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Dynamics of Advantageous Mutant Spread in Spatial Death-Birth and Birth-Death Moran Models
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作者 Jasmine Foo Einar Bjarki Gunnarsson +1 位作者 Kevin Leder David Sivakoff 《Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation》 EI 2024年第1期576-604,共29页
The spread of an advantageous mutation through a population is of fundamental interest in population genetics. While the classical Moran model is formulated for a well-mixed population, it has long been recognized tha... The spread of an advantageous mutation through a population is of fundamental interest in population genetics. While the classical Moran model is formulated for a well-mixed population, it has long been recognized that in real-world applications, the population usually has an explicit spatial structure which can significantly influence the dynamics. In the context of cancer initiation in epithelial tissue, several recent works have analyzed the dynamics of advantageous mutant spread on integer lattices, using the biased voter model from particle systems theory. In this spatial version of the Moran model, individuals first reproduce according to their fitness and then replace a neighboring individual. From a biological standpoint, the opposite dynamics, where individuals first die and are then replaced by a neighboring individual according to its fitness, are equally relevant. Here, we investigate this death-birth analogue of the biased voter model. We construct the process mathematically, derive the associated dual process, establish bounds on the survival probability of a single mutant, and prove that the process has an asymptotic shape. We also briefly discuss alternative birth-death and death-birth dynamics, depending on how the mutant fitness advantage affects the dynamics. We show that birth-death and death-birth formulations of the biased voter model are equivalent when fitness affects the former event of each update of the model, whereas the birth-death model is fundamentally different from the death-birth model when fitness affects the latter event. 展开更多
关键词 spatial death-birth models spatial birth-death models spatial evolutionary models spatial cancer models Evolutionary graph theory Stochastic processes Biased voter model Dual process Fixation probability Shape theorem
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Spatial Morphology Evolution Characteristics Analysis of the Resident Population Distribution in Henan, China
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作者 Kaiguang Zhang Hongling Meng +1 位作者 Mingting Ba Danhuan Wen 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2024年第3期163-180,共18页
The population spatial distribution pattern and its evolving pattern play an important role in regional allocation of social resources and production factors, formulation of regional development plans, construction of... The population spatial distribution pattern and its evolving pattern play an important role in regional allocation of social resources and production factors, formulation of regional development plans, construction of a better life society, and promotion of regional economic development. Based on the resident population statistics data of Henan province from 2006 to 2021, with county as the basic study unit, the paper studies the spatial morphology characteristics and its evolution patterns of resident population distribution, by using spatial analysis methods such as population distribution center, standard deviation ellipse, and spatial auto correlation analysis. The results show that: the resident population spatial distribution shows unbalanced state, the population agglomeration areas mainly distribute in the northeast part and north part, where the resident population growth rate is significantly higher than other regions, over time, this trend is gradually becoming significant. The resident population distribution has a trend of centripetal concentration, with the degree and trend of centripetal gradually strengthening. The resident population distribution has obvious directional characteristics, but the significance is not high, the weighted resident population average center is approximately located at (4.13740˚N, 113.8935˚E), and the azimuth of the distribution axis is approximately 11.19˚. The population distribution has obvious agglomeration characteristics, with the built-up areas of Zhengzhou and Luoyang as their centers, where have a significant siphon effect on the surrounding population. The southern and southwestern regions in the province form a relatively stable belt area of Low-Low agglomeration areas. 展开更多
关键词 Resident Population spatial Distribution spatial Morphology Temporal and spatial Evolution Center Migration Standard Deviation Ellipse spatial Autocorrelation
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Spatial evolution and spatial production of traditional villages from "backward poverty villages" to "ecologically well-off villages": Experiences from the hinterland of national nature reserves in China
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作者 Zhang Yiyi LI Yangbing 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第4期1100-1118,共19页
With the rapid urbanization process,the space of traditional villages in China is undergoing significant changes.Studying the spatial evolution of traditional villages is significant in promoting rural spatial transfo... With the rapid urbanization process,the space of traditional villages in China is undergoing significant changes.Studying the spatial evolution of traditional villages is significant in promoting rural spatial transformation and realizing rural revitalization and sustainable rural development.Based on the traceability analysis of spatial production theory,this paper constructed an analytical framework for the spatial production evolution of traditional villages,analyzed the spatial evolution process and characteristics of traditional villages by using buffer analysis,spatial syntax,and other research methods,and revealed the characteristics of the spatial production evolution of traditional villages and the driving mechanism.The results show that:(1)The village spatial formation and development follow the village life cycle theory and usually develop from embryonic villages to diversified and integrated villages;(2)The evolution of village spatial production is characterized by the diversity of material space,the sublimation of daily life space,and the integration of social system space and generalization of emotional space;(3)The evolution of village spatial production from backward and poor village to ecologically well-off village is influenced by a combination of factors;(4)The village has formed a spatial structure of"people-land-scape-culture-industry",realized comprehensive reconstruction and spatial reproduction.The study results reflect the spatial evolution characteristics of traditional villages in mountainous areas in a more comprehensive way,which helps to promote the protection and development of traditional villages in mountainous areas and,to a certain extent,provides a reference for the development of rural revitalization. 展开更多
关键词 Traditional villages spatial production spatial evolution spatial reconstruction
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Evaluation of COVID-19 Cases and Vaccinations in the State of Georgia, United States: A Spatial Perspective
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作者 Oluwaseun Ibukun Olawale Oluwafemi +3 位作者 Oluwaseun Babatunde Fahmina Binte Ibrahim Yahaya Danjuma Samson Lamela Mela 《Journal of Geographic Information System》 2024年第3期167-182,共16页
This study evaluates the distribution of COVID-19 cases and mass vaccination campaigns from January 2020 to April 2023. There are over 235,000 COVID-19 cases and over 733,000 vaccinations across the 159 counties in th... This study evaluates the distribution of COVID-19 cases and mass vaccination campaigns from January 2020 to April 2023. There are over 235,000 COVID-19 cases and over 733,000 vaccinations across the 159 counties in the state of Georgia. Data on COVID-19 was acquired from usafact.org while the vaccination records were obtained from COVID-19 vaccination tracker. The spatial patterns across the counties were analyzed using spatial statistical techniques which include both global and local spatial autocorrelation. The study further evaluates the effect of vaccination and selected socio-economic predictors on COVID-19 cases across the study area. The result of hotspot analysis reveals that the epicenters of COVID-19 are distributed across Cobb, Fulton, Gwinnett, and DeKalb counties. It was also affirmed that the vaccination records followed the same pattern as COVID-19 cases’ epicenters. The result of the spatial error model performed well and accounted for a considerable percentage of the regression with an adjusted R squared of 0.68, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) 387.682 and Breusch-Pagan of 9.8091. ESDA was employed to select the main explanatory variables. The selected variables include vaccination, population density, percentage of people that do not have health insurance, black race, Hispanic and these variables accounted for 68% of the number of COVID-19 cases in the state of Georgia during the study period. The study concludes that both COVID-19 cases and vaccinated individuals have spatial peculiarities across counties in Georgia state. Lastly, socio-economic variables and vaccination are very important to reduce the vulnerability of individuals to COVID-19 disease. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 VACCINATION spatial Autocorrelation Georgia spatial Pattern spatial Regression
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Dynamic Uncertainty:Exploring the Spatial Order of Future Digital Architecture
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作者 Yuxin Zhao 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2024年第10期475-484,共10页
The spatial order of architecture has been significantly impacted by digital architectural design and production,creating a dynamic uncertainty.This study aims to explore digital architecture from the perspective of s... The spatial order of architecture has been significantly impacted by digital architectural design and production,creating a dynamic uncertainty.This study aims to explore digital architecture from the perspective of spatial order,discussing the antidote/poison effect caused by digital technologies in architectural practice and the cultural digital changes in digital architectures.The study selected four digital architecture cases,including the(W)rapper at Los Angeles by Eric Owen Moss,Beijing Daxing International Airport by Zaha Hadid,3D Print Niaokan Bridge by Xu Weiguo,and World Internet Conference Center by Yuan Feng.This study is hypothesising that the future special order of digital architectures will be a dynamic and balanced new spatial order.This new order includes the symbiosis of a human-machine and virtual-real hierarchy;the interactive co-existence between nature,humanity and technology;and the creative multi-immersive sharing of parametric information,built-environment resources and cultural artistic information.The evolution of spatial order of future digital architecture will be discussed in connection with the idea of the metaverse.The value of this work is its ability to inspire a broader examination of the new order of digital architectural space. 展开更多
关键词 spatial superimposition digital technology’s antidote&poison effect the spatial order of digital architectures alteration of spatial order
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Spatial transcriptomics:recent developments and insights in respiratory research
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作者 Wen-Jia Wang Liu-Xi Chu +6 位作者 Li-Yong He Ming-Jing Zhang Kai-Tong Dang Chen Gao Qin-Yu Ge Zhou-Guang Wang Xiang-Wei Zhao 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期430-448,共19页
The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field.Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have provided insights into cel... The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field.Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have provided insights into cell types and heterogeneity in the respiratory system,the relevant specific spatial localization and cellular interactions have not been clearly elucidated.Spatial transcriptomics(ST)has filled this gap and has been widely used in respiratory studies.This review focuses on the latest iterative technology of ST in recent years,summarizing how ST can be applied to the physiological and pathological processes of the respiratory system,with emphasis on the lungs.Finally,the current challenges and potential development directions are proposed,including high-throughput full-length transcriptome,integration of multi-omics,temporal and spatial omics,bioinformatics analysis,etc.These viewpoints are expected to advance the study of systematic mechanisms,including respiratory studies. 展开更多
关键词 spatial transcriptomics LUNG Tumor spatial multi-omics
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Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models
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作者 SHAO Dandan ZOH Kyungjin 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第8期2770-2789,共20页
This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial heterogeneity.EMV are a special type of settlement sp... This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial heterogeneity.EMV are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient China.They are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization strategies.In this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research subjects.The Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority villages.Neural network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in EMV.The results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest influence.As EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent ethnic cultures in the era. 展开更多
关键词 Ethnic-Minority Villages spatial structure Settlement geography Neural network model spatial econometric model GeoDetector
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Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors
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作者 ZHANG Shengrui ZHANG Tongyan +1 位作者 JU Hongrun WANG Yingjie 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期973-986,共14页
Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensi... Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data sources.Utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing factors.Our findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant type.Among provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the lowest.Southern China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water landscapes.Western China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism resources.Crucially,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management approaches.In response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR database.Our research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management. 展开更多
关键词 Transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR) spatial difference spatial autocorrelation Governance optimization China
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Single-cell spatial transcriptomics in cardiovascular development,disease,and medicine
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作者 Songjie Han Qianqian Xu +6 位作者 Yawen Du Chuwei Tang Herong Cui Xiaofeng Xia Rui Zheng Yang Sun Hongcai Shang 《Genes & Diseases》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第6期192-204,共13页
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)impose a significant burden worldwide.Despite the elucidation of the etiology and underlying molecular mechanisms of cvDs by numerous studies and recent discovery of effective drugs,their ... Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)impose a significant burden worldwide.Despite the elucidation of the etiology and underlying molecular mechanisms of cvDs by numerous studies and recent discovery of effective drugs,their morbidity,disability,and mortality are still high.Therefore,precise risk stratification and effective targeted therapies for CvDs are warranted.Recent improvements in single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics have improved our understanding of the mechanisms and cells involved in cardiovascular phylogeny and CvDs.Single-cell RNA sequencing can facilitate the study of the human heart at remarkably high res-olution and cellular and molecular heterogeneity.However,this technique does not provide spatial information,which is essential for understanding homeostasis and disease.Spatial tran-scriptomics can elucidate intracellular interactions,transcription factor distribution,cell spatial localization,and molecular profiles of mRNA and identify cell populations causing the disease and their underlying mechanisms,including cell crosstalk.Herein,we introduce the main methods of RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics analysis and highlight the latest ad-vances in cardiovascular research.We conclude that single-cell RNA sequencing interprets dis-ease progression in multiple dimensions,levels,perspectives,and dynamics by combining spatial and temporal characterization of the clinical phenome with multidisciplinary tech-niques such as spatial transcriptomics.This aligns with the dynamic evolution of CVDs(e.g.,"angina-myocardial infarction-heart failure"in coronary artery disease).The study of pathways for disease onset and mechanisms(e.g.,age,sex,comorbidities)in different patient subgroups should improve disease diagnosis and risk stratification.This can facilitate precise individualized treatment of CVDs. 展开更多
关键词 Cardiovascular disease Precision medicine Single-cellspatial transcriptomics Single-cell transcriptome spatial transcriptome TRANSCRIPTOMICS
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Assessing the Spatial Equality of COVID Testing Sites Maintaining Zero COVID Policy
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作者 Muhammad Sajid Mehmood Gang Li +3 位作者 Shiyan Zhai Yaochen Qin Annan Jin Lan Li 《Journal of Geographic Information System》 2024年第3期183-200,共18页
Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the sp... Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the spatial equality of COVID-19 testing sites that maintain a zero COVID policy in Guangzhou City. The study has identified the spatial disparities of COVID testing sites, characteristics of testing locations, and accessibility. The study has obtained information on COVID testing sites in Guangzhou City and population data. Point pattern analyses, Euclidian distance and allocation, and network analyses are the main methods used to achieve the research objectives, and 1183 total COVID testing sites can be recognized in Guangzhou City. Results revealed that spatial disparities could be noticed over the study area. Testing locations of Guangzhou City are highly clustered. The most significant testing sites are located in Haizhu District, which has the third largest population. The highest population density can be identified in Yuexiu District. However, only 94 testing sites are located there. According to all the results, higher disparities can be identified, and a lack of testing sites is located in the north part of the study area. Some people in the northern part have to travel more than 10 km to reach a testing site. Finally, this paper suggests increasing the number of testing sites in the north and south parts of the study area and keeping the same distribution, considering the area, total population, and population density. This kind of research will be helpful to decision-makers in making proper decisions to maintain a zero COVID policy. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 Testing Sites spatial Disparities spatial Equality Guangzhou City ACCESSIBILITY
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Spatial Analysis of the Aging Population and Socio-economic Factors of China:Global and Local Perspectives
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作者 LU Binbin DONG Zheyi +1 位作者 YUE Peng QIN Kun 《Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science》 CSCD 2024年第2期37-51,共15页
Population aging has become an inevitable trend and exerted profound influences on socio-economic development in China.In this study,we utilized data from national population census and statistical yearbooks in 2010 a... Population aging has become an inevitable trend and exerted profound influences on socio-economic development in China.In this study,we utilized data from national population census and statistical yearbooks in 2010 and 2020 to explore spatio-temporal patterns of aging population and its coupling correlations with socio-economic factors from both global and local perspectives.The results from Local Indicators of Spatial Association(LISA)uncover notable spatial disparities in aging population rates,with higher rates concentrated in the eastern regions and lower rates in the western areas of the Chinese mainland.The results from the global correlation analysis with the changes in aging population rates show significant positive correlations with government interventions and industrial structures,but negatively correlated with economic development,social consumption,and medical facilities.From a local perspective,a Geographically Weighted(GW)correlation analysis is employed to uncover local correlations between aging trends and socio-economic factors.The insights gained from this technique not only underscore the complexity and diversity of economic implications stemming from population aging,but also provide invaluable guidance for crafting region-specific economic policies tailored to various stages of population aging. 展开更多
关键词 spatial heterogeneity local technique GWmodelS GW correlation analysis spatial autocorrelation
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Global and International Security Under Spatial Grasp Paradigm
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作者 Peter Simon Sapaty 《International Relations and Diplomacy》 2024年第2期72-85,共14页
Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrat... Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrated with bodies of real systems wherever in physical,virtual,or combined spaces they may exist.So global security capabilities should not only be distributed,but rather be really spatial,self-organized,and dynamic,also exhibiting overall integrity,awareness,and consciousness features.The paper describes applicability of the patented and revealed in 10 books Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)which conceptually and functionally match security problems of large distributed and heterogeneous systems.It investigates very practical security solutions for finding and tracing distribution of forbidden items,world roaming criminals,recovery from natural and human-made disasters,tracing and elimination of moving dangerous objects in terrestrial and celestial spaces,as well as analysis and restoration of damaged transport networks.It advises how different security infrastructures can be organized and managed,and how to cooperate and integrate within global security systems with higher awareness and consciousness levels over them.The provided security-oriented version of SGL can be quickly implemented and integrated with existing distributed management and security systems. 展开更多
关键词 global security international security critical infrastructures spatial Grasp Technology spatial Grasp Language distributed language interpretation self-recovering security scenarios global security awareness and consciousness
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Spatial Heterogeneity Modeling Using Machine Learning Based on a Hybrid of Random Forest and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
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作者 Amadou Kindy Barry Anthony Waititu Gichuhi Lawrence Nderu 《Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing》 2024年第3期319-347,共29页
Spatial heterogeneity refers to the variation or differences in characteristics or features across different locations or areas in space. Spatial data refers to information that explicitly or indirectly belongs to a p... Spatial heterogeneity refers to the variation or differences in characteristics or features across different locations or areas in space. Spatial data refers to information that explicitly or indirectly belongs to a particular geographic region or location, also known as geo-spatial data or geographic information. Focusing on spatial heterogeneity, we present a hybrid machine learning model combining two competitive algorithms: the Random Forest Regressor and CNN. The model is fine-tuned using cross validation for hyper-parameter adjustment and performance evaluation, ensuring robustness and generalization. Our approach integrates Global Moran’s I for examining global autocorrelation, and local Moran’s I for assessing local spatial autocorrelation in the residuals. To validate our approach, we implemented the hybrid model on a real-world dataset and compared its performance with that of the traditional machine learning models. Results indicate superior performance with an R-squared of 0.90, outperforming RF 0.84 and CNN 0.74. This study contributed to a detailed understanding of spatial variations in data considering the geographical information (Longitude & Latitude) present in the dataset. Our results, also assessed using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), indicated that the hybrid yielded lower errors, showing a deviation of 53.65% from the RF model and 63.24% from the CNN model. Additionally, the global Moran’s I index was observed to be 0.10. This study underscores that the hybrid was able to predict correctly the house prices both in clusters and in dispersed areas. 展开更多
关键词 spatial Heterogeneity spatial Data Feature Selection STANDARDIZATION Machine Learning Models Hybrid Models
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The Study on the Evolution of Urban Spatial Structure in Zhuhai City Based on Spatial Syntax
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作者 Weiqiang Zhou Fangting Liang 《Journal of Architectural Research and Development》 2024年第4期40-44,共5页
With the deepening of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area strategy and the accelerated integration and development of the east and west sides of the Pearl River Estuary,Zhuhai’s hub position is becoming mo... With the deepening of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area strategy and the accelerated integration and development of the east and west sides of the Pearl River Estuary,Zhuhai’s hub position is becoming more and more prominent.The city of Zhuhai has a dense water network and is divided into two urban areas,the east and the west,under the influence of the Mordor Gate waterway.Based on the theory of spatial syntax,this paper carries out an analytical study on the urban spatial structure of Zhuhai,identifies the distribution characteristics of urban POIs,and provides theoretical support for the urban development of Zhuhai. 展开更多
关键词 spatial syntax POI data Transport network Urban spatial structure
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Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications 被引量:1
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作者 Xiwei Fan Antonia Rujia Sun +5 位作者 Reuben S.E.Young Isaac O.Afara Brett R.Hamilton Louis Jun Ye Ong Ross Crawford Indira Prasadam 《Bone Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期1-19,共19页
Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose tissues.OA presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,... Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose tissues.OA presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,including inflammatory,metabolic,mechanical,genetic,and synovial variants.Consequently,innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic approaches.Traditional analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints,causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint tissues.This issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical trials.Gaining insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues,encompassing DNA,RNA,metabolites,and proteins,as well as their chemical properties,elemental composition,and mechanical attributes,can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease subtypes.Spatially resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment,providing a more holistic view of cellular function.Recent advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various-omics lenses,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,with spatial data.This fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial coordinates.Furthermore,advanced imaging techniques,including high-resolution microscopy,hyperspectral imaging,and mass spectrometry imaging,enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules,cells,and tissues.Linking these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes.This review summarizes the recent advancements in the molecular imaging modalities and methodologies for in-depth spatial analysis.It explores their applications,challenges,and potential opportunities in the field of OA.Additionally,this review provides a perspective on the potential research directions for these contemporary approaches that can meet the requirements of clinical diagnoses and the establishment of therapeutic targets for OA. 展开更多
关键词 INSIGHT spatial enable
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FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT 被引量:1
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作者 Wei Jiang Ping Cao +5 位作者 Yi-Ming Wu Xian-Ke Liu Zhu-Jun Fang Zhi-Yong Zhang Bin Shi Jun Chen 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期96-108,共13页
A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long process... A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber principle.This method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined RAM.The performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data transmission.The experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 mm.The beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction method.The online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT. 展开更多
关键词 Position reconstruction FPGA Readout electronics Neutron flux spatial distribution
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Estimation-free spatial-domain image reconstruction of structured illumination microscopy 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaoyan Li Shijie Tu +4 位作者 Yile Sun Yubing Han Xiang Hao Cuifang kuang Xu Liu 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第2期45-58,共14页
Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)achieves super-resolution(SR)by modulating the high-frequency information of the sample into the passband of the optical system and subsequent image reconstruction.The traditiona... Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)achieves super-resolution(SR)by modulating the high-frequency information of the sample into the passband of the optical system and subsequent image reconstruction.The traditional Wiener-filtering-based reconstruction algorithm operates in the Fourier domain,it requires prior knowledge of the sinusoidal illumination patterns which makes the time-consuming procedure of parameter estimation to raw datasets necessary,besides,the parameter estimation is sensitive to noise or aberration-induced pattern distortion which leads to reconstruction artifacts.Here,we propose a spatial-domain image reconstruction method that does not require parameter estimation but calculates patterns from raw datasets,and a reconstructed image can be obtained just by calculating the spatial covariance of differential calculated patterns and differential filtered datasets(the notch filtering operation is performed to the raw datasets for attenuating and compensating the optical transfer function(OTF)).Experiments on reconstructing raw datasets including nonbiological,biological,and simulated samples demonstrate that our method has SR capability,high reconstruction speed,and high robustness to aberration and noise. 展开更多
关键词 Structured illumination microscopy image reconstruction spatial domain digital micromirror device(DMD)
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Design of Protograph LDPC-Coded MIMO-VLC Systems with Generalized Spatial Modulation 被引量:1
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作者 Dai Lin Fang Yi +1 位作者 Guan Yongliang Mohsen Guizani 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期118-136,共19页
This paper investigates the bit-interleaved coded generalized spatial modulation(BICGSM) with iterative decoding(BICGSM-ID) for multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) visible light communications(VLC). In the BICGSM-ID ... This paper investigates the bit-interleaved coded generalized spatial modulation(BICGSM) with iterative decoding(BICGSM-ID) for multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) visible light communications(VLC). In the BICGSM-ID scheme, the information bits conveyed by the signal-domain(SiD) symbols and the spatial-domain(SpD) light emitting diode(LED)-index patterns are coded by a protograph low-density parity-check(P-LDPC) code. Specifically, we propose a signal-domain symbol expanding and re-allocating(SSER) method for constructing a type of novel generalized spatial modulation(GSM) constellations, referred to as SSERGSM constellations, so as to boost the performance of the BICGSM-ID MIMO-VLC systems.Moreover, by applying a modified PEXIT(MPEXIT) algorithm, we further design a family of rate-compatible P-LDPC codes, referred to as enhanced accumulate-repeat-accumulate(EARA) codes,which possess both excellent decoding thresholds and linear-minimum-distance-growth property. Both analysis and simulation results illustrate that the proposed SSERGSM constellations and P-LDPC codes can remarkably improve the convergence and decoding performance of MIMO-VLC systems. Therefore, the proposed P-LDPC-coded SSERGSM-mapped BICGSMID configuration is envisioned as a promising transmission solution to satisfy the high-throughput requirement of MIMO-VLC applications. 展开更多
关键词 bit-interleaved coded modulation generalized spatial modulation multiple-input multipleoutput protograph LDPC codes visible light communication
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Ultrafast dynamics of femtosecond laser-induced high spatial frequency periodic structures on silicon surfaces 被引量:1
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作者 Ruozhong Han Yuchan Zhang +6 位作者 Qilin Jiang Long Chen Kaiqiang Cao Shian Zhang Donghai Feng Zhenrong Sun Tianqing Jia 《Opto-Electronic Science》 2024年第3期33-46,共14页
Femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)have been extensively studied over the past few decades.In particular,the period and groove width of high-spatial-frequency LIPSS(HSFL)is much smaller than t... Femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)have been extensively studied over the past few decades.In particular,the period and groove width of high-spatial-frequency LIPSS(HSFL)is much smaller than the diffraction limit,making it a useful method for efficient nanomanufacturing.However,compared with the low-spatial-frequency LIPSS(LSFL),the structure size of the HSFL is smaller,and it is more easily submerged.Therefore,the formation mechanism of HSFL is complex and has always been a research hotspot in this field.In this study,regular LSFL with a period of 760 nm was fabricated in advance on a silicon surface with two-beam interference using an 800 nm,50 fs femtosecond laser.The ultrafast dynamics of HSFL formation on the silicon surface of prefabricated LSFL under single femtosecond laser pulse irradiation were observed and analyzed for the first time using collinear pump-probe imaging method.In general,the evolution of the surface structure undergoes five sequential stages:the LSFL begins to split,becomes uniform HSFL,degenerates into an irregular LSFL,undergoes secondary splitting into a weakly uniform HSFL,and evolves into an irregular LSFL or is submerged.The results indicate that the local enhancement of the submerged nanocavity,or the nanoplasma,in the prefabricated LSFL ridge led to the splitting of the LSFL,and the thermodynamic effect drove the homogenization of the splitting LSFL,which evolved into HSFL. 展开更多
关键词 laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS) local field enhancement collinear pump-probe imaging silicon high spatial frequency periodic structures
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Gene interactions analysis of brain spatial transcriptome for Alzheimer's disease
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作者 Shengran Wang Jonathan Greenbaum +6 位作者 Chuan Qiu Russell HSwerdlow Mohammad Haeri Yun Gong Hui Shen Hongmei Xiao Hongwen Deng 《Genes & Diseases》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第6期525-540,共16页
Recent studies have explored the spatial transcriptomics patterns of Alzheimer's disease(AD)brain by spatial sequencing in mouse models,enabling the identification of unique genome-wide transcriptomic features ass... Recent studies have explored the spatial transcriptomics patterns of Alzheimer's disease(AD)brain by spatial sequencing in mouse models,enabling the identification of unique genome-wide transcriptomic features associated with different spatial regions and pathological status.However,the dynamics of gene interactions that occur during amyloid-βaccumulation remain largely unknown.In this study,we performed analyses on ligand-receptor communication,transcription factor regulatory network,and spot-specific network to reveal the dependence and the dynamics of gene associations/interactions on spatial regions and pathological status with mouse and human brains.We first used a spatial transcriptomics dataset of the AppNL-G-F knock-in AD and wild-type mouse model.We revealed 17 ligand-receptor pairs with opposite tendencies throughout the amyloid-βaccumulation process and showed the specific ligand-receptor interactions across the hippocampus layers at different extents of pathological changes.We then identified nerve function related transcription factors in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex,as well as genes with different transcriptomic association degrees in AD versus wild-type mice.Finally,another independent spatial transcriptomics dataset from different AD mouse models and human single-nuclei RNA-seq data/AlzData database were used for validation.This is the first study to identify various gene associations throughout amyloid-βaccumulation based on spatial transcriptomics,establishing the foundations to reveal advanced and in-depth AD etiology from a novel perspective based on the comprehensive analyses of gene interactions that are spatio-temporal dependent. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer's disease Amyloid-β Ligand-receptor spatial transcriptomics Transcription factor
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