In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The...In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The microstructures,XRD patterns,FTIR spectra,UV-Vis-NIR spectra thermo-conductivity,thermo-stability and photothermal effects of these composite films were all characterized.These results indicated that Ti_(2)O_(3) particles were well dispersed throughout the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)matrix in the PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films.And Ti_(2)O_(3) particles could also effectively improve the photothermal properties of the composite films which exhibited high light absorption and generated a high temperature(about 57.4℃for film with 15 wt%Ti_(2)O_(3) amount)on the surface when it was irradiated by a simulated sunlight source(1 kW/m^(2)).展开更多
This study focused on the development and characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub>-PES composite fibers with varying TiO<sub>2</sub> loading amounts using a phase inversion process. The resulting co...This study focused on the development and characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub>-PES composite fibers with varying TiO<sub>2</sub> loading amounts using a phase inversion process. The resulting composite fibers exhibited a sponge-like structure with embedded TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles within a polymer matrix. Their photocatalytic performance for ammonia removal from aqueous solutions under UV-A light exposure was thoroughly investigated. The findings revealed that PeTi8 composite fibers displayed superior adsorption capacity compared to other samples. Moreover, the study explored the impact of pH, light intensity, and catalyst dosage on the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia. Adsorption equilibrium isotherms closely followed the Langmuir model, with the results indicating a correlation between qm values of 2.49 mg/g and the porous structure of the adsorbents. The research underscored the efficacy of TiO<sub>2</sub> composite fibers in the photocatalytic removal of aqueous under UV-A light. Notably, increasing the distance between the photocatalyst and the light source resulted in de-creased hydroxyl radical concentration, influencing photocatalytic efficiency. These findings contribute to our understanding of TiO<sub>2</sub> composite fibers as promising photocatalysts for ammonia removal in water treatment applications.展开更多
ZrO2/TiO2 composite photocatalytic film was produced on the pure titanium substrate using in-situ Zr（OH）4 colloidal particle by the micro-arc oxidation technique and characterized by scanning electron microscope （...ZrO2/TiO2 composite photocatalytic film was produced on the pure titanium substrate using in-situ Zr（OH）4 colloidal particle by the micro-arc oxidation technique and characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and ultraviolet-visible （UV-Vis） spectrophotometer. The composite film shows a lamellar and porous structure which consists of anatase, futile and ZrO2 phases. The optical absorption edge of film is shifted to longer wavelength when ZrO2 is introduced to TiO2. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of degradation of rhodamine B solution with ZrO2/TiO2 composite film and pure TiO2 film under ultraviolet irradiation are measured as 0.0442 and 0.0186 h 1, respectively.展开更多
Series of TiO 2-ZnO heterojunction composite films with different n（Zn）/n（Ti） ratios were prepared by UDP450 magnetron sputter ion plating equipment, and the mole ratio of Zn to Ti was controlled by adjusting the ...Series of TiO 2-ZnO heterojunction composite films with different n（Zn）/n（Ti） ratios were prepared by UDP450 magnetron sputter ion plating equipment, and the mole ratio of Zn to Ti was controlled by adjusting the current values of sputtering target. The effects of n（Zn）/n（Ti） on the microstructures of TiO2-ZnO films were investigated by SEM, AFM, Raman and XPS, and their photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange solutions was evaluated. The results show that an increase in n（Zn）/n（Ti） typically results in a decrease in the grain size of composite films firstly and then an increase of grain size, while an increase in n（Zn）/n（Ti） leads to an increase in film roughness firstly and then a decrease in film roughness. Both grain size and roughness of TiO2-ZnO films reach the maximum and minimum at n（Zn）/n（Ti） of 1/9.3, respectively. The n（Zn）/n（Ti） shows little effect on the valences of Zn and Ti elements, which mainly exist in the form of TiO2 and ZnO phases. The n（Zn）/n（Ti） has influence on the amount of anatase/rutile TiO2 heterojunction in the film. With increase of the n（Zn）/n（Ti）, the absorption intensity of the composite film increases and the absorption region extends to 450 nm, which is redshifted as much as 150 nm in comparison with the pure TiO2 films. However, the photocatalytic abilities of heterogeneous composite films do not depend on the n（Zn）/n（Ti） but rather on the microstructures of the TiO2-ZnO composite films. Degradation rate of the film reaches the maximum and the photocatalytic decomposition of pollutants works best when n（Zn）/n（Ti）=1：9.3.展开更多
All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid elect...All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid electrolytes with favorable electrode/electrolyte interface compatibility and high ionic conductivity in a simple and scalable manner.Hence,the oxygen-vacancy-rich Gd-doped SnO_(2) nanotubes(GDS NTs)are innovatively prepared and applied to the electrolyte of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries for the first time.The addition of GDS NTs can validly construct long-range co ntinuous ion transport networks in the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based system and greatly improve the mechanical properties of the electrolyte.Compared to the PEO-based electrolyte,the composite electrolyte displays a higher lithium ion conductivity of 2.41×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 30℃,a higher lithium ion transference number up to 0.62 and a wider electrochemical window of 5 V at 50℃.In addition,the composite electrolyte manifests outstanding compatibility with high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)cathode,LiFePO4 cathode and lithium metal anode.The assembled Li/Li symmetric battery exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycling performance,which can cycle steadily for 1500 h at a capacity of 0.3 mA h cm^(-2).And Li/LiFePO4 battery still maintains a high capacity of 131.54 mA h g^(-1) at 0.5C after 800 cycles,which has a superior capacity retention rate of 93.2%.The obtained novel composite electrolyte has promising application prospects in the field of all-solid-state lithium metal cells.展开更多
A NiP/TiO2 composite film on carbon steel was prepared by electroless plating and sol-gel composite process. An artificial neural network was applied to optimize the prepared condition of the composite film. Corrosion...A NiP/TiO2 composite film on carbon steel was prepared by electroless plating and sol-gel composite process. An artificial neural network was applied to optimize the prepared condition of the composite film. Corrosion behavior of the NiP/TiO2 composite film was investigated by polarization resistance measurement, anode polarization, ESEM （environmental scanning electron microscopy） and EIS （electrochemical impedance spectroscopy） measurements. Results showed that the NiP/ TiO2 composite film has a good corrosion resistance in 0.5mol/L H2SO4 solution. The element valence of the composite film was characterized by XPS （X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy） spectrum, and an anticorrosion mechanism of the composite film was discussed.展开更多
A PANI/TiO2 composite film deposited on the glass surface was successfully prepared using sol-gel dip-coating technique and chemical oxidation method. The film was characterized using XRD, AFM, and UV. The result show...A PANI/TiO2 composite film deposited on the glass surface was successfully prepared using sol-gel dip-coating technique and chemical oxidation method. The film was characterized using XRD, AFM, and UV. The result showed that the TiO2 film consists of both cuboid-shaped and anatase-phased TiO2 nanoparticles. The average grain size of TiO2 in the film was approximately 20 nm. After coating with PANI, the particle was changed into irregular spherical-shaped and the size was increased up to approximately 35 nm in diameter. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis indicated that the coating of TiO2 with PANI would result in an enhancement of photocatalytic efficiency and an extension of the photoresponse of TiO2. The band gap of the PANI/TiO2 film was 3.18 eV. The photocatalytic property of the film was evaluated by the degradation of rhodamine-B. It was found that 67.1% and 83.2% of rhodamine-B could be degraded under sunlight and UV irradiation within 120 min using the PANI/TiO2 composite t-tim as photocatalyst.展开更多
Co−TiO2 nanocomposite films were prepared via magnetron sputtering at various substrate temperatures.The films comprise Co particles dispersed in an amorphous TiO2 matrix and exhibit coexisting ferromagnetic and super...Co−TiO2 nanocomposite films were prepared via magnetron sputtering at various substrate temperatures.The films comprise Co particles dispersed in an amorphous TiO2 matrix and exhibit coexisting ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic properties.When the substrate temperature increases from room temperature to 400℃,Co particles gradually grow,and the degree of Co oxidation significantly decreases.Consequently,the saturation magnetization increases from 0.13 to 0.43 T at the same Co content by increasing the substrate temperature from room temperature to 400℃.At a high substrate temperature,conductive pathways form among some of the clustered Co particles.Thus,resistivity rapidly declines from 1600 to 76μΩ·m.The magnetoresistive characteristic of Co−TiO2 films is achieved even at resistivity of as low as 76μΩ·m.These results reveal that the obtained nanocomposite films have low Co oxidation,high magnetization and magnetoresistance at room temperature.展开更多
SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis...SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis and differential thermal analysis(DTA),X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)combined with electrochemical tests.The results show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite derived by sol-gel technique is a nanocomposite with core-shell structure, and the amorphous Li4Ti5O12 layer with 20?40 nm in thickness is coated on the surface of SnO2 particles.Electrochemical tests show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite delivers a reversible capacity of 688.7 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 93.4%of that is retained after 60 cycles at 0.2C.The amorphous Li4Ti5O12 in composite can accommodate the volume change of SnO2 electrode and prevent the small and active Sn particles from aggregating into larger and inactive Sn clusters during the cycling effectively,and enhance the cycling stability of SnO2 electrode significantly.展开更多
In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performanc...In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performance reliability was examined. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite films showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is obvious that? TiO2/Ti composite films have antibacterial activity under UV irradiation.展开更多
Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor（VDMOS） devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships amon...Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor（VDMOS） devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships among the important electrical parameters of the samples with different thickness SiO2-Si3N4 films,such as threshold voltage,breakdown voltage,and on-state resistance in accumulated dose,are discussed.The total dose experiment results show that the breakdown voltage and the on-state resistance barely change with the accumulated dose.However,the relationships between the threshold voltages of the samples and the accumulated dose are more complex,and not only positively drift,but also negatively drift.At the end of the total dose experiment,we select the group of samples which have the smaller threshold voltage shift to carry out the single event effect studies.We find that the samples with appropriate thickness ratio SiO2-Si3N4 films have a good radiation-hardening ability.This method may be useful in solving both the SEGR and the total dose problems with the composite SiO2-Si3N4 films.展开更多
TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to es...TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to estimate activity of catalysts and determine the kinetics. And the effects of parameters including the initial concentration of AY, light intensity and TiO2 content in catalysts were examined. The results indicate that TAs has a higher efficiency in decomposition of AY than P25, pure TiO2 particles as well as the mixture of TiO2 powder and active carbon. The photocatalytic degradation rate is found to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the AY concentration. The new kinetic model fairly resembles the classic Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, and the rate constant is proportional to the square root of the light intensity in a wide range. However, its absorption performance depends on the surface areas of catalysts. The model fits quite well with the experimental data and elucidates phenomena about the effects of the TiO2 content in TAs on the degradation rate.展开更多
Au-Pt/SnO2/GC composite electrode was prepared by self-assembling Au-Pt nanoparticles on SnO2 film, which was deposited on actived glassy carbon （GC）. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and scanning electron microscopy...Au-Pt/SnO2/GC composite electrode was prepared by self-assembling Au-Pt nanoparticles on SnO2 film, which was deposited on actived glassy carbon （GC）. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images revealed that dense and uniform Au-Pt particles with 25-nm diameter were dispersed on SnO2 film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） results proved that there was an interaction between Au-Pt nanoparticles and SnO2 support. Electrochemical experiments showed that Au-Pt/SnOz/GC composite electrode had a good electrocatalytic activity to the oxidation of methanol展开更多
Composite nanoporous electrode SnO2/TiO2 was fabricated for the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with N3 (Cis-Ru). After introducing of TiO2, the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) was higher than that of the pure SnO2 ...Composite nanoporous electrode SnO2/TiO2 was fabricated for the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with N3 (Cis-Ru). After introducing of TiO2, the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) was higher than that of the pure SnO2 electrode, while short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) was varied with the ratio of the TiO2. Appropriate content of the TiO2 can be beneficial to the efficiency of the solar cell, and it gives negative impact on the composite electrode when the content of TiO2 is higher.展开更多
This paper reports that single-layer and graded Au-TiO2 granular composite films with Au atom content 15%- 66% were prepared by using reactive co-sputtering technique. The third-order optical nonlinearity of single-la...This paper reports that single-layer and graded Au-TiO2 granular composite films with Au atom content 15%- 66% were prepared by using reactive co-sputtering technique. The third-order optical nonlinearity of single-layer and graded composite films was investigated by using s- and p-polarized Z-scans in femtosecond time scale. The nonlinear absorption coefficient βeff of single-layer Au-TiO2 films is measured to be -2.3×10^3-0.76×10^3 cm/GW with Au atom content 15%-66%. The βeff value of the 10-layer Au-TiO2 graded film is enhanced to be -2.1×10^4cm/GW calculated from p-polarized Z-scans, which is about ten times the maximum βeff of single-layer films. Broadened response in the wavelength region 730-860 nm of the enhanced optical nonlinearity of graded Au-TiO2 composite films was also investigated.展开更多
Nano sized powders of TiO2 （titanium dioxide） and Nb2O5 （Niobium （V） oxide） were used to fabricate TiO2/Nb2O5 composites thin films by EPD （electrophoretic deposition） technique. The metal oxide powders, toget...Nano sized powders of TiO2 （titanium dioxide） and Nb2O5 （Niobium （V） oxide） were used to fabricate TiO2/Nb2O5 composites thin films by EPD （electrophoretic deposition） technique. The metal oxide powders, together with magnesium nitrate hexahydrate pellets, were suspended in propan-2-ol inside an EPD cell. The electrodes, placed 1.2 cm apart, were partially immersed in the suspension and a DC potential applied across them. Key EPD process parameters, which include applied DC electric field, deposition time and solid concentration in suspension, were optimized through visual inspection and from UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer spectra. The highest （55%） transmittance was obtained for films with deposition time of 90 s, powder concentration of 0.01 g/40 mL, and 35 V DC （direct current） voltage. XRD micrographs confirmed that TiO2 and Nb2O5 particles were presented in the composite film. SEM （scanning electron microscope） micrographs of the composite electrode thin films showed that porous films of high quality with well controlled morphology were deposited by using the EPD technique.展开更多
The oxidation behaviors of Fe26Cr1Mo with and without the Ni La 2O 3 electrodeposited composite film have been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an en...The oxidation behaviors of Fe26Cr1Mo with and without the Ni La 2O 3 electrodeposited composite film have been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive analytical X ray system(SEM/EDAX). The experimental results show that the oxide scale growing on Fe26Cr1Mo exposed at 900 ℃ spalled severely during cooling, while after the stainless steel was coated with the Ni La 2O 3 electrodeposited composite film, its high temperature cyclic oxidation resistance was significantly improved. The reason is that a La 2O 3 modified NiO scale, which has a superior adhesion to the substrate, was formed on the Fe26Cr1Mo stainless steel coated with Ni La 2O 3 composite film.展开更多
The TiO2-Co-TiO2 sandwich films were successfully grown on glass and silicon substrata making alternate use of radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron sputtering. The structures and ...The TiO2-Co-TiO2 sandwich films were successfully grown on glass and silicon substrata making alternate use of radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron sputtering. The structures and properties of these films were identified with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Raman spectra and X-ray photoemission spectra （XPS）. It is shown that the sandwich film consists of two anatase TiO2 films with an embedded Co nano-film. The fact that, when the Co nano-film thickens, varied red shifts appear in optical absorption spectra may well be explained by the quantum confinement and tunnel effects. As for magnetic properties, the saturation magnetization, remnant magnetic induction and coercivity vary with the thickness of the Co nano-films. Moreover, the Co nano-film has a critical thickness of about 8.6 mn, which makes the coercivity of the composite film reach the maximum of about 1413 Oe.展开更多
基金Funded by the Youth Backbone Teacher Training Plan in University of Henan Province(No.21220028)Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.242102321066)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300420312)Henan University of Technology Young Backbone Teacher Training Plan(No.21421260)the Innovation Training Program for College Students in Henan Province(No.202310463046)。
文摘In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The microstructures,XRD patterns,FTIR spectra,UV-Vis-NIR spectra thermo-conductivity,thermo-stability and photothermal effects of these composite films were all characterized.These results indicated that Ti_(2)O_(3) particles were well dispersed throughout the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)matrix in the PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films.And Ti_(2)O_(3) particles could also effectively improve the photothermal properties of the composite films which exhibited high light absorption and generated a high temperature(about 57.4℃for film with 15 wt%Ti_(2)O_(3) amount)on the surface when it was irradiated by a simulated sunlight source(1 kW/m^(2)).
文摘This study focused on the development and characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub>-PES composite fibers with varying TiO<sub>2</sub> loading amounts using a phase inversion process. The resulting composite fibers exhibited a sponge-like structure with embedded TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles within a polymer matrix. Their photocatalytic performance for ammonia removal from aqueous solutions under UV-A light exposure was thoroughly investigated. The findings revealed that PeTi8 composite fibers displayed superior adsorption capacity compared to other samples. Moreover, the study explored the impact of pH, light intensity, and catalyst dosage on the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia. Adsorption equilibrium isotherms closely followed the Langmuir model, with the results indicating a correlation between qm values of 2.49 mg/g and the porous structure of the adsorbents. The research underscored the efficacy of TiO<sub>2</sub> composite fibers in the photocatalytic removal of aqueous under UV-A light. Notably, increasing the distance between the photocatalyst and the light source resulted in de-creased hydroxyl radical concentration, influencing photocatalytic efficiency. These findings contribute to our understanding of TiO<sub>2</sub> composite fibers as promising photocatalysts for ammonia removal in water treatment applications.
基金Project(gf200901002)supported by the Open Research Fund of National Defense Key Disciplines Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology of Nanchang Hangkong University,China
文摘ZrO2/TiO2 composite photocatalytic film was produced on the pure titanium substrate using in-situ Zr（OH）4 colloidal particle by the micro-arc oxidation technique and characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and ultraviolet-visible （UV-Vis） spectrophotometer. The composite film shows a lamellar and porous structure which consists of anatase, futile and ZrO2 phases. The optical absorption edge of film is shifted to longer wavelength when ZrO2 is introduced to TiO2. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of degradation of rhodamine B solution with ZrO2/TiO2 composite film and pure TiO2 film under ultraviolet irradiation are measured as 0.0442 and 0.0186 h 1, respectively.
基金Project (2010JQ6008) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China
文摘Series of TiO 2-ZnO heterojunction composite films with different n（Zn）/n（Ti） ratios were prepared by UDP450 magnetron sputter ion plating equipment, and the mole ratio of Zn to Ti was controlled by adjusting the current values of sputtering target. The effects of n（Zn）/n（Ti） on the microstructures of TiO2-ZnO films were investigated by SEM, AFM, Raman and XPS, and their photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange solutions was evaluated. The results show that an increase in n（Zn）/n（Ti） typically results in a decrease in the grain size of composite films firstly and then an increase of grain size, while an increase in n（Zn）/n（Ti） leads to an increase in film roughness firstly and then a decrease in film roughness. Both grain size and roughness of TiO2-ZnO films reach the maximum and minimum at n（Zn）/n（Ti） of 1/9.3, respectively. The n（Zn）/n（Ti） shows little effect on the valences of Zn and Ti elements, which mainly exist in the form of TiO2 and ZnO phases. The n（Zn）/n（Ti） has influence on the amount of anatase/rutile TiO2 heterojunction in the film. With increase of the n（Zn）/n（Ti）, the absorption intensity of the composite film increases and the absorption region extends to 450 nm, which is redshifted as much as 150 nm in comparison with the pure TiO2 films. However, the photocatalytic abilities of heterogeneous composite films do not depend on the n（Zn）/n（Ti） but rather on the microstructures of the TiO2-ZnO composite films. Degradation rate of the film reaches the maximum and the photocatalytic decomposition of pollutants works best when n（Zn）/n（Ti）=1：9.3.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203066,51973157,61904123,51873152)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCQNJC02900)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin(19PTSYJC00010)the Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students(2021YJSB234)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(2018KJ196)State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University。
文摘All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid electrolytes with favorable electrode/electrolyte interface compatibility and high ionic conductivity in a simple and scalable manner.Hence,the oxygen-vacancy-rich Gd-doped SnO_(2) nanotubes(GDS NTs)are innovatively prepared and applied to the electrolyte of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries for the first time.The addition of GDS NTs can validly construct long-range co ntinuous ion transport networks in the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based system and greatly improve the mechanical properties of the electrolyte.Compared to the PEO-based electrolyte,the composite electrolyte displays a higher lithium ion conductivity of 2.41×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 30℃,a higher lithium ion transference number up to 0.62 and a wider electrochemical window of 5 V at 50℃.In addition,the composite electrolyte manifests outstanding compatibility with high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)cathode,LiFePO4 cathode and lithium metal anode.The assembled Li/Li symmetric battery exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycling performance,which can cycle steadily for 1500 h at a capacity of 0.3 mA h cm^(-2).And Li/LiFePO4 battery still maintains a high capacity of 131.54 mA h g^(-1) at 0.5C after 800 cycles,which has a superior capacity retention rate of 93.2%.The obtained novel composite electrolyte has promising application prospects in the field of all-solid-state lithium metal cells.
文摘A NiP/TiO2 composite film on carbon steel was prepared by electroless plating and sol-gel composite process. An artificial neural network was applied to optimize the prepared condition of the composite film. Corrosion behavior of the NiP/TiO2 composite film was investigated by polarization resistance measurement, anode polarization, ESEM （environmental scanning electron microscopy） and EIS （electrochemical impedance spectroscopy） measurements. Results showed that the NiP/ TiO2 composite film has a good corrosion resistance in 0.5mol/L H2SO4 solution. The element valence of the composite film was characterized by XPS （X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy） spectrum, and an anticorrosion mechanism of the composite film was discussed.
基金This work was financially supported by the Combined Project between the Educational Commission and the Economic Commission of Gansu Province (Nos. 99CX-04, 0310B-08)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 3ZS041-A25-028)the Invention Project of Science & Technology (No. KJCXGC-01, NWNU), China.
文摘A PANI/TiO2 composite film deposited on the glass surface was successfully prepared using sol-gel dip-coating technique and chemical oxidation method. The film was characterized using XRD, AFM, and UV. The result showed that the TiO2 film consists of both cuboid-shaped and anatase-phased TiO2 nanoparticles. The average grain size of TiO2 in the film was approximately 20 nm. After coating with PANI, the particle was changed into irregular spherical-shaped and the size was increased up to approximately 35 nm in diameter. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis indicated that the coating of TiO2 with PANI would result in an enhancement of photocatalytic efficiency and an extension of the photoresponse of TiO2. The band gap of the PANI/TiO2 film was 3.18 eV. The photocatalytic property of the film was evaluated by the degradation of rhodamine-B. It was found that 67.1% and 83.2% of rhodamine-B could be degraded under sunlight and UV irradiation within 120 min using the PANI/TiO2 composite t-tim as photocatalyst.
基金Project(2016YFE0205700)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(18JCYBJC18000)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City,China。
文摘Co−TiO2 nanocomposite films were prepared via magnetron sputtering at various substrate temperatures.The films comprise Co particles dispersed in an amorphous TiO2 matrix and exhibit coexisting ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic properties.When the substrate temperature increases from room temperature to 400℃,Co particles gradually grow,and the degree of Co oxidation significantly decreases.Consequently,the saturation magnetization increases from 0.13 to 0.43 T at the same Co content by increasing the substrate temperature from room temperature to 400℃.At a high substrate temperature,conductive pathways form among some of the clustered Co particles.Thus,resistivity rapidly declines from 1600 to 76μΩ·m.The magnetoresistive characteristic of Co−TiO2 films is achieved even at resistivity of as low as 76μΩ·m.These results reveal that the obtained nanocomposite films have low Co oxidation,high magnetization and magnetoresistance at room temperature.
基金Project(20873054)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2005037700)supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(07JJ3014)supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(07A058)supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education DepartmentProject(2004107)supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University
文摘SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis and differential thermal analysis(DTA),X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)combined with electrochemical tests.The results show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite derived by sol-gel technique is a nanocomposite with core-shell structure, and the amorphous Li4Ti5O12 layer with 20?40 nm in thickness is coated on the surface of SnO2 particles.Electrochemical tests show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite delivers a reversible capacity of 688.7 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 93.4%of that is retained after 60 cycles at 0.2C.The amorphous Li4Ti5O12 in composite can accommodate the volume change of SnO2 electrode and prevent the small and active Sn particles from aggregating into larger and inactive Sn clusters during the cycling effectively,and enhance the cycling stability of SnO2 electrode significantly.
文摘In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performance reliability was examined. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite films showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is obvious that? TiO2/Ti composite films have antibacterial activity under UV irradiation.
文摘Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor（VDMOS） devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships among the important electrical parameters of the samples with different thickness SiO2-Si3N4 films,such as threshold voltage,breakdown voltage,and on-state resistance in accumulated dose,are discussed.The total dose experiment results show that the breakdown voltage and the on-state resistance barely change with the accumulated dose.However,the relationships between the threshold voltages of the samples and the accumulated dose are more complex,and not only positively drift,but also negatively drift.At the end of the total dose experiment,we select the group of samples which have the smaller threshold voltage shift to carry out the single event effect studies.We find that the samples with appropriate thickness ratio SiO2-Si3N4 films have a good radiation-hardening ability.This method may be useful in solving both the SEGR and the total dose problems with the composite SiO2-Si3N4 films.
基金Project(50802034) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(11A093) supported by the Key Project Foundation by the Education Department of Hunan Province,China
文摘TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to estimate activity of catalysts and determine the kinetics. And the effects of parameters including the initial concentration of AY, light intensity and TiO2 content in catalysts were examined. The results indicate that TAs has a higher efficiency in decomposition of AY than P25, pure TiO2 particles as well as the mixture of TiO2 powder and active carbon. The photocatalytic degradation rate is found to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the AY concentration. The new kinetic model fairly resembles the classic Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, and the rate constant is proportional to the square root of the light intensity in a wide range. However, its absorption performance depends on the surface areas of catalysts. The model fits quite well with the experimental data and elucidates phenomena about the effects of the TiO2 content in TAs on the degradation rate.
基金supported by the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2007AA03Z219)the Funding Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality, and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 207001)
文摘Au-Pt/SnO2/GC composite electrode was prepared by self-assembling Au-Pt nanoparticles on SnO2 film, which was deposited on actived glassy carbon （GC）. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images revealed that dense and uniform Au-Pt particles with 25-nm diameter were dispersed on SnO2 film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） results proved that there was an interaction between Au-Pt nanoparticles and SnO2 support. Electrochemical experiments showed that Au-Pt/SnOz/GC composite electrode had a good electrocatalytic activity to the oxidation of methanol
文摘Composite nanoporous electrode SnO2/TiO2 was fabricated for the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with N3 (Cis-Ru). After introducing of TiO2, the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) was higher than that of the pure SnO2 electrode, while short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) was varied with the ratio of the TiO2. Appropriate content of the TiO2 can be beneficial to the efficiency of the solar cell, and it gives negative impact on the composite electrode when the content of TiO2 is higher.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10474075)
文摘This paper reports that single-layer and graded Au-TiO2 granular composite films with Au atom content 15%- 66% were prepared by using reactive co-sputtering technique. The third-order optical nonlinearity of single-layer and graded composite films was investigated by using s- and p-polarized Z-scans in femtosecond time scale. The nonlinear absorption coefficient βeff of single-layer Au-TiO2 films is measured to be -2.3×10^3-0.76×10^3 cm/GW with Au atom content 15%-66%. The βeff value of the 10-layer Au-TiO2 graded film is enhanced to be -2.1×10^4cm/GW calculated from p-polarized Z-scans, which is about ten times the maximum βeff of single-layer films. Broadened response in the wavelength region 730-860 nm of the enhanced optical nonlinearity of graded Au-TiO2 composite films was also investigated.
文摘Nano sized powders of TiO2 （titanium dioxide） and Nb2O5 （Niobium （V） oxide） were used to fabricate TiO2/Nb2O5 composites thin films by EPD （electrophoretic deposition） technique. The metal oxide powders, together with magnesium nitrate hexahydrate pellets, were suspended in propan-2-ol inside an EPD cell. The electrodes, placed 1.2 cm apart, were partially immersed in the suspension and a DC potential applied across them. Key EPD process parameters, which include applied DC electric field, deposition time and solid concentration in suspension, were optimized through visual inspection and from UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer spectra. The highest （55%） transmittance was obtained for films with deposition time of 90 s, powder concentration of 0.01 g/40 mL, and 35 V DC （direct current） voltage. XRD micrographs confirmed that TiO2 and Nb2O5 particles were presented in the composite film. SEM （scanning electron microscope） micrographs of the composite electrode thin films showed that porous films of high quality with well controlled morphology were deposited by using the EPD technique.
文摘The oxidation behaviors of Fe26Cr1Mo with and without the Ni La 2O 3 electrodeposited composite film have been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive analytical X ray system(SEM/EDAX). The experimental results show that the oxide scale growing on Fe26Cr1Mo exposed at 900 ℃ spalled severely during cooling, while after the stainless steel was coated with the Ni La 2O 3 electrodeposited composite film, its high temperature cyclic oxidation resistance was significantly improved. The reason is that a La 2O 3 modified NiO scale, which has a superior adhesion to the substrate, was formed on the Fe26Cr1Mo stainless steel coated with Ni La 2O 3 composite film.
基金Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (03G51069)Items of Engineering Research Institute, Peking University (ERIPKU-204031)
文摘The TiO2-Co-TiO2 sandwich films were successfully grown on glass and silicon substrata making alternate use of radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron sputtering. The structures and properties of these films were identified with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Raman spectra and X-ray photoemission spectra （XPS）. It is shown that the sandwich film consists of two anatase TiO2 films with an embedded Co nano-film. The fact that, when the Co nano-film thickens, varied red shifts appear in optical absorption spectra may well be explained by the quantum confinement and tunnel effects. As for magnetic properties, the saturation magnetization, remnant magnetic induction and coercivity vary with the thickness of the Co nano-films. Moreover, the Co nano-film has a critical thickness of about 8.6 mn, which makes the coercivity of the composite film reach the maximum of about 1413 Oe.
