Introduction: The frequency, severity, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality of stroke make it a real public health problem. In industrialized countries, strokes are the leading cause of physical disability in ad...Introduction: The frequency, severity, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality of stroke make it a real public health problem. In industrialized countries, strokes are the leading cause of physical disability in adults, the second leading cause of dementia (after Alzheimer’s disease), and the third leading cause of death (after cancer and cardiovascular disease). It’s also a major cause of depression. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of stroke in the internal medicine department of Tivaouane Hospital. Material and Method: This is a retrospective study carried out from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 on the files of patients hospitalized for stroke in the medical department of the EPS1 in Tivaouane. We took into account all the patients who had a brain CT (computed tomography) scan. We collected data related to socio-demographic characteristics, history, risk factors, reasons for admission, clinical signs, paraclinical examinations, as well as evolution. Results: Out of 1999 patients, 206 files of patients with stroke were collected, i.e. a proportion of 10.3%. Our study population had a mean age of 65.53 years [16 - 97 years]. We noted a clear predominance of women (50.5%). The majority of the population came from the outskirts of Tivaouane (56.7%). Risk factors for stroke were dominated by hypertension (90.3%), dyslipidemia (19.4%), previous stroke (18.9%), and diabetes (16%). The clinical signs were dominated by a motor deficit (94.1%), speech disorders (67.4%) and consciousness disorders (47%). Ischemic strokes were predominant (65%) over hemorrhagic strokes (34.5%). The outcome was generally unfavorable with 14.6% total recovery, 58.7% recovery with sequelae and a case fatality of 26.7%. Conclusion: It emerges from this study that strokes still remain a real public health problem. Knowledge of populations of risk factors as well as their proper management is fundamental in primary prevention strategies, the only guarantee for a reduction in the still very high morbidity and mortality of this disease.展开更多
Introduction: HIV resistance to antiretroviral is currently a global concern, and requires increased surveillance in a context of widespread ARV treatment. Objective: To evaluate early warning indicators of HIV resist...Introduction: HIV resistance to antiretroviral is currently a global concern, and requires increased surveillance in a context of widespread ARV treatment. Objective: To evaluate early warning indicators of HIV resistance to ARVs in the Hospital of Tivaouane (Senegal) where viral load was not routinely available. Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study from 2008-2016. The etraction tool (May 2010 version) was used to analyze the EWI. Results: We collected 360 HIV positive patients followed on average for 3.57 years ± 3.02. 2009, 2010 and 2012 recorded 100% ARV prescribing rates. Throughout the study period, the percentage of patients lost to follow-up during the first 12 months of treatment was less than 20%. Virtually, all patients were still under primary ARVT over 12-month treatment. All patients (100%) withdrew their ARV drugs on time. No stock storage regarding various classes of ARVs was noted during the study period. Conclusion: At the end of this study we recommend to maintain regular follow-up of EWI, and combine it with the achievement of viral load.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The frequency, severity, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality of stroke make it a real public health problem. In industrialized countries, strokes are the leading cause of physical disability in adults, the second leading cause of dementia (after Alzheimer’s disease), and the third leading cause of death (after cancer and cardiovascular disease). It’s also a major cause of depression. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of stroke in the internal medicine department of Tivaouane Hospital. Material and Method: This is a retrospective study carried out from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 on the files of patients hospitalized for stroke in the medical department of the EPS1 in Tivaouane. We took into account all the patients who had a brain CT (computed tomography) scan. We collected data related to socio-demographic characteristics, history, risk factors, reasons for admission, clinical signs, paraclinical examinations, as well as evolution. Results: Out of 1999 patients, 206 files of patients with stroke were collected, i.e. a proportion of 10.3%. Our study population had a mean age of 65.53 years [16 - 97 years]. We noted a clear predominance of women (50.5%). The majority of the population came from the outskirts of Tivaouane (56.7%). Risk factors for stroke were dominated by hypertension (90.3%), dyslipidemia (19.4%), previous stroke (18.9%), and diabetes (16%). The clinical signs were dominated by a motor deficit (94.1%), speech disorders (67.4%) and consciousness disorders (47%). Ischemic strokes were predominant (65%) over hemorrhagic strokes (34.5%). The outcome was generally unfavorable with 14.6% total recovery, 58.7% recovery with sequelae and a case fatality of 26.7%. Conclusion: It emerges from this study that strokes still remain a real public health problem. Knowledge of populations of risk factors as well as their proper management is fundamental in primary prevention strategies, the only guarantee for a reduction in the still very high morbidity and mortality of this disease.
文摘Introduction: HIV resistance to antiretroviral is currently a global concern, and requires increased surveillance in a context of widespread ARV treatment. Objective: To evaluate early warning indicators of HIV resistance to ARVs in the Hospital of Tivaouane (Senegal) where viral load was not routinely available. Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study from 2008-2016. The etraction tool (May 2010 version) was used to analyze the EWI. Results: We collected 360 HIV positive patients followed on average for 3.57 years ± 3.02. 2009, 2010 and 2012 recorded 100% ARV prescribing rates. Throughout the study period, the percentage of patients lost to follow-up during the first 12 months of treatment was less than 20%. Virtually, all patients were still under primary ARVT over 12-month treatment. All patients (100%) withdrew their ARV drugs on time. No stock storage regarding various classes of ARVs was noted during the study period. Conclusion: At the end of this study we recommend to maintain regular follow-up of EWI, and combine it with the achievement of viral load.
