基于TRIPLEX模型的湖南省杉木林生产力模拟及预测

杉木Cunnighamia lanceolata是我国优良速生用材树种,其面积达921万hm2,占全国人工用材林面积的30.4%。用机理性模型在区域尺度上研究杉木林生产量可为估算杉木林固碳潜力、预测其对气候变化的响应和提高经营管理水平提供科学依据。利用气象、水文、土壤及植物等方面数据,对TRIPLEX 1.6模型进行参数化,用森林资源调查样地数据对模型进行验证,模拟湖南省杉木林1991～2040年生物量与生产力动态变化、空间分布格局。结果表明:模拟值与实测值之间拟合度高(p=0.995),TRIPLEX1.6模型可应用于模拟亚热带杉木林生长和生产量的动态变化。2010～2018年湖南省杉木林生产力(NPP)为迅速增长期,此后NPP缓慢下降,2008年所有样地杉木林平均年龄为23 a,单位面积平均NPP达到最大值(8.09 t.hm-2a-1),2010～2060年间平均值为6.96 t.hm-2a-1。

基于TRIPLEX模型的浙江省主要森林类型生物量模拟及敏感性分析

TRIPLEX模型是一种新兴混合模型,提供了一种整合目前模型并能有效解决所面临问题的观念和方法。本文以浙江省21个县4种主要林型（常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林、马尾松林和杉木林）、林龄5~50 a的147个样地森林生长和产量调查实测作为模型模拟和检验的数据,用TRIPLEX模型模拟和检验了样地的林分密度、树高、胸径、凋落物库、地上和总生物量,结果表明：4种主要林型的林地生长和产量模拟值和野外实测值的相关系数极高（p〈0.001）,两者之间的偏差也较小;各个林型的地上及总生物量的模拟值和实测值相关性均极高（p〈0.001）,决定系数r2均以马尾松林的最高（分别为0.95和0.94）,以杉木林的最低;除杉木林外,常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林和马尾松林的地上及总生物量对于温度增长均是负相关,4种主要林型的地上及总生物量对于相对湿度增长均是正相关,对于降水量变化不相关。TRIPLEX模型最小化了输入参数,对于参数要求低,但未降低预测能力,而且能够在浙江省复杂气候和土壤条件下预测地上和总生物量。

Triplexers Based on SOI Flattop AWGs

Triplexers are designed based on SOl flattop arrayed waveguide gratings （AWGs）. Three wavelengths （1310, 1490,and 1550nm） operate at three diffraction orders of AWGs. Simulation shows that the 3dB bandwidth,crosstalk, and loss are 6nm,less than -40dB, and 5dB, respectively. The output optical fields of the device fabricated in our laboratory are clear and show a good triplexing function.

用于Triplexer Monitor的波长不敏感耦合器

为了提高Triplexer Monitor的光信号采样性能和集成度,提出一种基于非对称锥形波导结构的波长不敏感耦合器。该耦合器采用SiO2-on-Si掩埋型光波导结构,位于中心部位的锥形波导构成耦合区,与之衔接的S型弯曲波导实现信号光的输入和输出。采用传输矩阵法分析了光监测端口输出的归一化的耦合光功率,分析时将耦合区的中心部位作为非对称矩形波导而外侧作为对称矩形波导。利用光束有限差分传播法(FDBPM)和MATLAB数值仿真得出:当耦合区中心非对称矩形波导宽度分别为5.50μm和3.35μm时,对于1300nm到1600nm的输入光波长范围,可实现光监测端口4%?8%的归一化耦合光功率。特别的,在1310nm、1490nm和1550nm输入光波条件下,耦合器在输出端的分光比分别为:92:8、96:4和93:7,同时TE模和TM模的分光比变化保持在5%以内。所设计的波长不敏感耦合器具有体积小、可靠性高等优点,适合与PLC型的Triplexer实现单片集成。

A Label-Free Colorimetric Aptasensor Containing DNA Triplex Molecular Switch and AuNP Nanozyme for Highly Sensitive Detection of Saxitoxin

Saxitoxin(STX),one of the most toxic paralytic shellfish poisons discovered to date,is listed as a required item of aquatic product safety inspection worldwide.However,conventional detection methods for STX are limited by various issues,such as low sensitivity,complicated operations,and ethical considerations.In this study,an aptamer-triplex molecular switch(APT-TMS)and gold nanoparticle(AuNP)nanozyme were combined to develop a label-free colorimetric aptasensor for the rapid and highly sensitive de-tection of STX.An anti-STX aptamer designed with pyrimidine arms and a purine chain was fabricated to form an APT-TMS.Specific binding between the aptamer and STX triggered the opening of the switch,which causes the purine chains to adsorb onto the surface of the AuNPs and enhances the peroxidase-like activity of the AuNP nanozyme toward 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine.Under optimized conditions,the proposed aptasensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity for STX,with a limit of detection of 335.6 pmol L^(−1) and a linear range of 0.59-150 nmol L^(−1).Moreover,good recoveries of 82.70%-92.66%for shellfish and 88.97%-106.5%for seawater were obtained.The analysis could be completed within 1 h.The proposed design also offers a robust strategy to achieve detection of other marine toxin targets by altering the corresponding aptamers.

Design of Photonic Crystal Triplexer with Core-Shell Rod Defects

We investigate an optical compact triplexer based on two photonic crystal waveguides and resonant cavities. For performing wavelength selection, we use three core-shell rods as the resonant cavities. The core rods are created by introducing air holes in the center of the silicon rods. By varying the radii of the air holes, three specific wavelengths 1.31, 1.49 and 1.55μm can be obtained. This structure is designed and its performance is verified by the finite-difference time-domain method, which is highly suitable for photonic integrated circuits （PICs）. The average output transmission efficiency and quality factor are more than 98.85% and 560, respectively. The mean value of the crosstalk between output channels is about -36.49 dB. The present device is extremely compact with total size 96.24μm2, which is suitable for PICs and can be utilized in the fiber-to-the-home system.

Reliability-Growth of Triplex Drilling Pump

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Application of Artificially Induced Double-strand Breaks (DSB) and Triplex-forming Oligonucleotides (TFO) in the Improvement of Gene Targeting Efficiency

Gene targeting technology is an important means to investigate gene functions, but its efficiency of gene targeting is very low, especially for somatic cell targeting. Artificially induced double-strand breaks （DSB） and triplex forming oligonucleotide （TFO） are currently developed methods to improve the targeting efficiency. This paper summarized the basic principles, design ideas and application in gene targeting efficiency improvement of these two methods, analyzed and com- pared their characteristics, and finally proposed prospects for their future development.

ICS Triplex Trusted系统在伊拉克哈法亚油田一期中心处理站的应用

伊拉克哈法亚油田(Halfaya Oilfield)中心处理站一期(Central processing facility phase one,简称CPF1)于2012年6月10日成功投油。CPF1是一座稳定性好、处理能力强的高效率石油中心处理站。处理站的安全稳定尤为重要,而安全关断系统(Safety Shutdown System,简称SSS)是保障安全生产、防止事故发生的重中之重。SSS系统由紧急停车系统(Emergency Shutdown Device,简称ESD)和火气系统(Fire and Gas System,简称FGS)两大部分组成。ICS Triplex公司的Trusted系统,具有稳定可靠的安全机制和强大的功能,现应用于CPF1项目中,作为SSS系统起到了很大作用,对于油田生产意义重大。

Experimental study of triplex-forming oligonucleotide targeted to the initiator of S gene of HBV labeled with ^(125)I

This study is used to investigate the feasibility of employing the Iodogen method to label triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO) targeted to the initiator of the S gene of HBV with 125I. A 17-mer oligonucleotides sequence was synthesized and grafted at the 5′ terminal with a tyramine group. Radioiodination of the tyramine-TFO with 125I was then performed using the Iodogen method. After TFO was labeled with 125I using the Iodogen method, the label- ing rate, the radiochemical purity, stability and bioactivity were determined, respectively. The results show that the radiolabeling rate and the radiochemical purity were 93% and 99%, respectively; and the radiochemical purity is more than 90% in vitro at -20°C on the 5th day after labeling; and the rate of 125I-tyramine-TFO binding to HepG2.2.15 cells was (37.2 ± 1.4)% and statistically different from the rate of HepG2 (p < 0.5). Hence, it is concluded that the labeling of oligonucleotides conjugated with tyramine using the Iodogen method is successful and is characterized with a high labeling rate, high stability, and a low loss of bioactivity of the labeled agent.

Toeless and reversible DNA strand displacement based on Hoogsteen-bond triplex

Strand displacement reaction is a crucial component in the assembly of diverse DNA-based nanodevices,with the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction representing the prevailing strategy.However,the single-stranded Watson-Crick sticky region that serves as the trigger for strand displacement can also cause leakage reactions by introducing crosstalk in complex DNA circuits.Here,we proposed the toeless and reversible DNA strand displacement reaction based on the Hoogsteen-bond triplex,which is compatible with most of the existing DNA circuits.We demonstrated that our proposed reaction can occur at pH 5 and can be reversed at pH 9.We also observed an approximately linear relationship between the degree of reaction and pH within the range of pH 5-6,providing the potential for precise regulation of the reaction.Meanwhile,by altering the sequence orientation,we have demonstrated that our proposed reaction can be initiated or regulated through the same toeless mechanism without the requirement for protonation in low pH conditions.Based on the proposed reaction principle,we further constructed a variety of DNA nanodevices,including two types of DNA logic gates that rely on pH 5/pH 9 changes for initiating and reversing:the AND gate and the OR gate.We also successfully constructed a DNA Walker based on our proposed reaction modes,which can move along a given track after the introduction of a programmable DNA sequence and complete a cycle after 4 steps.Our findings suggest that this innovative approach will have broad utility in the development of DNA circuits,molecular sensors,and other complex biological systems.

Employing pH-responsive RNA triplex to control CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene manipulation in mammalian cells

The clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9)system is an RNA-guided platform for highly efficient and specific genome targeting in diverse organisms,which has been exploited for various applications in gene manipulation.Compared with the constantly active CRISPR/Cas9 function,conditional control of its activity can improve the performance of the system with reduced side effects and high spatiotemporal precision.The pH-responsive triplex RNA was successful used in CRISPR-derived RNA/trans-activating crRNA(crRNA/tracrRNA)of CRISPR/Cas9,thus affecting RNA/dead Cas9(dCas9)complex to target DNA in vitro and in vivo.This design of triplex RNA opens a new window towards the broad involvement of eukaryotic cells for conditional control of CRISPR/Cas9function.?2024 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Triplex-structure based DNA circuits with ultra-low leakage and high signal-to-noise ratio

DNA circuits are powerful tools in various applications such as logical computation,molecular diagnosis and synthetic biology.Leakage is a major problem in constructing complex DNA circuits.It directly affects the output signal and harms the circuit’s performance significantly.In the traditional DNA circuits,the gate complex is a duplex structure.There are insufficient energy barriers to prevent spontaneous detachment of strands,resulting in a leak prone.Herein,we have developed triplex-structure based DNA circuit with ultra-low leakage and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).The triplex structure improves the stability in the absence of input.At the same time,the driving force of the strand displacement cascades reduces the influence of the triplex structure on the desired reaction.The SNR of the DNA circuit was increased to 695,while the desired reaction rate remained 90%of the conventional translator circuit.The triplex-structure mediated leakage prevention strategy was further tested at different temperatures and in DNA translator and seesaw circuits.We also constructed modular basic logic gates with a high efficiency and low leakage.On this basis,we further constructed triplex-structure based tertiary DNA logic circuits,and the SNR reached 295,which,to the best of our knowledge,was among the highest of the field.We believe that our scheme provides a novel,valid,and general tool for reducing leakages,and we anticipate that it will be widely adopted in DNA nanotechnology.

Triplexer的光学分析

从Triplexer的光学结构入手,对该器件中传输的光束进行了详细的公式化分析,而后对组成Triplexer的各组件的光学参数的内在联系做了分析,并从各组件数值孔径(NA)这个独特的角度审视,在器件与光纤耦合时舍弃了传统的Grin透镜,而采用了长工作距离的C透镜,解决了Grin透镜耦合时工作距离过短带来损耗过大的问题,最后根据分析计算的结果给出了在选择各组件时应注意的问题以及必须满足的具体参数要求。

Computational analysis of triplex formation of oligonucleotides:protonated and 5-methylated py-pu-py motif

A triple helix composed of three dodecanucleotides,5'-d(TC)6,5-(AG)6 and 3'-d(TC)6 with each containing a methylcytosme or a protonated-cylosine,was examined in terms of various interactions Computational malvsis of the stability of triplex formation was consistent with the experimental observations.The Hoogsleen hase among interaction was increased through substitution of 5-methylcytosme for cytosme and/or protonation The inter-woon between water molecules and DNA triplex was visualized in terms,of the end-to-end distance change of each trand The chain length was reduced by about 7 5%-16 2% due to the screening effect In addition,as the screening fleer nerenises,Hoogsteen base pairs appear to be stable in triplex formation.Our computational results also show this the effect of protonated- and methylated cytosme on the stability of triplex formation was due to the change of the beerostanis mteractions rather than the surface stacking interaction

Ultra compact triplexing filters based on SOI nanowire AWGs

An ultra compact triplexing filter was designed based on a silicon on insulator（SOI） nanowire arrayed waveguide grating（AWG） for fiber-to-the-home FTTH.The simulation results revealed that the design performed well in the sense of having a good triplexing function.The designed SOI nanowire AWGs were fabricated using ultraviolet lithography and induced coupler plasma etching.The experimental results showed that the crosstalk was less than -15 dB,and the 3 dB-bandwidth was 11.04 nm.The peak wavelength output from ports a,c,and b were 1455,1510 and 1300 nm,respectively,which deviated from our original expectations.The deviation of the wavelength is mainly caused by 45 nm width deviation of the arrayed waveguides during the course of the fabrication process and partly caused by material dispersion.

Yielding behavior of triplex medium Mn steel alternated with cooling strategies altering martensite/ferrite interfacial feature

In this paper, we report the influence of cooling processes on the yielding behavior of a medium Mn steel(MMS) with triplex microstructure, i.e. austenite(γ), ferrite(α) and as-quenched martensite(α’). After the intercritical annealing(IA) at both 725℃ and 750℃, the steel was subjected to the two cooling processes, i.e. air cooling(AC) and water quenching(WQ). It exhibits the discontinuous yielding after the AC following the IA at 750℃ while the continuous yielding after the WQ. Compared with WQ process,both the dilatometry and the microstructural examinations show that the AC process leads to lower Ms temperature, larger retained austenite(RA) fraction and less martensite, the latter is always companied with geometry necessary dislocations(GNDs) generated near the α/α’ interfaces. Considering the complexity of nanosized tri-phases in this steel, the presence of martensite with key features in the resultant specimens was systematically examined by atom probe tomography(APT) on the samples prepared by the specific target lift-out method. The APT results directly revealed the C/Mn co-segregation at the α’/αinterfaces in the AC samples but not in WQ samples. The numerical simulation results further suggest that the segregation of C and Mn at the α’/α interfaces may be due to different mechanisms. We conclude that the yielding of triplex MMS is determined by both the quantity of GNDs generated near theα/α’ interfaces, which increases with martensite fraction, and the extent of their immobilization resulting from the interfacial segregation of solute atoms when the presence of martensite is sufficient. WQ tends to suppress the discontinuous yielding of MMS since the rapid cooling may promote more martensite formed with the increasing quantity of GNDs and prevent the interfacial segregation of both C and Mn.

LncRNA LINC00525 suppresses p21 expression viamRNA decay and triplex-mediated changes in chromatin structure in lung adenocarcinoma

Background:Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)play crucial roles in various cancers.In the present study,we aim to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of an up-regulated and survivalassociated lncRNA,LINC00525,in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).Methods:The expression level of LINC00525 in tissueswas determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and in situ hybridization(ISH).The functional role of LINC00525 in LUAD was investigated using gain-and loss-of-function approaches,both in vivo and in vitro.RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP),chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP),triplex-capture assay,dual-luciferase assay,gene expression microarray,and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms involved.Results:LINC00525 is highly expressed in LUAD cells and tissues.Survival analysis indicated that upregulation of LINC00525 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUAD patients.Knockdown of LINC00525 inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in vitro.In xenograft models,LINC00525 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and tumorigenesis of tumorbearing mice.Mechanistically,LINC00525 epigenetically suppressed p21 transcription by guiding Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit(EZH2)to the p21 promoter through an formation of RNA-DNA triplex with the p21 promoter,leading to increased trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3(H3K27me3)of the p21 promoter.In addition,LINC00525 repressed p21 expression post-transcriptionally by enhancing p21mRNA decay.LINC00525 promoted p21mRNAdecay by competitively binding toRNABindingMotif Single Stranded Interacting Protein 2(RBMS2).Conclusion:Our findings demonstrate that LINC00525 promotes the progression of LUAD by reducing the transcription and stability of p21 mRNA in concert with EZH2 and RBMS2,thus suggesting that LINC00525 may be a potential therapeutic target for clinical intervention in LUAD.