“U-Taiwan计划”及其出台的原因分析

在"e-Taiwan 计划"、"m-Taiwan 计划"的基础上,台湾地区最近又出台了"u-Taiwan 计划",3年内(从2008年起)将列支160亿新台币。该计划目的是希望将台湾地区在信息通信技术(ICT)领域的优势扩展到社会领域,建设优质的网络社会。本文较为详细地介绍了该计划出台的沿革、计划内容等,并分析计划出台的原因,以期了解台湾地区 ICT 下一步发展的动态。

Dynamic of phytoplankton community during varying intensities of the northeast monsoon in the Taiwan Strait

The characteristics of the terrain of a strait can lead to a“fine tube”effect that enhances a monsoon and thereby affects the physical,chemical,and biological processes of marine ecosystems.This effect is a highly dynamic and complex phenomenon involving interactions among atmospheric,oceanic,and terrestrial systems,as well as biogeochemical cycles and biological responses driven by it.However,current understanding has been focused mainly on the differences between monsoons,and there have been few studies concerned with the weakening or strengthening of monsoons.To explore the biogeochemical and phytoplankton responses during varying intensities of the northeast(NE)monsoon in the Taiwan Strait,high-resolution,across-front observations combined with FerryBox online data and satellite observations were conducted in this study during a strong,moderate,and weak NE monsoon.The spatiotemporal changes of nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton communities were regulated by the dynamics of ocean currents forced by NE winds.The weakening of the NE monsoon caused shrinkage of the coastal currents that led to a reduction of nutrient concentrations and an alteration of the distribution patterns of phytoplankton communities along cross-front sections.Specifically,there was a notable decrease in the proportions of dinoflagellates and cryptophytes in inshore regions and of prasinophytes in offshore areas.This study showed for the first time the dynamics of phytoplankton with changes of ocean currents during varying intensities of the NE monsoon in a strait system.The findings helped to elucidate the general spatial patterns of the phytoplankton community based on satellite-derived surface temperature and wind patterns and further enhanced the understanding of biogeochemical cycles in marine systems.

The response of surface sedimental diatoms to the environment and its potential significance in the Taiwan Strait,western Pacific

As the most important component of marine siliceous organisms,diatoms are vital primary producers of the ocean that are often used as indicators of paleoenvironmental change.To understand the response of sedimental diatoms to regional environmental changes and the factors affecting the distribution of sedimental diatoms in the Taiwan Strait,this study quantified and classified the diatoms found in surface sediments collected during four surveys from 2019 to 2020.Overall,118 diatom taxa and 44 genera were identified with total diatom abundance of 8-27353 valves/g.Four diatom assemblages representing different environments were identified.Among them,assemblageⅠrepresented a coastal environment,assemblageⅡcomprised warm water species of a coastal environment,AssemblageⅢrepresented a coastal environment affected markedly by exorheism,AssemblageⅣrepresented a group with lowest diatom abundance.Seasonal variation in total diatom abundance was controlled by seven environmental factors:depth,sea surface salinity,mean grain size,silicate,nitrite,nitrate,and phosphate.Spatiotemporal variation in each of the diatom assemblages was substantial and strongly affected by various currents,upwelling,and low-salinity water.Specifically,it was found that the succession of diatom assemblages reflects change in the range of influence of local warm currents.

Spatiotemporal variations of phytoplankton in the Taiwan Strait using lipid biomarkers and the potential influencing factors

The biological pump,driven by phytoplankton production and death,plays a crucial role in the ocean’s sequestration of atmospheric CO_(2).In particular,marginal seas with high primary productivity show a significant capacity for carbon fixation.Variations in phytoplankton biomass and community structure are key factors influencing the efficiency of the marine biological pump.The Taiwan Strait(TS)is a unique shallow conduit that connects the East China Sea(ECS)and the South China Sea(SCS),which are subject to seasonal monsoons and episodic events(e.g.,typhoons and floods).Thus,its planktonic ecosystem is significantly influenced by physical processes such as strong ocean currents,coastal upwelling and river discharge,resulting in noticeable seasonal variability.In this study,we examined spatiotemporal patterns of phytoplankton biomass and community structure using phytoplankton-sourced biomarkers from suspended particles in surface waters across all four seasons from 2019 to 2020 in the TS.The findings highlight notable seasonal disparities in phytoplankton biomass,with spring and summer exhibiting significantly higher levels compared to autumn and winter.In order to determine phytoplankton ecosystem responses to various physical and biological processes on a seasonal scale,we used Empirical Orthogonal/Eigen Function(EOF)analysis to investigate the covarying spatiotemporal patterns of:marine-sourced biomarkers and terrestrial-sourced biomarkers in surface suspended particles,a biomass indicator(Chl a),water-mass indicators[sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS),nutrients],and a hydrodynamic indicator[total suspended solids at surface/bottom water,(TSS_S and TSS_B)].The results identified six physical-biological coupling modes that influence seasonal variations in marine phytoplankton ecosystems within the energetic strait system.Additionally,an in-depth understanding of the coupling between physical process and lipid biomarker signals from suspended particles in the contemporary marine environment can offer valuable insights for interpreting ancient sediment records of phytoplankton ecosystem evolution in the TS.

On the Ontology of Taiwan residents Films in the Post Declare Martial Law Ended Period

In addition to describing the social reality of Taiwan’s political and economic chaos, Taiwan’s films after the lifting of martial law also try to explore the ultimate significance of human existence, showing the color of ontology. Under the influence of postmodern culture, Taiwan films adopt non-linear narrative methods such as fragmented, time countercurrent or psychological time, emphasizing people’s instant experience and expressing modern people’s anxiety and social absurdity. In addition, the film highlights the gridding and deformed space, so as to highlight the interpersonal alienation and survival dilemma of modern cities.Taiwan residents films also reflect the impermanence of fate, the nothingness of existence, and the absurdity of society through the death of characters. It is also coupled with the existential view of “living to death” and “others are hell”.

Potential Impact of COP28 Resolution on Taiwan

After two weeks of discussions and consultations at the 28 th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(COP28),states parties finally reached a series of important sustainable development resolutions and voluntary initiatives.In this paper,the possible impact of these resolutions on Taiwan was mainly discussed,and the relevant regulations and policies that the Taiwan authorities may enact were analyzed.

Logistics,Supply Chain Management,and Taiwan residents Immigration Assessed in Light of Globalization

Organizations regardless of size can take advantage of the market dynamics brought about by globalization.Supply chain management is crucial for large organizations,especially with regard to the costs,complexity,and risks of its large,often global,supply chains.From technology to risk management,learning what it takes to navigate transportation and logistics business management in today’s volatile world is critical.Human migration has accelerated in light of globalization and rapid advances in transportation(particularly aviation)technology.This study investigated the connection between logistics and supply chain management in the age of globalization;reviewed the migration,settlement,and naturalization of Taiwan residents immigrants along the West Coast of the United States;and theoretically analyzed the forces that have led to the construction of the Taiwan residents immigrant community.Taiwan residents immigrants and their settlement are affected by global forces,and factors such as their cross-cultural trade,the characteristics of diasporic communities,and their national identity can provide scholarly and pedagogical insights.

Numerical Study on Tides in the Taiwan Strait and its Adjacent Areas

Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model. Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan Strait, the model-produced results agree quite well with those of previous researches using observational data from coastal tidal gauge stations. According to the results, the co-tidal and co-range charts are given. Furthermore, the characteristics of 8 major tidal constituents have been uminated respectively. The result shows that： （1） The tide motion can be attributed to the interaction between the degenerative rotary tidal system in the north and the progressive tidal system in the south. （2） The southward and northward tidal waves of semi-diurnal tide converge in the middle of the Taiwan Strait while the diurnal tidal waves propagate southwestward through the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait. （3） The maximum amplitude of semi-diurnal tides exists at the area between the Meizhou Bay and Xinghua Bay, and that of diurnal tides appears in the region to the east of the Leizhou Peninsula, （4） The patterns of co-tidal and co-range charts of N2, K2 and P1, Q1 tidal constituents are similar to those of M2, S2 and K1 O1 tidat constituents, respectively

A Scheme of Vegetation Classification of Taiwan, China

The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of China or even for the world. The physiognomic-floristic principle was adopted for the vegetation classification of Taiwan. The units of rank from top to bottom are: class of vegetation-type, order of vegetation-type, vegetation-type, alliance group, alliance and association. The high-rank units (class, order and vegetation-type) are classified by ecological physiognomy, while the median and lower units by the species composition of community. At the same time the role of dominant species and character species will also be considered. The dominant species are the major factor concerned with the median ranks (alliance group, and alliance) because they are the chief components of community, additionally their remarkable appearance is easy to identify; the character species (or diagnostic species) are for relatively low ranks (association) because they will clearly show the interspecies relation-ship and the characteristics of community. According to this principle, vegetation of Taiwan is classi-fied into five classes of vegetation-types (forests, thickets, herbaceous vegetation, rock fields vegetation, swamps and aquatic vegetation), 29 orders of vegetation-types (cold-temperate needle-leaved forests, cool-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm needle-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen mossy forests, evergreen sclerophyllous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, tropical rain forests, tropical monsoon forests, coastal forests, warm bamboo forests, evergreen needle-leaved thickets, sclerophyllous thickets, deciduous broad-leaved thickets, evergreen broad-leaved thickets, xerothermic thorn-succulent thickets, bamboo thickets, meadows, sparse shrub grasslands, savannahic grasslands, sparse scree communities, chasmophytic vegetation, woody swamps, herbaceous swamps, moss bogs, fresh water aquatic vegetation, salt water aquatic vegetation) and 53 vegetation-types. The main alliances of each vegetation-type are described.

Seasonal variation of the Taiwan Warm Current Water and its underlying mechanism

Based on the historical observed data and the modeling results,this paper investigated the seasonal variations in the Taiwan Warm Current Water(TWCW)using a cluster analysis method and examined the contributions of the Kuroshio onshore intrusion and the Taiwan Strait Warm Current(TSWC)to the TWCW on seasonal time scales.The TWCW has obviously seasonal variation in its horizontal distribution,T-S characteristics and volume.The volume of TWCW is maximum(13746 km^3)in winter and minimum(11397 km^3)in autumn.As to the contributions to the TWCW,the TSWC is greatest in summer and smallest in winter,while the Kuroshio onshore intrusion northeast of Taiwan Island is strongest in winter and weakest in summer.By comparison,the Kuroshio onshore intrusion make greater contributions to the Taiwan Warm Current Surface Water(TWCSW)than the TSWC for most of the year,except for in the summertime(from June to August),while the Kuroshio Subsurface Water(KSSW)dominate the Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water(TWCDW).The analysis results demonstrate that the local monsoon winds is the dominant factor controlling the seasonal variation in the TWCW volume via Ekman dynamics,while the surface heat fl ux can play a secondary role via the joint ef fect of baroclinicity and relief.

FinTech in Taiwan:a case study of a Bank’s strategic planning for an investment in a FinTech company

Introduction:Since 2015 is the year of FinTech in Taiwan,it is worth investigating the challenges that emerged when banks were encouraged to invest in FinTech companies for collaboration.This study aims to identify the strategic considerations in the process of searching for FinTech investment targets.Case description:This study used a case study investigation of a top-5 bank in Taiwan.The major data sources include the meeting notes of the FinTech investment task force and interviews with the team members.Co-opetition theory was adopted as the theoretical framework and interview questions were derived from the PARTS strategies in co-petition theory.The results relate to:(1)the strategic goals of FinTech investment,(2)the added value from FinTech companies,(3)criteria in selecting candidates in the same FinTech area,(4)choosing to work as either a cooperator or a competitor,and(5)barriers from policies and regulations.Discussion and evaluation:This study has several findings:(1)regulations and policies shape FinTech’s development;(2)banks,technology companies,and customers are not“FinTech ready;”(3)Compare top-down with bottom up strategies;(4)banks and FinTech companies have complex relationships;(5)it is unlikely that Taiwan will produce FinTech disruptors in the near future.Conclusion:The findings and discussion can benefit researchers and administrators in finance-related industries.More studies are desired to observe long-term development in terms of how companies collaborate or compete in specific FinTech areas.

Study on the Meso-scale process of the Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan

By using the reanalysis data, the impact of oceanic eddies and frontal wave on Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW） is studied. The result indicates that cold eddies （warm eddies） corresponding to the first baroclinic mode of Rossby wave can weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width of this front. A frontal wave of the KFETW during January to February in 1991 is detected from the reanalysis data. And the trough （crest） of the frontal wave may weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width and thickness of this front. It is found through the diagnostic analysis of the energy source of the frontal wave that the contribution of barotropic instability or that of baroclinic instability is more than that of Ketvin-Helmholtz （K-H） instability by 1 - 2 order of magnitude, and the contribution of the baroclinic instability is 5 times than that of the barotropic instability, thereby the frontal wave is basically driven by the baroclinic instability.

The Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan: seasonal feature, variability and mechanism

Oceanic front, especially Kuroshio front, is an important phenomenon that is of great significance for scientific research, national economy and military uses. However, Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW in brief） was rare investigated. In this study, reanalysis method is used to study the KFETW＇s temporal and spatial variability and frontogenesis mechanism. It is found that although surface thermal front to the east of Taiwan is not obvious, there is an all-year strong Kuroshio thermal front called KFETW under the surface. The KFETW is connected to the south section of Kuroshio front in the East China Sea （KFECS in brief） and distributes along the east coastline of Taiwan. The KFETW has multi-scale variation feature. It has significant seasonal signal, and its intensity and width reach their maximum in summer. By using the reanalysis results obtained from this study, frontogenesis and changing mechanisms of the KFETW are discussed. It is found that both the Kuroshio and up-welling to the east of Taiwan can affect this front, and the up-welling may be the predominant factor in KFETW＇s frontogenesis and maintenance mechanism.

Distribution of Turbidity and Fluorescence of SPM in Adjacent Waters of Taiwan Bank in Summer

The turbidity and fluorescence of suspended particulate matter （SPM） in the Taiwan Bank and adjacent waters were investigated during July-August, 2004, to examine the effects of the marine sediments re-suspension and sedimentary processes on the turbidity and fluorescence distribution of SPM. The results show that the turbidity of SPM is affected by the re-suspension of marine sediment in the near shore and continental shelf outer fringe, but not obvious in the shoal. The enrichment of phytoplankton has some effects on the turbidity in the continental shelf outer fringe, but not evident in the near shore. This is helpful for better understanding the distribution of turbidity and fluorescence in the adjacent waters of Taiwan Bank.

A study on benthic community structure in west of the Taiwan Strait and near the Taiwan Shoals

Community structures on benthic organisms in the Taiwan Strait based on 4 surveys during 1984～1985 are studied. Seven communities can be divided according to cluster analysis and community structure indexes. The distribution, structural feature of different communities, relation between environmental factors and community are also discussed. The benthic organism community takes the Asymmetron cultellum as the resourcetive at the vast and deep east area in the south of the Taiwan Strait. The results provide new data for resource exploitation and biology study.

Spatiotemporal variations of the surface Kuroshio east of Taiwan Island derived from satellite altimetry data

Spatiotemporal variation of the surface Kuroshio east of Taiwan Island is investigated by quantitatively analyzing 23-year(1993–2015)sea surface Absolute Dynamic Topography data.The annual mean state of the Kuroshio is shown,with a flow width ~136 km and surface transport ~7.75×10~4 m^2/s.The corresponding standard deviations of these are 28 km and 2.14×10~4 m^2/s.Results of power spectrum analysis indicate that the primary periods of Kuroshio surface transport east of Taiwan Island are 1 and 2.8 years,respectively.Spatially,the Kuroshio surface transport southeast of Taiwan Island has greater variability than that to its northeast.That transport showed strong seasonality,with a maximum 8.8×104 m^2/s in summer and minimum 7.5×10~4 m^2/s in winter,which was mainly caused by local monsoon winds.A linear long-term upward trend of Kuroshio surface transport during 1993–2015 was found,during which the mean,southeast,and northeast of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan Island increased by 0.30×10~4,0.22×10~4 and 0.36×104 m^2/s,respectively.Correlation and composite analysis show that the Philippines-Taiwan Oscillation(PTO)is important in the interannual variability of the Kuroshio.PTO-induced relative intensity of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies is the dominant influence on the interannual variability of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan Island.

The Taiwan Question China From the Perspective of International Crisis Management:History and Future

The Taiwan Question China discussed in this paper belongs to the theoretical crisis discussion on international relations and does not regard the Cross-Strait relations as relations between different countries.The outcome of the 2024 Taiwan Election has a great impact on the Taiwan question,the latest poll shows that the possibility of the Democratic Progressive Party(DPP)candidate to come to power is still very high,because its political evolution trend of Taiwan independence still exists.

The Impact of Tourism Across the Taiwan Strait on the Taiwan Residents Identity

Nowadays, the search for identity in Taiwan has been more significant today compared to the past because political parties have been attempting to use Taiwan Residents identity to impact the political loyalty, the democratization as well as language. Based on current situation of tourism cross-straits, this paper respectively analyzes its economic value, political value as well as cultural value on Taiwan Residents identity. This paper finds that due to a series of strategies adopted by Tsai' government, tourism does not make a big difference in Taiwan's economy, hence, the interdependence of tourism does not remarkably diminish Taiwan Residents identity from the perspective of economic value. Furthermore, according to the current perceptions of Taiwan Residents to Mainland tourists, tourism across Taiwan Strait makes slight influence on Taiwan Residents identity. Consequently, the current effect of using tourism as an economic lever to encourage political unification is extremely rough and tenuous. Besides, to some extent, currently tourism is likely to produce greater social and cultural alienation among Taiwan Residents, which makes a contribution to boost Taiwan Residents identity. However, the result can be reverse with the current improvement of education and the quality of Chinese and admiration of China's remarkable development.

Effect of Seismicity in the Taiwan Straits on the Southeast Coastal Area of the Chinese Mainland

Based on the available and supplementary survey data,it analyzes the effect of seismicity in Taiwan and the Taiwan Straits on the southeastern coastal area of the Chinese mainland and discusses its roles in seismic hazard prevention and textual research of historical earthquakes. The results show that the frequency of strong earthquake in Taiwan Region is high,with a time interval ranging from several to dozens of years,but the maximum influence intensity of seismicity from there to the coastal areas of the Chinese mainland is only VI degree; while the maximum influence intensity of the seismicity along the littoral fault zone located on the west of the straits reaches VIII ～ IX degree because of the shorter distance to the Chinese mainland,though the frequency of strong earthquakes is lower than that of the Taiwan Region. Strategies for protecting against seismic hazards in the southeastern coastal area of China are proposed. Besides focusing on the effect of strong earthquakes of the littoral fault zone,attention also has to be paid to the low-cycle fatigue failure of engineering structures induced by the earthquakes in Taiwan and the stir effect on society induced by earthquake phobia. It is concluded that it would be more accurate and proper to take the May 19,1517 earthquake recorded in the Chinese mainland area as the influence of a strong earthquake in the Taiwan Region.

SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT IN TAIWAN SHOAL

Taiwan Shoal sediments are well sorted and rounded medium-coarse sands eontaining a large amount of shell and beach rock fragments and basalt gravels, and are of deltaic, coastal and eolian origin. Underwater sand waves are formed by the combined tidal currents and are remolded by storm waves.