Innovation and Practice of Training Mode for Professional Postgraduates of Acupuncture and Tuina Based on Artificial Intelligence

In view of the common problems of integrating artificial intelligence into the training of postgraduates in Acupuncture and Tuina major,this paper reviews the related research progress both at home and abroad.It puts forward the innovative reform paths for integrating artificial intelligence into postgraduate training mode of Acupuncture and Tuina major:construct the teaching staff of artificial intelligence graduate students;innovating artificial intelligence to promote the integration of classics and scientific research;constructing the ideological and political case base of artificial intelligence courses;implementing artificial intelligence platform blended teaching;building a domestic and foreign exchange platform for artificial intelligence.Through practical research in teaching,it has achieved good teaching results and played a good demonstration,leading and radiation role in similar majors in China.

Effects of Acupuncture and Tuina Combined with Rehabilitation Therapy on Oxidative Stress Response and Motor Function in Stroke Hemiplegia Patients

Objective:To explore the effects of acupuncture and tuina combined with rehabilitation therapy on oxidative stress response and motor function in stroke hemiplegia patients.Methods:Sixty stroke hemiplegia patients were randomly divided into observation and control groups,with 30 cases each.The control group received conventional rehabilitation therapy,while the observation group also underwent acupuncture and tuina.After 8 weeks of treatment,oxidative stress indicators[malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)],neurological deficit scores(NIHSS),Fugl-Meyer motor function scores(FMA),and activities of daily living(Barthel Index)were compared between the two groups.Results:Before treatment,there were no significant differences in MDA,NIHSS scores,FMA scores,and Barthel Index between the two groups(P>0.05).After 8 weeks,the observation group had lower MDA and NIHSS scores,but higher SOD,GSH-Px,FMA scores,and Barthel Index compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture and tuina combined with rehabilitation therapy can effectively improve oxidative stress levels,promote neurological recovery,enhance motor function,and improve daily living activities in stroke hemiplegia patients.This combined therapy is recommended for clinical application.

Research on the Employment View of Acupuncture and Tuina Undergraduates in Minority Border Areas from Students’ Perspective

With the popularization of higher education in China,the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe.This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The employment concept of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates in the minority border areas has changed greatly.After graduation,97.95%of students choose to work in fields related to medicine and acupuncture,prefer positions close to home,and are attracted to high-salary companies,among other factors.Therefore,enhancing the competitive advantages of medical students by guiding their career planning,providing employment selection advice,fostering innovation and entrepreneurship,improving basic skills,and offering graduate entrance examination guidance is crucial for broadening their employment opportunities.

Traditional Chinese medicine ointment combined with tuina therapy in treatment of pain and swelling after total knee arthroplasty

BACKGROUND The most effective treatment for knee joint pain is total knee arthroplasty(TKA),but the risk of pain and swelling in patients after surgery is high.Ice application,ankle pump exercise and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers are the primary clinical treatments after surgery.However,long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers can easily cause gastrointestinal damage.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)ointments and tuina therapy integrate TCM and manipulation,which effectively promotes the penetration of TCM into the skin lesions,improves local blood circulation and inflammatory reaction and has good long-term effects on patients.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of TCM ointment combined with tuina therapy in the treatment of pain and swelling after TKA.METHODS The randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 80 patients who underwent TKA via the same procedure.The patients were randomly divided among the treatment group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).The control group was given an analgesia pump in addition to oral painkillers as the postoperative intervention.The treatment group received TCM ointment with tuina therapy in addition to the analgesia pump and oral painkillers in the postoperative period.The following variables were recorded 3 d before surgery and 3 d,7 d and 14 d after surgery:Visual analogue scale(VAS)score;skin temperature;circumferences at 15 cm above and below the patella;maximum active knee flexion angle;and the knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score(KOOS).RESULTS After treatment,VAS was significantly lower in the treatment group than the control group at 7 d(t=7.536,P<0.001)and 14 d(t=8.563,P<0.001).The skin temperature of participants in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 7 d(t=2.968,P=0.004)and 14 d(t=4.423,P<0.001).The circumference values of the two positions in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group at 7 d[t=2.315,P=0.023(above);t=2.121,P=0.037(below)]and 14 d[t=2.374,P=0.020(above);t=2.095,P=0.039(below)].After 14 d of treatment,the maximum active knee flexion angle and KOOS of the two groups were significantly improved but were significantly higher in the treatment group(P<0.05 for both).CONCLUSION TCM ointment and tuina therapy have significant advantages over standard care in the treatment of pain and swelling after TKA.This additional treatment may improve knee function but additional studies are needed to confirm our observations.

Effect of Chinese tuina massage therapy on resting state brain functional network of patients with chronic neck pain

Objective:Cervical disease,a type of chronic pain,can greatly impact quality of life.Traditional Chinese tuina,a form of therapeutic massage and manipulation,has been shown to be effective in relieving pain and other symptoms in patients with chronic neck pain.This study applied functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the features of the resting state network of patients with chronic neck pain caused by cervical radiculopathy,and how tuina affects the causality between intrinsic brain networks.Methods:Using Granger causality analysis,effective connectivity of brain networks of 10 patients with chronic neck pain was compared with 10 healthy control subjects.Resting state fMRI data were using magnetic resonance scanning.Cervical spondylosis symptom scores were evaluated before and after 4 weeks of tuina therapy.Independent component analysis was applied to extract the specific networks related to sensation,execution,and cognition,including sensorimotor network (SMN),visual network (VN),auditory network (AN),anterior and posterior default mode network (aDMN,pDMN),left frontoparietal network and right frontoparietal network.Results:Compared with the control group,data from the treatment group revealed two major findings:before tuina therapy,SMN had a profound influence on aDMN and AN greatly affected pDMN;however,after 4 weeks of tuina therapy,aDMN and SMN showed reversed causality.Conclusion:Chronic neck pain caused by cervical radiculopathy may influence the DMN,which plays an important role in emotion,cognition,and memory,by stimulating the sensory afferent network.Tuina not only significantly relieves pain and discomfort,but also reverses the causality between aDMN and SMN.

Tuina Therapy of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Protrusion

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A Preliminary Analysis on Tuina (Massage) Mechanism

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Effect of pediatric tuina on hypothalamic metabolites in young rabbits using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Objective: To investigate the changes in the hypothalamic metabolites of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) febrile young rabbits after the treatment with pediatric tuina.Methods: A total of 30 young rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups: the normal group, the model group, and the tuina group. Both the model group and the tuina group were injected intravenously with LPS. “Six antipyretic manipulations”(pushing Tianmen, pushing Kangong, kneading Taiyang,kneading Erhougaogu, clearing Tianheshui, and pushing Jizhu) were administered 1 h after the LPS injection in the tuina group. The rectal temperatures of the young rabbits were monitored during the experiment to explore the antipyretic effect. Three hours after the injection, the content of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-a, and prostaglandin E;(PGE;) in the serum was detected. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) was used for the hypothalamus metabolomics.Results: Compared with the model group, the rectal temperature of the tuina group was decreased at 2 h and 3 h after the LPS injection(P =.04, P =.03, respectively), and the content of IL-1β, TNF-a, and PGE2was decreased(P =.03, P =.003, and P =.008, respectively). The metabolomics results showed that there were 23 potential biomarkers after the tuina intervention, enriching 27 pathways. Lipid metabolites,especially glycerophospholipids, were a majority of the altered metabolites. The primary metabolic pathways affected by tuina included the arachidonic acid metabolism, the GABAergic synapse, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and the glutamatergic synapse.Conclusion: Pediatric tuina reduced the temperature of the febrile rabbits and downregulated the expression of IL-1β, TNF-a, and PGE2, and the antipyretic mechanism may be related to changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways in the hypothalamus.

Effect of Tuina-SET Sling Exercise Therapy on Analgesic Substances in Serum of Patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain

[Objectives]This paper aimed to investigate the effect of Tuina combined with sling exercise therapy(SET)and psoas&abdominal training on serum 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)andβ-endorphin(β-EP)levels in patients with nonspecific low back pain(NLBP).[Methods]Total 46 patients with NLBP who visited the Tuina Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from August 2019 to May 2020 were randomly and evenly divided into control group and treatment group.On the basis of Tuina therapy,the patients in the control group and treatment group were treated with psoas&abdominal training and SET,respectively.After the treatment,the serum 5-HT andβ-EP levels of the patients were detected.[Results]The serum 5-HT andβ-EP levels in the treatment group were significantly improved compared with the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The nerve&muscle reconstruction techniques of Tuina combined with SET or psoas&abdominal training can improve serum 5-HT andβ-EP levels in patients with NLBP.

Thoughts on the Reform of Ideological and Political Teaching of “Tuina Manipulation”

Based on the current problems in the teaching of“Tuina Manipulation”course in our school,and the requirements of ideological and political teaching reform in the background of the new era,on the basis of consulting related literature and experience of actual teaching conditions,exploring the integration of ideological and political education elements into massage An effective way of teaching courses,put forward the ideas of Tuina ideological and political teaching reform.Ultimately,it will achieve the goal of“integrated”teaching of basic tuina courses,professional skills practice,moral quality improvement,comprehensive quality training,and training a group of high-quality and high-level Chinese medicine talents that meet the needs of social development.

腹部推拿对内脏高敏感腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道肥大细胞、TRPV1的影响

目的观察腹部推拿对内脏高敏感腹泻型肠易激综合征(diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome,IBS-D)模型大鼠肠道肥大细胞(mastcell,MC)及TRPV1表达水平的影响,探讨腹部推拿调控内脏高敏感IBS-D作用机制。方法40只SD雄性大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、腹部推拿组、MC阻断剂组,每组10只。采用母婴分离法+慢性应激法制备IBS-D大鼠模型。应用粪便性状(Bristol)评分、旷场试验评价干预效果,透射电镜观察结肠组织MC变化,定量PCR检测TRPV1 mRNA表达,免疫荧光法检测瞬时感受器电位香草酸亚型1(transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1,TRPV1)阳性细胞数。结果(1)Bristol评分:与空白组比较,模型组Bristol评分增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,腹部推拿组、MC阻断剂组评分降低(P<0.01)。(2)旷场试验:与空白组比较,模型组穿行方格次数、中央停留次数、中央停留时间和站立次数均显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,腹部推拿组、MC阻断剂组各评分升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与MC阻断剂组比较,腹部推拿组在站立次数方面低于MC阻断剂组(P<0.01)。(3)透射电镜:与空白组比较,模型组肠道MC微绒毛形态不规则,呈脱颗粒状态;腹部推拿组较模型组MC形态规整,脱颗粒程度不明显。MC阻断剂组形态规则与空白组近似。(4)TRPV1 mRNA表达:与空白组比较,模型组表达量明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,腹部推拿组和MC阻断剂组表达量明显降低(P<0.01);与MC阻断剂组比较,腹部推拿组TRPV1 mRNA的表达略高(P<0.05)。(5)免疫荧光检测:与空白组比较,模型组TRPV1阳性细胞数显著增多,且荧光强度明显增高;与模型组比较,腹部推拿组和MC阻断剂组模型组TRPV1阳性细胞数显著减少,且荧光强度明显降低。结论腹部推拿可能借助调控肠道MC脱颗粒,降低TRPV1表达,从而对内脏高敏感IBS-D大鼠起到干预作用。

基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的临床观察

目的浅析椎动脉型颈椎病(cervical spondylotic vertebral arteriopathy,CSA)患者实施基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法对其中医症状积分、颈性眩晕症状与功能评估量表(cervical vertigo symptom and function assessment scale,ESCV)评分、颈椎曲度及脑血流参数的影响。方法选择该院2019年12月—2021年12月就诊的CSA患者86例实施研究,随机数字表法分作观察组与对照组,各43例;其中对照组脱落2例,剔除1例,共完成40例;观察组脱落1例,剔除1例,共完成41例;对照组予以常规牵引疗法,观察组予以基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法;比较两组治疗前与治疗后中医症状积分、ESCV评分、颈椎曲度及脑血流参数的变化,并对比两组疗效。结果治疗后,观察组中医症状积分皆显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组ESCV评分和颈椎曲度皆明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组椎底动脉及左、右椎动脉的Vs与Vd水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[95.12%(39/41)vs 80.00%(32/40),P<0.05]。结论基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法对CSA患者疗效显著,有效改善中医症状积分、ESCV评分以及颈椎曲度,增强脑血流参数。

The Idea and Application of Tuina in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19

While traditional Chinese medicine has displayed a positive and effective role in saving lives of COVID-19 patients,Tuina,which is an important component in Chinese medicine,has also shown its merits in enhancing the immune function and relieving symptoms in COVID-19 patients.This article elaborates the long history of Tuina in treating and preventing epidemic diseases and its effect in improving the immune function.It also introduces some special Tuina methods,lor instance,sputum drainage by the back-patting method to enable the discharge of sputum;slant-scrubbing method applied on the hypochondriac regions to bring the effect of soothing the liver to regulate qi,which may also relieve anxiety of patients with COVID-19;and spine-pinching method to enhance human resistance to diseases,which is more suitable for the elderly and for children with mild or common types of COVID-19 and can also be used for health care and disease prevention among the general population.Tuina methods for children using the common childreifs specific Tuina points and manipulations to improve children’s body constitution are also mentioned in the article.Self-acupoint Tuina for health care,including acupoints for prevention purposes,acupoints for early clinical stage(mild stage)and recovery stage,as well as acupoints for children health care and specific operations,is also illustrated in the article.Moreover,basic exercises for health care,such as eight-section brocade,Shaolin internal exercises,six-character formula,and change of tendons,are also presented.In the final analysis,this article is aimed at some ideas and feasible applications of Tuina therapy in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19,in the hope to provide some worthy experience and introduce methods in preventing and fighting against COVID-19 to people all over the world.

The Idea and Application of Tuina in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID‑19

While traditional Chinese medicine has displayed a positive and effective role in saving lives of COVID‑19 patients,Tuina,which is an important component in Chinese medicine,has also shown its merits in enhancing the immune function and relieving symptoms in COVID‑19 patients.This article elaborates the long history of Tuina in treating and preventing epidemic diseases and its effect in improving the immune function.It also introduces some special Tuina methods,for instance,sputum drainage by the back‑patting method to enable the discharge of sputum;slant‑scrubbing method applied on the hypochondriac regions to bring the effect of soothing the liver to regulate qi,which may also relieve anxiety of patients with COVID‑19;and spine‑pinching method to enhance human resistance to diseases,which is more suitable for the elderly and for children with mild or common types of COVID‑19 and can also be used for health care and disease prevention among the general population.Tuina methods for children using the common children’s specific Tuina points and manipulations to improve children’s body constitution are also mentioned in the article.Self‑acupoint Tuina for health care,including acupoints for prevention purposes,acupoints for early clinical stage(mild stage)and recovery stage,as well as acupoints for children health care and specific operations,is also illustrated in the article.Moreover,basic exercises for health care,such as eight‑section brocade,Shaolin internal exercises,six‑character formula,and change of tendons,are also presented.In the final analysis,this article is aimed at some ideas and feasible applications of Tuina therapy in the prevention and treatment of COVID‑19,in the hope to provide some worthy experience and introduce methods in preventing and fighting against COVID‑19 to people all over the world.

人工智能在中医穴位定位技术中的应用探析

穴位的智能识别与定位是针灸推拿类中医智能医疗装备的核心技术。国内外研究表明,借助活动形状模型、模板匹配和深度学习等技术,将中医针灸推拿经络穴位学说和人工智能技术相结合,可以有效提高中医特色针灸推拿装备的智能化水平。通过对现有的穴位自动化智能定位方法以及穴位定位在针灸机器人、推拿按摩机器人和中医穴位定位仿真系统等方面应用的梳理,探析人工智能在中医穴位定位技术中的研究方法、存在问题和解决思路,为中医穴位智能定位的未来发展提供建议和参考。

Effects of Tuina on Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Cognitive Dysfunction

This paper discusses the mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity from the research progress of Chinese and Western medicine and its oxidative stress,inflammatory reaction and abnormal lipid metabolism in cognitive dysfunction.It also reviews the research progress of massage,one of the external treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine,in the treatment of insulin resistance and cognitive dysfunction in obesity,in order to provide more new ideas and new ways for clinical diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance and related cognitive dysfunction caused by obesity.

Promoting Construction of Professional Teacher Team of Acupuncture and Tuina by Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is a frontier science for simulating,extending and expanding human intelligence,theoretical methods,technologies and application systems.Through the survey and analysis of the current situation of the integration of artificial intelligence into the construction of the teacher team,the corresponding research plan and path are formulated,and the artificial intelligence is fully integrated with the construction of the professional teacher team of acupuncture and tuina,and specific practices are carried out.The practical research path includes the construction of the corresponding artificial intelligence education analysis system and platform for the teaching staff,the formulation and practice of artificial intelligence training and training plans for the teaching staff,the daily intelligent education of the teaching staff and the sustainable improvement of lifelong intelligent education literacy.Through this study,it is hoped that the teaching ability and level of acupuncture and tuina teachers will be improved,and more new ideas and methods will be provided for the training and education of acupuncture and tuina professionals.

Tuina for treatment of atopic eczema in children under 14 years: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Objective:Due to a lack of available effective treatments for atopic eczema (AE),non-pharmaceutical therapy such as Tuina has been frequently sought after as an alternative treatment.We evaluated the benefits and harms of Tuina for children with AE under 14 years of age.Methods:We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Tuina in seven Chinese and English databases from their inception to June 2018.We included children under 14 years of age with AE received Tuina alone or combined with conventional medicine.Two authors independently extracted data and used the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool to assess the methodological quality.Effects were presented as relative risk with 95% confidence interval using RevMan 5.3.Data not suitable for statistical pooling were synthesized qualitatively.Results:Nine RCTs involving 1246 children with AE were included.The trials were at unclear or high risk of bias.Tuina manipulation in each trial was different.Compared to usual care,three trials showed greater effects of Tuina alone or combined with usual care for global symptoms and signs improvement,such as itching,and skin lesions.Four trials showed that Tuina had >50% improvement in symptoms and signs.Due to clinical heterogeneity,meta-analysis was not possible.At follow-up of between 4 weeks and 6 months,five trials of Tuina alone or Tuina combined with usual care showed lower rates of relapse compared to usual care alone.Four trials reported no occurrence of severe adverse events.Conclusions:Limited evidence demonstrates that Tuina may improve symptoms and signs of AE and reduce relapse rate in children <14 yrs with AE.Tuina is generally acceptable in these trials.Further well-designed RCTs are warranted to confirm these benefits and to explore safety further.

基于“筋-经-骨”理念的李氏推拿疗法治疗伴小关节紊乱的颈型颈椎病临床观察

目的观察基于“筋-经-骨”理念的李氏推拿疗法治疗伴小关节紊乱的颈型颈椎病临床疗效。方法将70例伴小关节紊乱的颈型颈椎病患者按照随机数字表法分为2组,对照组35例予常规推拿治疗,治疗组35例予李氏推拿疗法治疗。2组均隔日治疗1次,治疗3周。比较2组治疗前后简化麦吉尔疼痛评分量表(SF-MPQ)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数量表(NDI)评分、颈椎曲度、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分。结果2组治疗后SF-MPQ疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、疼痛分级指数(PRI)评分、现时疼痛程度(PPI)评分均较本组治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗后治疗组疼痛VAS、PRI评分、PPI评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后NDI评分均较本组治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗后治疗组NDI评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组颈椎曲度治疗前后比较及2组治疗后组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组治疗后PSQI评分均较本组治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗后治疗组PSQI评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于“筋-经-骨”理念的李氏推拿疗法在减轻伴小关节紊乱的颈型颈椎病患者疼痛、改善颈椎功能障碍、改善睡眠质量方面优于常规推拿治疗,短期内对改善颈椎曲度无优势。

小儿推拿教学应用虚拟仿真技术与传统教学法比较研究

目的比较虚拟仿真技术与传统教学法在小儿推拿手法教学应用的效果与满意度。方法以4个班次200名本科生为研究对象分别采用2种教学方法,开展应用效果对比与并随机抽取1/2的学生开展满意度问卷调查。结果同一班级2种方法、不同班级分别采用2种方法,以及不同年级采用虚拟仿真教学评价系统实训成绩差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而学生对于虚拟仿真技术的满意度显著高于传统教学法(P<0.05)。结论虚拟仿真评价系统与传统教学法教学效果与评价效果相当,但在真实手感反馈等方面还有待进一步改善。2种方法在小儿推拿课程的实践教学中各有优势,也各有不足,现阶段可相互补充和配合,以促进教学效果的提升。