis of MSW was developed. By following the streams of different treatment processes consisting of various techniques from generation, separation, transfer, transport, treatment, recycling and disposal of the wastes, the element constitution as well as its economic distribution in terms of possibility functions was identified. Every technique step was evaluated economically. The Mont-Carlo method was then conducted for model calibration. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to identify the most sensitive factors. Model calibration indicated that landfill with power generation of landfill gas was economically the optimal technology at the present stage under the condition of more than 58% of C, H, O, N, S going to landfill. Whether or not to generate electricity was the most sensitive factor. If landfilling cost increases, MSW separation treatment was recommended by screening first followed with incinerating partially and composting partially with residue landfilling. The possibility of incineration model selection as the optimal technology was affected by the city scale. For big cities and metropolitans with large MSW generation, possibility for constructing large-scale incineration facilities increases, whereas, for middle and small cities, the effectiveness of incinerating waste decreases.

Fractional four-step finite element method for analysis of thermally coupled fluid-solid interaction problems

An integrated fluid-thermal-structural analysis approach is presented. In this approach, the heat conduction in a solid is coupled with the heat convection in the viscous flow of the fluid resulting in the thermal stress in the solid. The fractional four-step finite element method and the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin （SUPG） method are used to analyze the viscous thermal flow in the fluid. Analyses of the heat transfer and the thermal stress in the solid axe performed by the Galerkin method. The second-order semi- implicit Crank-Nicolson scheme is used for the time integration. The resulting nonlinear equations are lineaxized to improve the computational efficiency. The integrated analysis method uses a three-node triangular element with equal-order interpolation functions for the fluid velocity components, the pressure, the temperature, and the solid displacements to simplify the overall finite element formulation. The main advantage of the present method is to consistently couple the heat transfer along the fluid-solid interface. Results of several tested problems show effectiveness of the present finite element method, which provides insight into the integrated fluid-thermal-structural interaction phenomena.

Treatment of discontinuous interface in liquid-solid forming with extended finite element method

Extended finite element method(XFEM) is proposed to simulate the discontinuous interface in the liquid-solid forming process.The discontinuous interface is an important phenomenon happening in the liquid-solid forming processes and it is difficult to be simulated accurately with conventional finite element method(CFEM) because it involves solid phase and liquid phase simultaneously.XFEM is becoming more and more popular with the need of solving the discontinuous problem happening in engineering field.The implementation method of XFEM is proposed on Abaqus code by using UEL(user element) with the flowchart.The key is to modify the element stiffness in the proposed method by using UEL on the platform of Abaqus code.In contrast to XFEM used in the simulation of solidification,the geometrical and physical properties of elements were modified at the same time in our method that is beneficial to getting smooth interface transition and precise analysis results.The analysis is simplified significantly with XFEM.

PARTITION OF UNITY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR SHORT WAVE PROPAGATION IN SOLIDS

A partition of unity finite element method for numerical simulation of short wave propagation in solids is presented. The finite element spaces were constructed by multiplying the standard isoparametric finite element shape functions, which form a partition of unity, with the local subspaces defined on the corresponding shape functions, which include a priori knowledge about the wave motion equation in trial spaces and approximately reproduce the highly oscillatory properties within a single element. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the proposed partition of unity finite element in both computational accuracy and efficiency.

Two-dimensional simulation on the rolling process of semi-solid 60Si2Mn by finite element method

The effect of various process variables on the law of metal flow for semi-solid rolling 60Si2Mn was studied by finite element method. Semi-solid 60Si2Mn can be described as compressible rigid visco-plastic porous material saturated with liquid. In terms of ther-mo-mechanical coupling condition, the distributions of stress, velocity and temperature were studied using software MARC. The simulation results show that the rigid visco-plastic model can accurately describe the semi-solid 60Si2Mn rolling process. The great deformation can achieve completely in view of low flow stress of semi-solid slurry.

Coupling of discrete-element method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics for liquid-solid flows

Particle based methods can be used for both the simulations of solid and fluid phases in multiphase medium, such as the discrete-element method for solid phase and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics for fluid phase. This paper presents a computational method combining these two methods for solid-liquid medium. The two phases are coupled by using an improved model from a reported Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The technique is verified by simulating liquid-solid flows in a two-dimensional lid-driven cavity.

Finite Element Formulation and Analysis of Fracture Resistance Effected by Near-Tip Nonlinearities in Piezoelectric Solids

Comsidering the fact there are no systematic study on crack effected by large-scale near--tip nonlinearitiesup to now, a nonlinear finite element formulation accounting for nonlinearities and elasticity coupled with piezoelectricity is derived and a finite element program is developed. Numerical examples are presented to show the effect of nonlinear fracture characteristics on fracture resistance. It is found that an electric field may give a negative driving forceto prevent crack propagation.

Beam与Solid两种点焊模拟方法对比研究

在汽车整车有限元仿真分析中,点焊的建模对仿真精度影响较大。仿真中,针对焊点在网格中的位置及焊接母材壳单元积分方式的不同,分析了采用Beam单元和Solid单元模拟焊点时Lap-shear模型所表现出的力学性能的稳定性,并将得出的结论应用到100%整车正面碰撞中进行验证。结果表明,采用Solid单元模拟焊点时,Lap-shear模型所表现出的力学性能的稳定性相对较高;在考虑点焊失效的情况下,采用Solid点焊单元来模拟焊点比较准确。

Finite Element Analysis of Smart Structures with Piezoelectric Sensors/Actuators Including Debonding

In vibration active control of composite structures, piezoelectricsensors/actuators are usually bonded to the surface of a host structure. Debonding of piezoelectricsensors/actuators can result in significant changes to the static and dynamic response. In thepresent paper, an novel Enhanced Assumed Strain(EAS) piezoelectric solid element formulation isdeveloped for vibration active control of laminated structures bonded with piezoelectric sensors andactuators. Unlike the conventional brick elements, the present formulation is very reliable, moreaccurate, and computationally efficient and can be used to model the response of shell structuresbesides thin plates. Delaminations are modeled by pairs of nodes with the same coordinates butdifferent node numbers, and numerical results demonstrate the performance of the element and theglobal and local effects of debonding sensors/actuators on the dynamics of the adaptive laminates.

基于Shell-Solid单元混合建模技术的焊接数值模拟方法

针对焊接数值模拟的体单元模型计算效率低和壳单元模型计算精度低的问题,本文提出了一种焊接过程数值模拟的Shell-Solid单元混合建模方法。以平板对接焊为例,分别采用Shell单元、Solid单元和Shell-Solid单元混合建模,开展了焊接温度场和结构热力耦合响应的数值模拟,对比分析了温度场、应力场及计算效率。结果表明:混合模型既保证了焊接温度场和结构响应的计算精度,又保证了计算效率,是一种值得深入研究的焊接模拟建模方法。

基于SolidWorks电动滚筒右法兰轴设计

用SolidWorks为平台,建立右法兰轴实体模型,并用Simulation对实体模型进行有限元静力分析和模态分析,得到应力、位移分布规律,找出危险截面所在,计算出固有频率,避免其在工作时发生共振,为右法兰轴设计提供理论依据。

基于SolidWorks的胶管钢丝编织机主传动系统分析

通过构建钢丝编织机主传动系统的的虚拟仿真系统,提高胶管钢丝编织机主传动系统的设计效率。基于SolidWorks平台,建立钢丝编织机主传动系统的三维模型,通过Motion进行运动仿真,获取齿轮的转速曲线,并通过Simulation进行有限元分析,得到钢丝编织机的运动特性,从而优化主传动系统。

Modeling the dynamic process of tsunami earthquake by liquid-solid coupling model

Tsunami induced by earthquake is an interaction problem between liquid and solid.Shallow-water wave equation is often used to modeling the tsunami,and the boundary or initial condition of the problem is determined by the displacement or velocity field from the earthquake under sea floor,usually no interaction between them is consid-ered in pure liquid model.In this study,the potential flow theory and the finite element method with the interaction between liquid and solid are employed to model the dynamic processes of the earthquake and tsunami.For model-ing the earthquake,firstly the initial stress field to generate the earthquake is set up,and then the occurrence of the earthquake is simulated by suddenly reducing the elastic material parameters inside the earthquake fault.It is dif-ferent from seismic dislocation theory in which the relative slip on the fault is specified in advance.The modeling results reveal that P,SP and the surface wave can be found at the sea surface besides the tsunami wave.The surface wave arrives at the distance of 600 km from the epicenter earlier than the tsunami 48 minutes,and its maximum amplitude is 0.55 m,which is 2 times as large as that of the sea floor.Tsunami warning information can be taken from the surface wave on the sea surface,which is much earlier than that obtained from the seismograph stations on land.The tsunami speed on the open sea with 3 km depth is 175.8 m/s,which is a little greater than that pre-dicted by long wave theory,(gh)1/2=171.5 m,and its wavelength and amplitude in average are 32 km and 2 m,respectively.After the tsunami propagates to the continental shelf,its speed and wavelength is reduced,but its amplitude become greater,especially,it can elevate up to 10 m and run 55 m forward in vertical and horizontal directions at sea shore,respectively.The maximum vertical accelerations at the epicenter on the sea surface and on the earthquake fault are 5.9 m/s2 and 16.5 m/s2,respectively,the later is 2.8 times the former,and therefore,sea water is a good shock absorber.The acceleration at the sea shore is about 1/10 as large as at the epicenter.The maximum vertical velocity at the epicenter is 1.4 times that on the fault.The maximum vertical displacement at the fault is less than that at the epicenter.The difference between them is the amplitude of the tsunami at the epicenter.The time of the maximum displacement to occur on the fault is not at the beginning of the fault slipping but retards 23 s.

基于solid works码垛机器人的结构设计及其部件分析

针对物流仓储中危险品搬运的特殊需求,根据实用功能需求和以往搬运机器人的性能要求,设计了一种码垛机器人。介绍了机器人的总体及其重要部件的设计功能。通过布局草图设计零件模型,采用自上而下的建模方法,利用Solid works对三自由度码垛机器人的基本结构及组成部件进行建模,利用Solid works simulation插件进行了装配干涉检查并对其关键部件的设计进行了分析,以确保关键部位可靠性和安全性。分析结果显示,该机器人在满负载情况下,车架的设计能够满足危险品物流自动化的需求,因而提供了一种实用型的码垛机器人的特殊设计。

发育性髋关节发育不良患者固液双相纤维增强软骨的力学性能

背景:发育性髋关节发育不良由于髋臼、股骨头存在结构、大小及方向等方面的畸形,患者长时间活动或站立会引起腹股沟疼痛,如果得不到有效的治疗,患者的正常活动将严重受限。目的:基于FEBio建立具有固液双相纤维增强软骨的球-窝髋关节有限元模型,探究发育性髋关节发育不良患者和正常人髋关节软骨的生物力学特性。方法:对1名发育性髋关节发育不良患者和1名正常志愿者进行髋关节建模,模型包含左盆骨、左股骨及附着其上的软骨。验证正常髋关节固液双相纤维增强软骨模型有效性后,建立髋关节发育不良患者髋关节有限元模型,对比两者在单腿站立时(2 130 N静态载荷)软骨的接触应力、流体压力、固相等效应力和流体支撑率的差异。结果与结论:(1)与正常髋关节相比,载荷加载完成后1 s(承载初期),发育性髋关节发育不良患者髋臼软骨出现明显的边缘接触,且峰值接触应力(3.86 MPa)和峰值流体压力(3.76 MPa)均大于正常髋关节软骨;(2)1 500 s(承载稳定)后,2个模型软骨峰值接触应力和峰值流体压力均减小,但发育性髋关节发育不良患者软骨接触位置由软骨边缘向中心移动,流体支撑率由97.41%下降到91.08%,正常髋关节软骨流体支撑率下降了0.58%,由95.24%下降到94.66%;(3)提示单腿站立生理载荷下,发育性髋关节发育不良患者软骨出现明显的边缘载荷,其峰值接触应力、流体压力和流体支撑率的下降幅度均大于正常软骨,考虑软骨的固液双相纤维增强特性对于评估髋关节发育不良患者髋关节软骨的生物力学性能、理解髋关节发育不良病理生理机制和制定术前计划具有重要的临床意义。

基于SolidWorks的圆锥破碎机三维建模设计及有限元分析

介绍了PY G B-1821型液压圆锥破碎机的工作原理、结构特点。并运用Solid W orks软件对PY G B-1821型破碎机各零件进行三维建模设计、虚拟装配和有限元分析,既改善了二维设计不直观的状况,又便于参数化修改和调整设计模型,大大提高了设计水平和设计效率,为圆锥破碎机的优化设计提供了有效参考。

SolidWords中有限元分析在瓦楞包装机械设计中的应用

对瓦楞纸箱后道加工机械发展现状及课题研究背景作了阐述,简介了三维建模软件SolidWorks及其实用插件COSMOSWorks的功能特性,应用SolidWorks建立了关键受力件的有限元分析模型,应用COSMOSWorks对模型划分了网格并进行了有限元分析。