双极板是氢燃料电池的重要部件之一,钛作为金属双极板基材有诸多优势,但钛的成形性能差、回弹较为严重,本文以0.1 mm TA2纯钛薄板微流道液压成形为研究对象,通过试验和有限元模拟相结合的方法研究纯钛微结构变形行为,分析工艺参数对微...双极板是氢燃料电池的重要部件之一,钛作为金属双极板基材有诸多优势,但钛的成形性能差、回弹较为严重,本文以0.1 mm TA2纯钛薄板微流道液压成形为研究对象,通过试验和有限元模拟相结合的方法研究纯钛微结构变形行为,分析工艺参数对微流道成形质量的影响规律,为液压成形钛双极板提供参考。建立了TA2纯钛薄板微流道液压成形的有限元模型,通过与试验件的轮廓及厚度分布验证有限元模型的准确性;研究了液体压力、加载速率和脉动加载对微流道成形的影响。结果表明,微流道液压成形过程中材料应变路径为平面应变,且上圆角位置最容易破裂;加载速率对微流道成形影响不大,随着加载速率的提高,成形深度略有下降,但是变化不大,仅有3%;脉动加载路径能够提高材料的流动变形能力,在均为临界破裂情况下,相比较线性加载路径成形深度有较高的提高,可达232.2μm,提高幅度为23%。展开更多
A regulated gene expression system would offer the unique opportunity to study the gene physiological functions at different developmental stages. For realizing gene special expression in plant anther at given time, w...A regulated gene expression system would offer the unique opportunity to study the gene physiological functions at different developmental stages. For realizing gene special expression in plant anther at given time, we constructed a new system that combined tetracycline- inducible elements with TA29 promoter, a tapetum-specific promoter of tobacco. The system was tested in transient GUS assay system by electroporation (gene gun) transformation of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Winsconsin 38) anther. In the absence of tetracycline as the inducer, no GUS activity was detected. However, strong GUS expression was observed in tapetum. tissue upon tetracycline induction, and little GUS activity was found outside the tapetum. Our results suggested that gene expression can be restricted to a specific tissue at the given time under the control of this new system, and this system would be a very useful tool for both basic plant biology research and biotechnological applications.展开更多
The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants remo...The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants removal under anaerobic conditions to a limited extent. This mutual inhibition could happen and cause a low removal efficiency of both TA and COD E, when the effluent from TA workshops containing TA and easily biodegradable pollutants are treated by a single anaerobic reactor system. Based upon the treatment kinetics analysis of both TA degradation and COD E removal, a two stage up flow anaerobic sludge blanket and up flow fixed film reactor(UASB UAFF) system for dealing with this kind of wastewater was developed and run successfully at laboratory scale. An UASB reactor with the methanogenic consortium as the first stage removes the easily biodegradable pollutants(COD E). An UAFF reactor as the second stage is mainly in charge of TA degradation. At a COD E loading of 15.3 g/(L\5d) and a TA loading of 1.4 g/(L\5d), HRT 18.5h, the COD E and TA removal rate of the system reached 89.2% and 71.6%, respectively.展开更多
The dissolution behaviors of Ta2O5,Nb2O5 and their mixture in KOH and H2O system were investigated.A L9(34) orthogonal design was used to study the effects of reaction temperature,mass ratio of KOH to Ta2O5,and reacti...The dissolution behaviors of Ta2O5,Nb2O5 and their mixture in KOH and H2O system were investigated.A L9(34) orthogonal design was used to study the effects of reaction temperature,mass ratio of KOH to Ta2O5,and reaction time on the dissolution rate of tantalum.It was found that the effect of reaction temperature on the dissolution rate of tantalum was much greater than that of the other factors.The results of factorial experiments showed that Ta2O5 was mainly transformed into insoluble potassium tantalate at low temperature(350 ℃) and transformed into soluble potassium tantalate at high temperature(450 ℃).The insoluble potassium tantalate was analyzed by XRD,which was proved to be KTaO3.Differently,almost all Nb2O5 was transformed into soluble potassium niobate at 350-450℃.As for the mixture of Ta2O5 and Nb2O5,the dissolution rate of tantalum increased and the dissolution rate of niobium decreased as an interaction existed between niobium and tantalum.And increasing the mole ratio of Nb2O5 to Ta2O5 in the mixture was beneficial to the dissolution of both Ta2O5 and Nb2O5.In addition,the mechanism of the interaction between niobium and tantalum was also investigated through phase and chemical analysis.展开更多
文摘双极板是氢燃料电池的重要部件之一,钛作为金属双极板基材有诸多优势,但钛的成形性能差、回弹较为严重,本文以0.1 mm TA2纯钛薄板微流道液压成形为研究对象,通过试验和有限元模拟相结合的方法研究纯钛微结构变形行为,分析工艺参数对微流道成形质量的影响规律,为液压成形钛双极板提供参考。建立了TA2纯钛薄板微流道液压成形的有限元模型,通过与试验件的轮廓及厚度分布验证有限元模型的准确性;研究了液体压力、加载速率和脉动加载对微流道成形的影响。结果表明,微流道液压成形过程中材料应变路径为平面应变,且上圆角位置最容易破裂;加载速率对微流道成形影响不大,随着加载速率的提高,成形深度略有下降,但是变化不大,仅有3%;脉动加载路径能够提高材料的流动变形能力,在均为临界破裂情况下,相比较线性加载路径成形深度有较高的提高,可达232.2μm,提高幅度为23%。
文摘A regulated gene expression system would offer the unique opportunity to study the gene physiological functions at different developmental stages. For realizing gene special expression in plant anther at given time, we constructed a new system that combined tetracycline- inducible elements with TA29 promoter, a tapetum-specific promoter of tobacco. The system was tested in transient GUS assay system by electroporation (gene gun) transformation of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Winsconsin 38) anther. In the absence of tetracycline as the inducer, no GUS activity was detected. However, strong GUS expression was observed in tapetum. tissue upon tetracycline induction, and little GUS activity was found outside the tapetum. Our results suggested that gene expression can be restricted to a specific tissue at the given time under the control of this new system, and this system would be a very useful tool for both basic plant biology research and biotechnological applications.
文摘The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants removal under anaerobic conditions to a limited extent. This mutual inhibition could happen and cause a low removal efficiency of both TA and COD E, when the effluent from TA workshops containing TA and easily biodegradable pollutants are treated by a single anaerobic reactor system. Based upon the treatment kinetics analysis of both TA degradation and COD E removal, a two stage up flow anaerobic sludge blanket and up flow fixed film reactor(UASB UAFF) system for dealing with this kind of wastewater was developed and run successfully at laboratory scale. An UASB reactor with the methanogenic consortium as the first stage removes the easily biodegradable pollutants(COD E). An UAFF reactor as the second stage is mainly in charge of TA degradation. At a COD E loading of 15.3 g/(L\5d) and a TA loading of 1.4 g/(L\5d), HRT 18.5h, the COD E and TA removal rate of the system reached 89.2% and 71.6%, respectively.
基金Project(2009AA06Z103) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(51004094) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2007CB613501) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The dissolution behaviors of Ta2O5,Nb2O5 and their mixture in KOH and H2O system were investigated.A L9(34) orthogonal design was used to study the effects of reaction temperature,mass ratio of KOH to Ta2O5,and reaction time on the dissolution rate of tantalum.It was found that the effect of reaction temperature on the dissolution rate of tantalum was much greater than that of the other factors.The results of factorial experiments showed that Ta2O5 was mainly transformed into insoluble potassium tantalate at low temperature(350 ℃) and transformed into soluble potassium tantalate at high temperature(450 ℃).The insoluble potassium tantalate was analyzed by XRD,which was proved to be KTaO3.Differently,almost all Nb2O5 was transformed into soluble potassium niobate at 350-450℃.As for the mixture of Ta2O5 and Nb2O5,the dissolution rate of tantalum increased and the dissolution rate of niobium decreased as an interaction existed between niobium and tantalum.And increasing the mole ratio of Nb2O5 to Ta2O5 in the mixture was beneficial to the dissolution of both Ta2O5 and Nb2O5.In addition,the mechanism of the interaction between niobium and tantalum was also investigated through phase and chemical analysis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0707300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51901151,51905372,52275362,52171122)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M680918,2021T140503)。
