Comparison of Thyroglobulin and Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women between Counties with a Median Urinary Iodine Concentration of 100-149 μg/L and 150-249 μg/L

Objective This study explored whether thyroglobulin and thyroid disease prevalence rates were higher in pregnant Chinese women with a median urinary iodine concentration of 100-149μg/L,compared with those with a median urinary iodine concentration of 150-249μg/L maintained through sustainable universal salt iodization.Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 812 healthy pregnant women were enrolled to collect samples of their household edible salt,urine,and blood during their routine antenatal care in the18 counties in Fujian Province,China.The levels of salt iodine concentration,urinary iodine concentration(UIC),free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroid hormone(FT4),thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),thyroglobulin(Tg),thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody were assessed during the routine antenatal care visits.Results The median UIC(m UIC)in pregnant women was 130.8μg/L(interquartile range=91.5-198.1μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L(Group I),and 172.0μg/L(interquartile range=123.5-244.4μg/L)in the counties with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L(Group II).Goiter prevalence and thyroid nodule detection rates showed no difference between Group I and Group II(P>0.05).Except for FT4 values,the TSH,FT4,FT3,Tg and Tg values>40(μg/L)and the thyroid diseases prevalence rate(TDR)showed no significant differences between Group I and Group II(P>0.05),whether or not iodine supplementation measures were taken.Conclusion Compared with an m UIC of 150-249μg/L,not only there was no difference in thyroid morphology,but also the Tg value,rate of Tg values>40μg/L,and TDR were not higher in pregnant women in the counties with an m UIC of 100-149μg/L achieved through sustainable universal salt iodization in Fujian Province,China.

Correlation analysis of serum thyroglobulin,thyroid-stimulating hormone levels,and thyroid-cancer risk in thyroid nodule surgery

BACKGROUND Thyroglobulin(Tg)is one of the markers of thyroid cancer,and its concentration may be elevated in patients with malignant thyroid tumors.Thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)is secreted by the pituitary gland,which has a significant impact on thyroid gland function.Excessively high or low TSH levels may be associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.Thus,in-depth studies on the association of serum Tg and TSH levels with thyroid cancer risk in patients with thyroid nodules are warranted.This can help determine whether Tg and TSH levels can predict the degree of malignancy of thyroid nodules,which can in turn guide doctors in making accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions.Furthermore,such studies can provide more accurate diagnostic methods for thyroid nodules and help patients become aware of the presence of thyroid cancer as early as possible,thereby improving the success rate of treatment and prognosis.AIM To investigate the association of serum Tg and TSH levels with the risk of thyroid cancer in patients undergoing thyroid nodule surgery.METHODS The clinical data and laboratory examination results of 130 patients who underwent thyroid nodule surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Furthermore,their preoperative serum Tg and TSH levels were recorded.Histopathological examination conducted during follow-up revealed the presence of thyroid cancer.Correlation analysis were used to analyze the association of Tg and TSH levels with the risk of thyroid cancer.RESULTS Of the 130 patients,60 were diagnosed with thyroid cancer.Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between serum Tg levels and the risk of thyroid cancer(P<0.05).This suggests that high serum Tg levels are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.However,no significant correlation was observed between serum TSH levels and the risk of thyroid cancer(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In patients who underwent thyroid nodule surgery,serum Tg levels exhibited a significant correlation with the risk of thyroid cancer but serum TSH levels did not.These findings suggest that serum Tg can serve as an important biomarker for assessing the risk of thyroid cancer in these patients.

Use of thyroglobulin as a tumour marker

It is worthwhile to measure serum thyroglobulin(TG) level in thyroid cancer before subjecting patients to surgery for two reasons. Firstly, if the level is high, it may give a clue to the local and metastatic tumour burden at presentation; secondly, if the level is normal,it identifies the patients who are unlikely to show rising TG levels in the presence of thyroid cancer. Those who have high serum TG before surgery will show up recurrence as rising serum TG during the postoperative period. Those who do not have high serum TG before surgery will not show up rising serum TG in the presence of recurrent disease. In the latter situation, normal TG level gives only a false reassurance regarding recurrence of disease. Nevertheless, rising serum TG during the postoperative period must be interpreted cautiously because this could be due to the enlargement of noncancerous residual thyroid tissue inadvertently left behind during surgery.

Serial stimulated thyroglobulin measurements are more specific for detecting distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer before radioiodine therapy

Objective: Preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg) has the potential to be used in identifying distant metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DM-DTC), but its single level can be affected by remnant thyroid tissue and thyrotropin (TSH). The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the value of serial ps-Tg measurements in identifying DM-DTC specifically. Methods: A total of 317 DTC patients with serial measurements of ps-Tg, TSH and anti-Tg antibody were divided into M1 (n=72) and M0 (n=245) according to the presence of distant metastasis (DM) or not. The initial psTg measurement, with a corresponding TSH exceeding 30 mu IU/mL, was marked as Tg1, and ps-Tg measured right before radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy was defined as Tg2, with a median interval of 8 days. Delta Tg denotes Tg2-Tg1, and Delta TSH denotes TSH2-TSH1. Tg1, Tg2, Delta Tg, and Delta Tg/Delta TSH were tested for efficacy in identifying DM-DTC using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and further compared with chest computed tomography (CT) and posttreatment whole-body RAI scan (RxWBS). Results: Compared with single ps-Tg measurement (Tg1 or Tg2), both Delta Tg and Delta Tg/Delta TSH were more narrowly distributed around zero in the M0 group, which made their distribution in the M1 group more distinguished in a relatively dispersed way. Delta Tg/Delta TSH manifested a higher accuracy (88.64%) and specificity (90.20%) in identifying DM-DTC than Tg1 or Tg2 measurements, with a much higher specificity than chest CT (90.20% vs. 66.00%) and a much higher sensitivity than RxWBS (83.33% vs. 61.11%). Conclusions: Serial ps-Tg measurements even over as short an interval as 8 days hold incremental value in identifying DM-DTC. Delta Tg/Delta TSH is a specific early biochemical marker for DM-DTC.

Serum Thyroglobulin——A Sensitive Biomarker of Iodine Nutrition Status and Affected by Thyroid Abnormalities and Disease in Adult Populations

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the thyroglobulin （Tg） level in adults as a nutritiona biomarker of iodine status and to identify the factors related to the serum Tg level. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in adult populations of areas differing in iodine nutrition from three provinces （Autonomous Region） in China. Serum levels of thyroid hormones and Tg as well as thyroid autoantibodies were measured. The thyroid volume and nodule were measured by ultrasound. A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess iodine intake and other indeterminate factors associated with the serum Tg level. Results A total of 573 adults were recruited for this study. The serum Tg levels differed significantly among the three groups （22.27 ~g/L, 9.73 pg/L and 15.77 pg/L in the excess, more-than-adequate, and deficient groups, respectively）. The results of multivariate linear regression analysis indicate that excess and deficient iodine intake, goiter, thyroid nodule, hypothyroidism are significantly related with higher Tg level, and TgAb positivity is significantly related with lower serum Tg. Conclusion The serum Tg level reflects abnormal thyroid function and is a sensitive functiona biomarker of iodine nutrition status.

Value of thyroglobulin combined with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma

BACKGROUND Surgery for thyroid carcinoma offers a good prognosis;however,cervical lymph node metastasis may occur in the early stage.An effective diagnostic method can accurately guide clinical surgical planning and the scope of lymph node dissection,ultimately improving patient prognosis.AIM To explore the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration of thyroglobulin(FNATg)combined with ultrasound(US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology for cervical lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma.METHODS We enrolled 209 pathologically confirmed thyroid carcinoma patients who visited our hospital between Jan 2017 and Dec 2020.Patients were tentatively diagnosed with cervical lymph node enlargement using preoperative US.They underwent US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and FNA-Tg.The value of single and combined application of the two methods for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis was calculated.The factors affecting FNA-Tg for diagnosis were analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods.RESULTS FNA-Tg values were significantly higher among patients with positive cervical lymph node metastasis.The sensitivity and specificity of US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology,FNA-Tg,and US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology+FNA-Tg were 85.48%and 90.59%,83.06%and 87.06%,and 96.77%and 91.76%,respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for USguided fine-needle aspiration cytology,FNA-Tg,and the two combined,was 0.880,0.851,and 0.943,respectively.A long diameter/short diameter ratio<2,an insufficient number of acquired cells,a low serum thyroglobulin level,and an absence of typical metastatic US features increased the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma patients misdiagnosed using FNA-Tg.CONCLUSION The diagnostic value of FNA-Tg for detecting cervical lymph node metastasis is not high;however,combined with US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology,it is significantly improved.

Optimal Threshold of Stimulated Serum Thyroglobulin Level for ^(18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging in Patients with Thyroid Cancer

This study was to explore the optimal threshold of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)-stimulated serum thyroglobulin(s-Tg) for patients who were to receive18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG) PET/CT scan owing to clinical suspicion of differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) recurrence but negative post-therapeutic 131I whole-body scan(131I-WBS). A total of 60 qualified patients underwent PET/CT scanning from October 2010 to July 2014. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analyses showed that s-Tg levels over 49 μg/L led to the highest diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT to detect recurrence, with a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 90.9%. Besides, bivariate correlation analysis showed positive correlation between s-Tg levels and the maximum standardized uptake values(SUVmax) of18F-FDG in patients with positive PET/CT scanning, suggesting a significant influence of TSH both on Tg release and uptake of18F-FDG. So, positive PET/CT imaging is expected when patients have negative 131I-WBS but s-Tg levels over 49 μg/L.

Impact of Thyroglobulin on Survival and Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Proper assessment of risk factors contributes to the principle management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma post operatively. Aim of the study: to investigate the effect of Thyroglobulin (Tg) levels on prognosis together with other risk factors for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC). Patients and methods: Medical records of all patients with DTC presented to Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department referred from Diabetes & Endocrine unit (Internal Medicine Hospital) and Surgery Department Mansoura University from 2011-2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with distant metastasis or who lost follow-up were excluded. So data of 220 patients were analyzed. Data collected included pre-surgical assessment, also surgical interference either total or near total thyroidectomy with or without lymph node neck dissection were reviewed. Different prognostic factors that affect progression free survival (PFS) include age, umorsize, ymph node status, ex, multifocality, capsular infiltration, vascular invasion and Tg level were evaluated through multivariate analysis. Results: Most of the patients included were <45 years (69.1%). Incidence of the disease was higher in female (80%) with papillary type predominance (80.9%). About 59.5% of cases presented with tumor size ≤ 2 cm and multifocality was reported in 13.6%. While 30% had lymph node metastasis, 11% had vascular invasion. Capsular infiltration was observed in 15% and most of them showed Tg level ≤ 10 ng/ml (68.2%). About 70% received ablative radioiodine. The 5-year Progression Free Survival (PFS) was 85%. On multivariate analysis of variable prognostic factors on PFS, we found that tumor size, age, lymph node status, capsular infiltration, Tg level and vascular invasion significantly affected PFS (P = 0.01, 0.005, 0.004, 0.005, 0.02, 0.003) respectively. While sex, pathological type and multifocality were not (P = 0.9, 0.4, 0.6) respectively. Conclusion: Postoperative Tg level is a statistically significant prognostic factor together with other risk factors.

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with Thyroglobulin Elevation and Negative Iodine Scintigraphy (TENIS Syndrome)

Background and Objectives: Following the initial management, some patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) develop a state of high thyroglobulin (Tg) and Negative Iodine Scintigraphy. The predisposing factors and outcome of this condition are unclear. In this study, our objectives were to analyze the characteristics of patients with high Tg level and negative Iodine scintigraphy and to determine the predictive factors for development of high Tg and negative scintigraphy. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of 34 patients undergoing treatment for DTC, followed in the Nuclear Medicine department of the University Hospital—Sahloul Sousse between 1990 and 2006 and having a high Tg and negative Iodine scintigraphy. Fourteen patients had Tg between 2 and 10 ng/ml, 16 had Tg between 11 and 100 ng/ml and 4 patients had Tg more than 100 ng/ml. Results: There were 25 women and 9 men. The mean age was 51.65 years. In 94.1% of cases, the tumor was papillary carcinoma. Follicular tumors accounted for only 5.9%. The mean nodule size was3.26 cm. Capsular invasion was seen in 47.1% cases. The locoregional invasion was found in 35.3%. The lymph node extension was found in 84.8% of patients having lymph node surgery. Lymph node involvement was observed in 92.8% of patients with papillary cancer but it was found in 7.2% of patients with follicular cancers. Lymph node invasion was unilateral in 28.6% (N1a) and bilateral, contralateral or mediastinal in 71.4% (N1b). Initial level of Tg was as follows: 7 patients had Tg between 2 and 10 ng/ml, 14 patients had Tg between 11 and 100 ng/ml and 12 had Tg more than 100 ng/ml. The mean number of radioactive Iodine cure was 11.08 for patients with Tg more than 100 ng/ml with a significant difference (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Among epidemiological, pathological and clinical characteristics, lymph node invasion is the most frequent parameter found in patients with a DTC with high Tg level and negative Iodine scintigraphy.

Anti-Thyroglobulin IgG in Therapeutic Immunoglobulins: A Reactivity Bias in IgG4 Subclass

Therapeutic immunoglobulins are used in the treatment of immunodeficiencies as well as several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. These intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) represent the healthy human IgG repertoire, which can be reactive for both self and non-self antigens. A better characterization of IVIg’s repertoire is an important aspect to enable its effective utilization as an immunomodulatory treatment. In this study we have investigated the reactivity of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 present in IVIg for a small selection of antigens, including actin, DNA, ferritin and thyroglobulin. We observed that two commercial preparations of therapeutic immunoglobulins contain very high reactivity for thyroglobulin, which was predominantly detected by IgG4. Since IgG4 antibodies can have immunomodulatory properties, these result suggest that these anti-thyroglobulin may have a role in the IVIg treatment of autoimmune disease characterized by high avidity for anti-thyroglobulin antibodies such as Hashimoto’s disease.

Correlation of serum thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels with pulmonary metastasis and bone metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer

Objective:To study the correlation of serum thyroglobulin (TG) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) levels with pulmonary metastasis and bone metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer.Methods: Patients with thyroid cancer who underwent surgical resection in our hospital were selected as the research subjects, and the patients without distant metastasis, with pulmonary metastasis and with bone metastasis were screened and enrolled in non-metastasis group, pulmonary metastasis group and bone metastasis group respectively. Serum was collected to determine the levels of TG and TGAb, and metastatic lesion tissue was collected to determine the expression proliferation-related molecules Bcl-2, Skp-2, caspase-3 and p27 as well as invasion molecules S100A4, MMP2, MMP13, SATB1 and Vimentin.Results: The positive rates of serum TGAb and TG of pulmonary metastasis group and bone metastasis group were significantly higher than those of non-metastasis group;S100A4, MMP2, MMP13, SATB1, Vimentin, Bcl-2 and Skp-2 mRNA contents in metastatic lesions of patients with positive serum TG and TGAb were significantly higher than those of patients with negative serum TG and TGAb while caspase-3 and p27 mRNA contents were significantly lower than those of patients with negative serum TG and TGAb.Conclusion:The increase of serum TG and TGAb contents is associated with the pulmonary metastasis and bone metastasis after thyroid carcinoma surgery, and has promoting effect on the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells in metastatic lesions.

Conservative Treatment of Fetal Goitrous Hypothyroidism Due to Thyroglobulin Mutations:A Case Report and Literature Review

With the advances in fetal medicine,there will be more cases of congenital hypothyroidism(CH)diagnosed in the fetal period.However,there is no consensus on the management protocol.We present a successful case of conservatively managed fetal goitrous hypothyroidism due to compound heterozygous TG mutations.Goiter was observed in a fetus at 23 weeks of gestation.Because there was no evidence of transplacental passage of antithyroid antibody and drugs,iodine overload,and iodine deficiency,the fetus was highly suspected to have CH.Considering the potential risks of amniocentesis/cordocentesis,and lack of available parenteral levothyroxine in China,the fetus was closely monitored thereafter.A male neonate was delivered vaginally without complications at 39 weeks of gestation.We verified severe hypothyroidism in the infant and immediately initiated levothyroxine therapy.His growth and mental development were normal at the age of 8 month.Whole-exome sequencing showed that the neonate had two compound heterozygous mutations in the TG gene.We also performed a literature review of the prognosis of postnatal treatment of CH due to TG mutations and the result showed that postnatal treatment of CH due to TG mutations has a favorable prognosis.However,further prospective studies are warranted to verify this conclusion.

甲状腺功能检测联合TG-Ab、TPO-Ab水平检查对亚临床甲减患者的诊断效果

目的分析甲状腺功能检测联合抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TG-Ab)、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPO-Ab)水平检查对亚临床甲减患者的诊断效果。方法选取2021年10月至2023年10月我院收治的100例疑似亚临床甲减患者为观察组,再选取同期到院进行常规体检的100名健康志愿者为对照组。所有研究对象入院后均进行甲状腺功能与TG-Ab、TPO-Ab水平检测,对比分析两种检查单独与联合应用时的诊断效能。结果两组的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组的促甲状腺激素(TSH)、TG-Ab、TPO-Ab水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TSH、FT3、FT4和TG-Ab、TPO-Ab联合检测对亚临床甲减的诊断准确度、灵敏度高于单独检测(P<0.05)。结论甲状腺功能联合TG-Ab、TPO-Ab检测诊断亚临床甲减可取得较高的诊断效能。

远处转移性甲状腺乳头状癌生化进展的影响因素研究

背景晚期甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC),尤其是远处转移性甲状腺乳头状癌(DM-PTC)的病情变化主要从甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)等血清学指标和CT等影像学两方面进行监测。由于CT等影像学手段本身的局限性如辐射、价格昂贵及转移病灶分布的复杂性,实体瘤疗效评估标准(RECIST 1.1)常无法及时捕捉DM-PTC患者的病情变化,而整合了时间维度的Tg倍增时间(TgDT)已显示其在灵敏监测PTC疾病变化中的作用。目的以TgDT为结局变量,探索DM-PTC的生化进展及其影响因素。方法回顾性纳入2018年1月—2023年6月北京协和医院核医学科就诊的61例DM-PTC患者为研究对象,通过门诊病历系统收集研究对象的基线资料并进行基因突变检测,基因突变检测内容包括鼠类肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1(BRAF)突变、端粒酶反转录酶(TERT)突变、转染重排(RET)融合、大鼠肉瘤病毒(RAS)突变。末次^(131)I治疗后4个月到1年时间内行外周血T细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)及淋巴细胞检测。计算TgDT,以TgDT 3年为界,将研究对象分为<3年组(n=16)和≥3年组(n=45)。末次^(131)I治疗后4个月到1年时间内,计算TgDT的初次Tg时间点的T细胞亚群、NK细胞百分比及淋巴细胞绝对值被定义为淋巴细胞亚群的初始值,计算TgDT的末次Tg时间点的T细胞亚群、NK细胞百分比及淋巴细胞绝对值被定义为淋巴细胞亚群的末次值,淋巴细胞亚群随时间纵向变化情况以淋巴细胞亚群变化率表示,淋巴细胞亚群变化率=(末次值-初始值)/初始值×100%。比较两组淋巴细胞亚群初始值及变化率的差异情况。采用多因素Logistic逐步向后回归分析探究DM-PTC生化进展的影响因素。结果≥3年组确诊年龄、末次^(131)I治疗前局部手术次数、碘难治(RAIR)、TERT突变、BRAF与TERT共同突变比例低于<3年组,RET融合比例高于<3年组(P<0.05)。≥3年组CD_(3)^(+)T细胞百分比、CD_(8)^(+)T细胞百分比高于<3年组,NK细胞百分比、CD4/CD8低于<3年组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示CD_(8)^(+)T细胞百分比降低(OR=0.879,95%CI=0.792~0.975)、BRAF与TERT共同突变(OR=7.044,95%CI=1.368~36.265)是DM-PTC生化进展的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论低CD_(8)^(+)T细胞比例的免疫状态、BRAF与TERT共同突变等多种因素可影响DM-PTC的生化进展,淋巴细胞亚群及多基因联合检测对于DM-PTC病情监测及预后评价具有重要意义。

术前血清TG/TSH水平预测甲状腺癌根治术后复发风险的价值

目的探讨术前血清甲状腺球蛋白(TG)/促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平预测甲状腺癌根治术后复发风险的价值。方法回顾性分析2021年3月至2023年3月本院接受甲状腺癌根治术治疗的110例甲状腺癌患者临床资料,根据随访结果分为复发组(n=27)和未复发组(n=83)。比较两组一般资料、血清TG、TSH及TG/TSH水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析甲状腺癌根治术后复发的影响因素并通过ROC曲线分析血清TG、TG/TSH水平预测甲状腺癌根治术后复发的价值。结果两组临床分期Ⅱ期占比、淋巴转移占比及TG、TG/TSH水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示临床分期Ⅱ期占比、淋巴转移占比及TG、TG/TSH水平为甲状腺癌根治术后复发的影响因素(P<0.05);TG、TG/TSH水平预测甲状腺癌根治术后复发情况的曲线下面积分别为0.745、0.892(P<0.05)。结论影响甲状腺癌根治术后复发的因素较多,包括临床分期、淋巴转移占比及TG、TG/TSH水平,患者术前TG、TG/TSH水平越高患者复发风险越高。

超声弹性评分联合血清甲状腺球蛋白水平对老年甲状腺癌患者治疗预后的预测价值

目的分析超声弹性评分与血清甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)水平联合预测老年甲状腺癌(TC)患者治疗预后的效用。方法选取76例老年TC患者,术前均行超声检查,并行超声弹性评分。于术后1年测定患者血清的Tg水平,分析不同临床病理特征的超声弹性评分与血清Tg水平;同时绘制受试者工作曲线(ROC),分析超声弹性评分、血清Tg水平单独与联合预测老年TC患者术后淋巴结转移的效能;另对比不同超声弹性评分与血清Tg水平患者无进展生存期。结果术后发生淋巴结转移患者术前超声弹性评分高于无淋巴结转移者,术后发生淋巴结转移患者术后1年的血清Tg水平高于无淋巴结转移者,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。ROC结果显示:超声弹性评分、血清Tg水平联合检测预测老年TC患者术后淋巴结转移的曲线下面积(AUC),高于两种方法单独检测。超声弹性评分<3.5分与血清Tg水平<24.995μg老年TC患者的无进展生存期高于超声弹性评分≥3.5分与血清Tg水平≥24.995μg的患者,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论超声弹性评分联合血清Tg水平可预测老年TC患者治疗预后。

FNAC联合FNA-Tg检测在甲状腺乳头状癌颈侧区淋巴结转移中的诊断价值

目的探讨超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查(FNAC)联合细针穿刺洗脱液甲状腺球蛋白(FNA-Tg)在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)颈侧区淋巴结转移中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析行颈侧区淋巴结清扫术的200例PTC患者的临床资料,术前超声评估颈侧区有可疑转移淋巴结236枚,术后病理证实转移性淋巴结178枚,非转移性淋巴结58枚,所有患者均行FNAC、FNA-Tg检查。以术后病理结果为金标准,比较FNAC、FNA-Tg、FNAC联合FNA-Tg的诊断结果及诊断效能。结果FNAC联合FNA-Tg诊断PTC颈侧区淋巴结转移的灵敏度、准确度、阴性预测值高于单一诊断方法,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论FNAC与FNA-Tg检测方法在临床中能够用于诊断PTC颈侧区淋巴结转移,两者联合检测可以进一步提高诊断效能,值得推广及应用。

不同剂量TSH抑制疗法对围绝经期甲状腺癌术后患者骨密度及血清Tg、MIP-1α水平的影响

目的探究不同剂量促甲状腺激素(Thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)抑制疗法对围绝经期甲状腺癌术后患者骨密度及血清甲状腺球蛋白(Thyroglobulin,Tg)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α(Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha,MIP-1α)水平的影响。方法回顾性选取2021年9月~2023年7月在我院接受治疗的110例围绝经期甲状腺癌术后患者为研究对象。根据不同的TSH治疗剂量将患者分为高剂量组和低剂量组,每组55例。治疗后观察评估两组治疗疗效;比较两组患者的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(Free triiodothyronine,FT3)、游离甲状腺素(Free thyroxine,FT4)、TSH、Tg、癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、MIP-1α、钙、磷及骨密度水平。结果高剂量组临床总有效率为87.27%,显著高于低剂量组的70.91%(P<0.05);治疗后,两组TSH水平明显下降,且高剂量组显著低于低剂量组(P<0.05),FT3及FT4水平均上升,且高剂量组高于低剂量组(P<0.05);血清Tg、CEA及MIP-1α水平明显降低,且高剂量组低于低剂量组(P<0.05);治疗后钙、磷及骨密度各指标水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高剂量的TSH抑制疗法相比低剂量的疗效更好,能更有效地抑制患者TSH的分泌,间接降低血清Tg和MIP-1α水平,且两种疗法均对患者的骨代谢不产生明显影响。

参芪地黄汤化裁联合胰岛素治疗二甲双胍控制血糖不佳气阴两虚证糖尿病的效果

目的探讨参芪地黄汤化裁联合胰岛素治疗在二甲双胍控制血糖不佳气阴两虚证糖尿病患者中的应用价值。方法选取2019年3月—2022年6月就诊的100例二甲双胍控制血糖不佳气阴两虚证糖尿病开展回顾性研究,均为2型糖尿病。根据治疗方法不同分为研究组和常规组,每组50例。研究组采用参芪地黄汤化裁联合胰岛素治疗,常规组采用胰岛素治疗。比较2组疗效、中医证候积分、血糖相关指标[糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)]、炎性指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、白血病抑制因子(LIF)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)]、预后指标[脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血尿酸(SUA)、甲状腺球蛋白(TG)]及安全性。结果研究组临床总有效率94.00%(47/50)高于常规组80.00%(40/50)(P<0.05)。治疗后研究组各中医证候积分及总积分低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后研究组HbA1c、2 h PBG、FBG、HOMA-IR低于常规组,HOMA-β高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后研究组CRP、MCP-1、LIF、HMGB1、Lp-PLA2、SUA、TG低于常规组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论参芪地黄汤化裁联合胰岛素治疗二甲双胍控制血糖不佳气阴两虚证糖尿病患者效果显著,可有效降低血糖水平,改善临床症状,减轻炎症反应,且安全性高。

术前甲状腺相关血清学检测指标与甲状腺结节良恶性的相关性分析

目的探讨术前甲状腺相关血清学检测指标与甲状腺结节良恶性的相关性。方法回顾性分析贵州省人民医院2020年1月至12月经手术治疗的401例甲状腺结节患者的临床资料,根据术后病理结果分为良性组(129例)和恶性组(272例);比较两组患者的临床资料和术前甲状腺相关血清学检测指标。结果恶性组患者的年龄、术前血清甲状腺球蛋白(thyroglobulin,Tg)水平均显著低于良性组,男性占比显著高于良性组(P<0.05)。受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)显示,术前血清Tg值35.41ng/ml是甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别的危险因素截点。亚组分析显示,≤40岁患者中恶性组血清Tg水平显著低于良性组,促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)×甲状腺球蛋白抗体(thyroglobulin antibodies,TGAb)、TGAb/甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroidperoxidase antibodies,TPOAb)值显著高于良性组(P<0.05);>40岁患者中恶性组血清Tg水平显著低于良性组(P<0.05)。男性患者中恶性组血清Tg、TPOAb水平显著低于良性组(P<0.05);女性患者中恶性组血清Tg水平显著低于良性组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,术前血清TSH×TGAb值15.87、TGAb/TPOAb值1.06是青年甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别的危险因素截点,术前血清TPOAb值9.40IU/ml是男性甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别的危险因素截点。结论男性、年龄小、Tg值降低是甲状腺癌发生的独立危险因素,血清Tg值对鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性具有一定的诊断价值。术前血清TPOAb水平降低是男性甲状腺癌发生的危险因素,术前TSH×TGAb、TGAb/TPOAb增高是青年甲状腺癌发生的独立危险因素。